高考英语一轮总复习 考点集训 介词及介词短语.docx

高考英语一轮总复习 考点集训 介词及介词短语.docx

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高考英语一轮总复习考点集训介词及介词短语

介词及介词短语

A　基础达标练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．（2016·浙江卷）Thatyoungmanishonest,cooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.________short,he'sreliable.

2．（2016·全国卷Ⅰ）ButmyconnectionwithPandasgoesback________mydaysonaTVshowinthemid－1980s.

3．（2016·四川卷）Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda________morethantwoyears.

4．（2016·全国卷Ⅲ）InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat________theirhands.

5．（2015·广东卷）Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,shefelloverthehillanddied.ThentheJohnsonshadtomakealiving________thecow.

6．（2016·课标全国Ⅱ改编）Hereportedthecase________thepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinastrangecity.

7．Finally,in1966,PresidentLyndonJohnsondeclaredthethirdSundayofJune________Father'sDay.

8．（2017·湖北宜昌教学协作体联考）________theend,theyoungmenfoundthatworkinghardistrulyatreasureinitself.

9．（2015·浙江改编）Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomes________animalsbothonlandandsea?

10．（2016·北京海淀期中改编）Atthebadnews,thewomanputherhands________hereyesandcriedout.

11．（2017·陕西西安八校联考改编）ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon'thaveenoughmoney________me.

12．（2016·全国卷Ⅱ）Mostofusaremorefocused________ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.

13．（2015·全国卷Ⅱ）Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenoughtocoolthehouseduringthehotday;________thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.

14．（2014·全国卷Ⅱ）Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext________thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.

15．（2017·福建单科质检改编）IwasborninatowncalledBlackburn,andlivedtheretillIlefthome________theageofeighteen.

Ⅱ.单句语法改错

1．（2016·浙江卷）Whiletheychatted，myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthetopofthefridge.________

2．（2015·全国卷Ⅰ）Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization，theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.________

3．（2014·全国卷Ⅰ）Nearlyfiveyearsago，andwiththehelpbyourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes（圣女果）inourbackgarden.________

4．（2014·全国卷Ⅱ）Wedon'tneedtodosomuchhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter－schoolactivities.________

5．（2016·全国卷Ⅰ）Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.________

6．（2015·全国卷Ⅱ）Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.________

7．（2014·课标全国卷Ⅱ）Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.________

8．（2017·湖北四地七校联考）Firstofall,weshouldmakeitaruletoeathealthyfood,incaseunhealthyfooddoesharmforourhealth.________

9．（2016·山西第四次诊断）Toimprovemygrades,Ipaidmoreattentionfortheteachers'talkinginclass.________

10．（2017·河南洛阳一模）ThankyouforsendingtometheScheduleforSummerEnglishCourses.________

Ⅲ.语法填空

（2017·黑龙江省实验中学模拟）Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeverydifficulttoletgoofyouranger.Butforgivenessispossible—anditcanbesurprisingly__1__（benefit）toyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Sofar,research__2__（show）thatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep.“Peoplewhoforgiveshow__3__（little）angerandmorehopefulness，”saysDrFredericLuskin,whowrotethebookForgiveforGood.“Soitcanhelpreducethetirednessoutoftheimmunesystemandallowpeople__4__（feel）moreenergetic.”

Sowhensomeonehashurtyou,cooldownfirst.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomething__5__givesyoupleasure:

abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don'twaitforan__6__（apologize）．“Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoumayneverthinkofapologizing，”saysDrLuskin.“Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsin__7__sameway.Soifyouwaitforpeopletosaysorry,youcouldbewaitingaverylongtime.”

Nextkeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymean__8__（accept）theactionofthepersonwhoupsetsyou.Instead,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.Finally,trytoseethings__9__theotherperson'sperspective.Youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignorance.Togainperspective，youmaywanttowritealetterto__10__（you）fromthatperson'spointofview.

Ⅳ.短文改错

（2017·安徽合肥一模）Forstudentslearninginstruments,summerisalwaysa“musicseason”.Duringvacationtimes,wearealwaysbusyattendingvariouslylessons,takingexamsandparticipatingincompetitions.ThissummerIjoinedamusiccompetitionbutwasluckytogetthesecondplace.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadplayedonthestageinfrontofsuchmanypeople.Ifeltveryupsetatfirst,buttheencouragefrommyteacherkeepsmegoingahead.Surprising,Iwasgiventhesilvermedal,thatincreasedmyconfidence.Ifwetryourbesttogetahead,wewillbeabletoachievewhatwedesireanddeserveit.

B　能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Theworldisgettingwarmer.Animalshavebeguntochangeinresponsetothenewcondition.Andsomeofthemhavebecomesmaller.Somescientiststhoughtthismightbeanadaptationtoawarmerworld,smallerbodiesshouldbeabletoloseheatbetter.ButnowanewstudypublishedinSciencehasfoundthatforredknotbirds,that'snotthecase.

EcologistJanvanGilsandhiscolleagueshavebeenstudyingthesebirdsfor33years.Overthecourseoftheirresearch,vanGilsandhisteamhavefoundthatinRussiawheretheredknotssummer,snowmeltandspringhavebeenadvancingbyhalfadayperyearonaverage.Overmorethanthirtyyears,theresearcherscaughtandmeasurednearly2,000birds.Inyearswhenthesnowmelthadarrivedparticularlyearly,thebirdswerelikelytobesmallerandhaveshorterbills（鸟嘴）．

ThebirdsleavethecoastofWesternAfrica,wheretheywinter,andflynorthtowardRussiawithnoclueastowhattheweatherislikethere.Thebirdsaresupposedtoarriveinspring,sotheycanlaytheireggsandwhentheirchickshatchout,therewillbeawealthofarthropod（节肢动物）insectstofeedtheiryoung.

Buteventhoughtheredknotsareadvancingtheirarrivaldatebyaboutaquarterofadayperyear,itisnotenoughtokeepupwiththesnowmelt.Andinyearswhenthesnowmeltarrivesearly,thearthropodsreachthegreatestquantitybeforethebirdsneedthem.Therefore,chicksmissoutoneatingwellandtheygrowuptobesmallerandhaveshorterbills.

Beingsmallerandhavingashorterbillisn'taprobleminRussia—butitisinAfrica.There,adultbirdsfeedonthin－shelledbivalves（双壳贝类）,Loripeslucinalis.Butthebivalvesareburieddeep.However,otheroptions,Dosiniaisocardiabivalvesandseagrassrhizomes（根茎）,whichonlytheyoungestbirdsrelyon,arenotabundantornutritious.

VanGilsandhiscolleaguesfoundthat,intheirfirstyear,shorter－billedredknotsdon'tsurviveaswellinAfrica.“Afewshort－billedbirdsmakeit，”vanGilssays,“butthemajorityofbirdsthatsurvivearethelong－billedbirds.”

1．JanvanGilsandhiscolleaguesreachedtheconclusionby________.

A.comparingredknotswithotherbirds

B.dividing2,000redknotsintoseveralgroups

C.watchingandexaminingredknotsforthreedecades

D.analyzingstudiesthathavebeenpublishedinScience

2．Whatinfluencedoesearlysnowmelthaveonredknots?

A.Theirchicksdon'thaveenoughtoeat.

B.Theireggstakemoretimetohatchout.

C.Theyneedtofindotherplacesforsummer.

D.TheyarriveinRussiahalfadayearliereachyear.

3．Fewadultshort－billedredknotssurviveinAfricabecause________.

A.theycan'tfindarthropodinsectstoeat

B.theycan'taccessLoripeslucinalisbivalves

C.theDosiniaisocardiabivalvestheyneedarerare

D.theseagrassrhizomestheyfeedonarenotnutritious

4．What'sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Totellastory.B.Toprovidefacts.

C.Tomakeanannouncement.D.Toputforwardsuggestions.

B

IBMandLocalMotorsintroducedanewself－drivingelectricvehiclecalled“Olli”inNationalHarbor,Maryland.Thecar—really,asmallbus—iscapableoftransporting12peopleatonce.ItusesIBM's“Watson”system,pullingvastamountsofdataonitssurroundingsfromavarietyofsources.

Forexample,ifyouusethecarenoughitcouldeventuallyfigureoutyourgeneralpathtoworkeverymorning.Ifyou'rerunninglateoneday—orWatsonusesweatherdatatofigureoutthatit'sabouttorain,orthattrafficwillgetworse—Ollimighttellyouthere'snotimeforcoffee.Askitwhenyou'llarriveatyourdestinationanditcananswer.

ThevehiclewillbeavailabletothepublicinNationalHarborat“selecttimes”thissummer.Laterthisyear,itwillbeusedinFlorida'sMiami－DadeCountyandLasVegas.

MuchhasbeensaidaboutGoogle'sdriverlesscarprototype（模型）—butJayRogers,CEOofLocalMotors,asmallexperimentalcarmaker,saysthere'saproblemwiththeGoogle'sbusinessmodel.

“Googledoesn'tmakecars，”heexplained.Whilethat'snotstrictlytrue—thecompanydoeshaveitsownself－drivingcarprototype—GoogleisworkingwithtraditionalautomakerslikeFiatChryslertogetitsvehiclesonpublicroads.

Butdriverlesscarsaren'tlegalineverystate.“AcompanylikeFiatChryslerwon'tputoutvehiclestheycan'tselleverywhere，”Rogerssaid.

RogersbelievesLocalMotorsisnimbleenoughtobeanindustryleader.ThecompanydesignedOlliin2015andofficiallyapprovedtheprojectthisMarch.Threemonthslater,withIBM,theyhaveaworkingvehicleinMaryland.

We'realongwayawayfromhavingOllieverywhere,ofcourse,butRogerssaysLocalMotors'majorproblemislegislation,nottechnology.They'realreadyequippedtoproduceanddeliverthecarswhereverthere'sdemand—thoughit'sasmallcompany,sodon'texpecttoomanyofthem.

5．What'sOlli'smajorfeature?

A.Itisanelectricvehicle.

B.Itdoesn'tneedadriver.

C.Itcantake12peopleatonc