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考研英语一模拟试题一
考研英语
(一)模拟试题一
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark
A,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
BlackdeaththatdroveNewtonfromhiscollegeandintoamomentousdiscovery,1
Englandin1665.Astronomicalrecordsofthetimeshowthat2wasayearofintensesunspotactivity,andstudiesofannualtree3,whicharewiderwhenthesunisdisturbed,4thattheterribleplagueof1348was5accompaniedbyanactivesun.
Thissoundsincredible,6wenowhaveevidencethatthesunhasadirecteffectonsomeofourbody7.Over120000testsweremadeonpeopleinaBlackSea8tomeasurethenumberoflymphocytesintheirblood.Thesesmallcellsnormally9between20and25percentofman'swhitebloodcells,butinyearsofgreatsolaractivitythis10decreases.Therewasabigdropduringthesunspotyearsof1986and1987,andnumberofpeople11fromdiseasescausedbyalymphocytedeficiency12doubledduringthetremendoussolarexplosionofFebruary
1986.
1.[A]blanketed
[B]swept
[C]covered
[D]spread
2.[A]this
[B]such
[C]so
[D]either
3.[A]rings
[B]cycles
[C]circles
[D]rounds
4.[A]survey
[B]reveal
[C]predict
[D]release
5.[A]still
[B]even
[C]then
[D]also
6.[A]but
[B]because
[C]unless
[D]when
7.[A]chemistry
[B]construction
[C]physiology
[D]constitution
8.[A]retreat
[B]reserve
[C]resort
[D]refuge
9.[A]putin
[B]takeover
[C]makeup
[D]setoff
10.[A]number
[B]figure
[C]share
[D]proportion
11.[A]suffered
[B]suffer
[C]suffering
[D]tosuffer
12.[A]unexpectedly
[B]actually
[C]disappointedly
[D]practically
13.[A]performances
[B]operations
[C]functions
[D]workings
14.[A]environment
[B]field
[C]layer
[D]shell
15.[A]wouldexpect
[B]expects
[C]expect
[D]expected
16.[A]affected
[B]respected
[C]protected
[D]connected
17.[A]beside
[B]at
[C]by
[D]on
Manyofthebody's13seemtobeinfluencedbysun-inducedchangesintheearth'smagnetic14.Ifthisisso,one15tofindthatthenervoussystem,whichdependsonelectricalstimuli,wouldbethemost16.Astudyof5580coal-mineaccidents17theRuhrrivershowsthatmostoccurredonthedayfollowingsolaractivity.StudiesoftrafficaccidentsinRussiaandinGermanyshowthattheseincrease,byasmuchasfour18theaverage,ondaysafterthe19ofasolarflare.Thissuggeststhataccidentsmaybe20adisturbancedeeperthanasimpledecreaseinreactiontime.Theseresultsmakeitclearthatmanin,amongotherthings,aremarkablysensitivelivingsundial.
18.[A]timesabove
[B]time
[C]timesin
[D]times
19.[A]formation
[B]explosion
[C]eruption
[D]propulsion
20.[A]dueto
[B]aptfor
[C]allbut
[D]priorto
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Overthelastdecade,demandforthemostcommoncosmeticsurgeryprocedures,likebreastenlargementsandnosejobs,hasincreasedbymorethan400percent.AccordingtoDr.DaiDavies,ofthePlasticSurgeryPartnershipinHammersmith,themajorityofcosmeticsurgerypatientsarenotchasingphysicalperfection.Rather,theyaredriventofantasticlengthstoimprovetheirappearancebyadesiretolooknormal."Whatweallcraveistolooknormal,andnormaliswhatisprescribedbytheadvertisingmediaandotherexternalpressures.Theygiveuslooklikethat.
InAmerica,thedebateisnolongeraboutwhethersurgeryisnormal;rather,itcentersonwhatagepeopleshouldbebeforegoingundertheknife.NewYorksurgeonDr.GerardImberrecommends"maintenance"workforpeopleintheirthirties."Theideaofwaitinguntiloneneedsaheroictransformationissilly,"hesays."Bythen,you'vewasted20greatyearsofyourlifeandallowedthingstogetoutofhand."Dr.Imberdrawsthelineatoperatingonpeoplewhoareunder
18,however,"Itseemsthatsomeonewedon'tconsideroldenoughtoorderadrinkshouldn'tbeconsideringplasticsurgery."
IntheUKcosmeticsurgeryhaslongbeenseenastheexclusivedomainoftheveryrichandfamous.Buttheproportionatecostoftreatmenthasfallensubstantially,bringingallbutthemostadvancedlasertechnologywithinthereachofmostpeople.Dr.Davies,whoclaimsto"caterfortheaverageperson",agrees.Hesays:
"Itreatafewoftherichandfamousandanawfullotofsecretaries.Ofcourse,£3,000foranoperationisalotofmoney.Butitisalsoaninvestmentforlifewhichcostsabouthalfthepriceofagoodfamilyholiday."
Dr.Daviessuspectsthattheincreasingsophisticationofthefatinjectingandremovaltechniquesthatallowpatientstobetreatedwithalocalanaestheticinanafternoonhasalsohelpedpromotethepopularityofcosmeticsurgery.Yet,asonewomanwhorecentlypaid£2,500forliposuctiontoremovefatfromherthighsadmitted,theslopetobecomingacosmeticsurgeryVeteranisadeceptivelygentleone."Ihadmylegsdonebecausethey'dbeenbuggingmeforyears.Butgoingintotheclinicwassolowkeyandeffectiveitwhettedmyappetite.NowIdon'tthinkthere'sanyoperationthatIwouldruleouthavingifIcouldaffordit."
21.Accordingtothetext,thereasonforcosmeticsurgeryisto
[A]bephysicallyhealthy.[B]lookmorenormal.
[C]satisfyappetite.
[D]beacceptedbymedia.
22.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,Dr.Daviesimpliesthat
[A]cosmeticsurgery,thoughcostly,isworthhaving.[B]cosmeticsurgeryistooexpensive.
[C]cosmeticsurgeryisnecessaryevenfortheaverageperson.[D]cosmeticsurgeryismainlyfortherichandfamous.
23.Thestatement"drawsthelineatoperatingonpeople"(para.2)isclosestinmeaningto
[A]removingwrinklesfromtheface.[B]helpingpeoplemakeup.
[C]enjoyingoperating.[D]refusingtooperate.
24.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat
[A]itiswisetohavecosmeticsurgeryunder18.[B]cosmeticsurgeryisnowmucheasier.
[C]peopletendtoabusecosmeticsurgery.
[D]theearlierpeoplehavecosmeticsurgery,thebettertheywillbe.
25.Thetextismainlyabout
[A]theadvantageofhavingcosmeticsurgery.
[B]whatkindofpeopleshouldhavecosmeticsurgery.[C]thereasonwhycosmeticsurgeryissopopular.
[D]thedisadvantageofhavingcosmeticsurgery.
Text2
Innatureasinculture,diversitycanbeadifficultconcept.Understandingitisonething,acceptingitanother,especiallywhendiversitymeansnotonlyacknowledgingapre-existingmixtureofdifference--theveryamplenessoftheworld--butalsoaccommodatinganadjustmenttotheexistingstateofthings.AcaseinpointisthereintroductionofgraywolvesinYellowstonenationalPark.Thirty-threewolveswerereleasedin1995,andtheirnumberhasnowreached97.Populationexpansionisonemeasureofthewolfprogram'ssuccess,butabetteroneisthewolves'impactonthenaturaldiversityofthepark.
Typically,apackoftheYellowstonewolveskillsabigdeerveryfewdays.Butovertheremainsthewolvesabandon,awonderfulnewdiversityhasemerged.Sincetheirarrival,wolves
havekilledmanyofthepark'scoyotes(丛林郎),asmallerkindofwolf.Thereductionincoyotes
hascausedanincreaseinrodentssuchasmice,rabbitsandsquirrels,whichalsobenefitsawiderangeofpredators.Eventhecoyotesthatliveatthemarginsofwolfcountryhaveprospered,thankstotheleftoversthewolvesleavebehind.Sodogrizzlybears,whichfeedonwolf-kilteddeerbeforebeginninghibernationorwintersleep.
Whathasinterestedscientistsistheswiftness,thedynamism,ofthisshiftindiversity.Therehasbeen,however,nomatchingdynamismintheopinionofhumanswhoopposethewolfreintroduction.ThatwasmadeplainbyaFederaldistrictjudge'srecentorderto"remove"thewolves,theresultoralegalprocessthatistheoffspringofinflexibility.Severallivestockgroups,includingtheWyomingFarmBureau,hadfiledasuitthaturged,inslightlyclevererterms,theoldproposition,nowolves,noproblems.Severalenvironmentalgroupshadfliedaseparatelawsuit--unconnectedtotheYellowstonewolves--protestingthedroppingoflegalprotectionfor
wolvesthatwererecolonizingIdaho.Thetwosuitswereunfortunatelymerged.
ThoughJudgeWilliamDownesstayedhisowndecision,pendingappeal,hisjudgmentisasadencouragementtothemistakendefensivenessofmostranchersorcattlefarmers.Itisalsoamisunderstandingofthepurposeoftheenvironmentalists'suit.Hisdecisionneedstobeswiftlyanddecisivelyoverturnedonappeal.Itisnoexaggerationtosaythatsincethereturnofthewolves,Yellowstonehaswitnessedaneconomyofdiversityfromwhichhumanculture--includingthecultureofranching---candirectlyprofit,ifonlyitchoosestodoso.
26.Sincethearrivalof33wolvesintheYellowstoneNationalPark,[A]adynamicbiologicalchainhasstartedtofunction
[B]animalskeptintheparkhavehadenoughfood
[C]someanimalsthatarenotwantedhavebeenvanishing
[D]theattractionoftheparkisgreatlyincreased
27.Theauthorthinksitunfortunatethatthejudgeshould
[A]makeeffortstoacceptsuitswithregardtooldissues.[B]makeuseoflegalmeanstoprotecthisowninterests.
[C]mixuptwoirrelevantsuitsandmakewolvesthevictims.
[D]supporttheprotestagainstcancelinglegalprotectionsforwolves.
28.TheauthorbelievesthatJudgeWilliamDowneswasobviouslyonthesideof
[A]theYellowstonePark
[B]l