新GRE argument 模板+漂亮句型+范文举例.docx

新GRE argument 模板+漂亮句型+范文举例.docx

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新GREargument模板+漂亮句型+范文举例

　开头

　　实验结论

　　Inthisargument,thearguerconcludesthat…doing…willleadto…Tosupporttheconclusion,thearguerpointsoutthat…Inaddition,thearguerreasonsthat…

　　Theargumentsuffersfromseveralcriticalfallacies.

　　自己应该干吗根据观察和现象

　　自己改正根据因果

　　Inthisargument,thearguerrecommendsthat…shouldadvise…to…Tojustifythisclaim,thearguerprovidestheevidencethat…Thus…shouldfollowthestudy’srecommendationand…inorderto…

　　自己尝试新方法根据预测和假想

　　Theconclusioninthisargumentisthat…canexpectto…bydoing…Insupportofthisprediction,thearguerclaimsthat…Moreover,thearguerassumesthatthisattempthas…benefits:

1）to;2）to;3）to;Thisargumentisfraughtwithvague,oversimplified,andunwarrantedassumptions. 

　　换一个供应商

　　Inthisargument,theargueradvocatesthat…should…Thisrecommendationisbasedontheobservationthat…Meanwhile,thearguerassumes…tobeabetterchoice…because…Thisargumentisproblematicfor…reasons.

　　自己应该干吗根据其他州的情况

　　Inthisanalysis,thearguerclaimsthat…should…Tosubstantiatetheconclusion,thearguercitestheexampleof…where…Inaddition,thearguerassumesthat…Thisargumentisunconvincingforseveralcriticalflaws.

　　正文：

　　Themajorproblemwiththisargumentisthat…

　　Anotherflawthatweakensthisargumentisthat.…

　　Inaddition,thearguerignoresseveralfactorsthatmightunderminetheargument.

　　…thearguerfailstoconsiderseveralotherrelevantfactorsthatmightinfluence…

　　Forinstance…since…what’smore…etc. 

　　样本的问题：

　　Whensamplesareusedtomakegeneralclaimsaboutaparticulargroup,thesamplesshouldbecloseenoughintimetothegenerationtheyareusedtosupport,sothathistoricalchangeswillnotinvalidatethegeneralization

　　调查survey的问题：

　　Thesampleofthesurveyconductedbythe…isvague. 

　　Butwearetoldnothingaboutthewaythepollwasconductedandhowwellitrepresentedthepublicopinions..（民意测验）

　　Howmanypeopleparticipated?

　　Thesampleofthesurveyisnotrepresentative.

　　数据的问题：

　　（平均值）Thestudyrevealed,onaverage,onlyasmallstatisticalcorrelationbetween

　　（实验的数据不可靠）thedataoftheresearchisunconvincing（样本太小）

　　thesampleistoosmallto...（光数字没比例）

　　theratiooffourtosix

　　thereisonlyfiguresbutnoproportionofthesurvey还是ratio?

　　InsufficientSample

　　Ifthe[respondents]onlystandforatinyproportionofthewhole[group],weshouldnotbesosureabouttheconclusionthat[thewholegroup…]

　　Thearguercommitsafallacyofhastygeneralization. 

　　ItwasonlycarriedoutinSunCity,butthearguerappliesitsresulttoallthecompany’smarketswhiledoesn’tshowuswhetherSunCityisarepresentativemarketofthewholemarkets. 

　　实验组的人：

性别，年龄，生理特征

　　副作用有的病人会对抗生素过敏

　　错误的类比：

　　Buttheproblemisthatthetwosituationsarenotsimilarenoughtojustifytheanalogicaldeduction.

　　错误的比较：

　　Thecomparisoninthisargumentisincompleteandselective.Thearguerdiscoversthat…

　　However,thearguerfailstoprovideanyinformationregarding…respectively…

　　别的因素：

　　Furthermorethearguerignoresthepossibilitythat…may…Unlesstheargueralsotakesthisfactorintoconsideration,thecomparisonisunconvincing.

　　Itisverylikelythat…andhence…variessignificantly. 

　　没有因果：

　　Confusingcausalrelationwithcorrelation

　　thearguercommitsafallacyofhastygeneralization.EvenifthemaintenanceoftheairlinehasbeenimprovedasaresultofsendingitsmechanicstotheSeminar,whichis,ofcourse,anunwarrantedassumption,itdoesnotfollowthat就算怎样，也不怎样

　　Finally,thearguerhintsthat…buthefailstoanalyzethecauses.Isitbecause…orbecause…?

　　-----------------------------------------------------------

　　其他：

　　Thefactthat…doesnotnecessarilyimplythat…

　　Firstofall,theargumentisbasedonahastygeneralization.Accordingtothecitedstudies…whichisunderstandable.

　　Itisverylikelythat…andhence…variessignificantly.

　　分析常用：

　　theactualamountoftimefordoing…respectively…

　　Thesurveyisbasedontwoisolatedexamples.Thearguershouldsurveymorehospitalsofbothtypes.

　　Howlargewasthesample 

　　Howmanypeopleparticipated?

　　Whatextentdothisparticipatorsimprovetheir…speed?

　　ThearguerfailstoindicatetheattitudeoftheresidentstotheABC'sperformance.

　　循环假设

　　Thearguercommitsafallacyofbeggingthequestioninassumingthat…

　　-------------------------------------------------------------

　　结尾：

　　Tosumup,theconclusionlackscredibilitybecausetheevidencecitedintheanalysisdoesnotlendstrongsupporttowhatthearguermaintains.Tostrengthentheargument,thearguerwouldhavetoprovidemoreevidenceconcerningthepercentageoftheaffectedfamiliesandtheirgeographicaldistribution.

　　Insummary,theconclusionreachedinthisargumentisinvalidandmisleading.

　　Inconclusion,thearguerfailstoestablishacausalrelationshipbetween…Tostrengthentheargument,thearguerwouldhavetoprovideevidencethat…Tobetterevaluatetheargument,wewouldneedmoreinformationabout…

　　Asitstands,theargumentisnotwellreasoned.Tomakeitlogicallyacceptable,thearguerwouldhavetodemonstratethat…istheonlyconditionthat…Additionally,thearguermustprovideevidencetoruleoutotherpossiblecausesofthe…

　　Toconclude,thisargumentisnotpersuasiveasitstands.

范文观摩呀！

　　Argument37ThefollowingisamemorandumfromthedirectorofpersonneltothepresidentofGet-AwayAirlines.

　　"Sinceourmechanicsareresponsibleforinspectingandmaintainingouraircraft,Get-AwayAirlinesshouldpaytosendthemtotheQuality-CareSeminar,atwo-weekseminaronpropermaintenanceprocedures.Irecommendthisseminarbecauseitislikelytobeawiseinvestment,giventhattheautomobileracingindustryrecentlyreportedthattheperformanceofitsmaintenancecrewsimprovedmarkedlyaftertheircrewshadattendedtheseminar.Thesemaintenancecrewsperformmanyofthesamefunctionsasdoourmechanics,includingrefuelingandrepairingengines.Themoneywespendonsendingourstafftotheseminarwillinevitablyleadtoimprovedmaintenanceandthustogreatercustomersatisfactionalongwithgreaterprofitsforourairline."

　　[建议，看别人好自己也要]

　　Inthisargument,thearguerconcludesthatsendingthemechanicsofGet-AwayAirlinestoatwo-weekQuality-CareSeminaronpropermaintenanceprocedureswillautomaticallyleadtoimprovedmaintenanceandtogreatercustomersatisfactionalongwithgreaterprofitsfortheairline.Tosupporttheconclusion,thearguerpointsoutthattheperformanceofthemaintenancecrewsintheautomobileracingindustryimprovedmarkedlyaftertheircrewshadattendedtheseminar.Inaddition,thearguerreasonsthatsincethemaintenancecrewsoftheautomobileracingindustryandthemechanicsofGet-AwayAirlinesperformmanyofthesamefunctions,theairlineswillgainsimilarbenefitsfromthetrainingprogram.Thisargumentsuffersfromseveralcriticalfallacies.

　　First,theargumentIsbasedonafalseanalogy.Thearguersimplyassumesthatairplanemechanicsandautomobilemaintenancecrewsperformmanysimilarfunctions,buthedoesnotprovideanyevidencethattheirfunctionsareindeedcomparable.Asweknow,thestructure,operationandfunctionofairplanesandthoseofautomobilesdifferconspicuously.Itistruethatboththeairplaneandtheautomobileneedrefuelingandenginemaintenance,butevenherethereexistfundamentaldifferences:

thestructureandthebuildingmaterialsofeachother'senginesaredifferent,soistheoiltheyuse.Therefore,eventhoughthetwo-weekQuality-CareSeminarprovedeffectiveinimprovingtheperformanceofthemaintenancecrewsintheautomobileracingindustry,thereisnoguaranteethatitwillworkjustaswellforairplanemechanics.

　　Second,thearguercommitsafallacyofhastygeneralization.EvenifthemaintenanceoftheairlinehasbeenimprovedasaresultofsendingitsmechanicstotheSeminar,whichis,ofcourse,anunwarrantedassumption,itdoesnotfollowthattherewillbegreaterprofitsaswellasgreatercustomersatisfactionfortheairline.Asweknow,customersatisfactiondependsonseveralmajorfactorsotherthangoodmaintenanceoftheairplane.Forinstance,customersaregenerallyconcernedaboutthepunctuality,theon-boardservice,theticketprice,theluggagehandlingprocedureandeventhediscount,allofwhichareignoredbythearguer.Besides,thearguerdoesnotprovideanysolidinformationconcerninghowtheairplanecanimproveitsprofits.UnlessGet-AwayAirlinescansignificantlyincreaseitscustomersorpassengersandatthesametimecutdownitscosts,bothofwhichareunknownfromthisargument,thereisnoguaranteethatitwill"inevitably"harvestgreaterprofits.Actually,thearguer'srecommendationofinvestinginthistrainingprogramastheonlywaytoincreasecustomersatisfactionandprofitswouldmostprobablyturnouttobeineffectiveandmisleading.

　　Inconclusion,thearguerfailstoestablishacausalrelationshipbetweensendingGet-Away'smechanicstotheQuality-CareSeminarandimprovedmaintenance,greatercustomersatisfactionandgreaterprofitsfortheairline.Tostrengthentheargument,thearguerwouldhavetoprovideevidencethatautomobilemaintenanceandairplanemaintenancearesimilarineveryaspect.Tobetterevaluatetheargument,wewouldneedmoreinformationabouttherelationshipbetweenimprovedmaintenanceandgreatercustomersatisfactionalongwithgreaterprofits.

Argument47:

ThenationofClariacoversavastphysicalarea.Butdespitewidegeographicdifferences,manycitizensareexperiencing