届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx

届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx

《届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解主旨大意一

阅读理解：

主旨大意

（一）

A

BeijinghasbecomethefirstcitytohostbothSummerandWinterOlympicGamesafterbeatingKazakhstan'sAlmatytoholdthe2022WinterOlympics.FollowingacloseddoorvotebyInternationalOlympic

Committee（IOC）members，PresidentThomasBach

announcedthatBeijingisthewinnerof2022WinterOlympicsduringthe128thIOCSessioninKualaLumpuronFridayafternoon.

Withafullypreparedfinalpresentationbyanallstarteam，Beijinghassuccessfullyconvincedthecommitteemembersthatthe2008OlympicshostcityisamorefavoredcandidatefortheWinterGames.Thehighp-owereddelegationassuredIOCmembersthatBeijingwasthesafechoicebecauseithadalreadyproveditcouldstagetheGamesandsaiditwouldtakewintersportsintothebackyardoftheworld'smostpopulatedcountry.

ChinesePresidentXiJinpingsentaletterofappreciationtoPresidentThomasBachonFridayevening，expressingthankstoIOCforitstrustandsupportinselectingBeijingtogetherwithZhangjiakouasthehostofthe2022OlympicandParalympicWinterGames.TheBritishOlympicAssociation（BOA）congratulatedBeijingonwinningthebidandbelievedtheChinesecapitalwillhosta“great”WinterOlympics.

Thecapitalpromisesasustainable（可持续的）Olympicsbytakingfulladvantageofexistingvenues.Anditwilltakeaseriesofmeasurestodealwithairpollutionforasuccessful2022Games.Bidofficialssaidwinningthehostingrightsforthe2022WinterOlympicswillfuelregionalintegrationbetweenBeijing，TianjinandHebeiProvince，especiallyontransportation，airpollutioncontrolandtourism.

1．Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?

A．Beijingistheonlycitytohost2022WinterOlympics.

B．BeijingisthefirstcitytohostbothSummerandWinterOlympicGames.

C．Beijingisthewinnerof2022WinterOlympicsafterbeatingKualaLumpur.

D．IOCmembersheldanopendoormeetingtovoteforthewinnertohosttheWinterOlympicGames.

2．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“stage”inthethirdparagraph?

A．Floor

B．Level

C．Celebrate

D．Organize

3．WhatwillBeijingdoinordertohostasuccessful2022Games?

A．Beijingwillprepareanallstarteamtowelcometheguestsallovertheworld.

B．BeijingwillfuelregionalintegrationbetweenBeijing，TianjinandHebeiProvince.

C．Beijingwillmakefulluseoftheexistingstadiumsanddealwithairpollution.

D．Beijingwillmakeitselfmorebeautifultoattractthetouristsallovertheworld.

4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．BeijingwinsbothSummerandWinterGames.

B．BOAcongratulatedBeijingonwinningthebid.

C．AllstarteamhelpsBeijing.

D．Beijingwins2022WinterGamesbid.

【解析】

1．解析：

选B。

细节理解题。

根据文章第一段可知正确选项

为B。

易错提醒：

本题易误选A：

北京是举办2022年冬奥会的唯一

城市。

此选项错在“唯一”上，因为北京在举办2022年冬奥会的

时候，还有张家口协办。

2．解析：

选D。

词义猜测题。

根据句子Thehighp-owereddelegationassuredIOCmembersthatBeijingwasthesafechoicebecauseithadalreadyproveditcouldstagetheGamesandsaiditwouldtakewintersportsintothebackyardoftheworld'smostpopulatedcountry.可知此处的stage是动词“组织”的意思。

3．解析：

选C。

细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第二段可知选项

C符合题意。

4．解析：

选D。

主旨大意题。

本文主要讲述了北京申办2022

年冬奥会成功的事。

故选D。

易错提醒：

本题易误选A。

北京确实是成功申办夏季和冬季奥运会的国家，但本文重点讲述的是成功申办了冬奥会。

B

（2018·山东六校高三联考）FourthgradeteacherToriNelsonallowedoneofherstudentstoshaveherheadintheschoolyard,afterbullies（仗势欺人者）teasedhimabouthisownbuzzcut.MsNelsongottheideaafternoticingthatMatthewFinney,ashyboyfromherhomeroomatWinlockMillerElementarySchoolinWashingtonState,wasstandingoutsidehisclassroomcryingandwearingawinterhat.

MsNelsoncouldseethebackofhisneckhadbeenshaved,andsinceMatthewusuallyhadverythickcurlybrownhair,sherealizedthathe'dhadahaircutovertheweekend.Sheaskedhimwhatwaswrong,andhesaidhe'dgottenabuzzcutforthesummer.Butthismorning,afifthgraderonthebusmadefunofhim,andhedidn'twanttocometoclassandgetteasedbyotherkids.MsNelsontriedtoconvinceMatthewtocomeinside,butsinceschoolrulesprohibitedkidsfromwearinghatsindoorsherefused—explainingthathewasafraidofshowinghishaircuttotheotherchildrenincasetheyalsomadefunofhim.

“FinallyIsaid,‘Ifyoutakeyourhatoffandcometoclass,I'llletyougivemeabuzzcuttoo，’”MsNelsontoldYahooParenting.“Ifiguredit'sjusthair,andmineisalreadyshortanyway.Imightaswellgetitshorterintimeforthewarmweather.”

Matthewexcitedlytookherupontheoffer,andMsNelsonandanotherteachergatheredallthefourthgraderstogetherduringbreaktime.Aschoolemployeebroughtinscissors,whichMatthewusedtothecheersofhisclassmates,excitedlywatchingastheirteacher'shairfellawayontothegroundintheschoolyard.

“Itwasalotoffunforthekids,andithelpedMatthewfeelbetterabouthimself，”saidMsNelson.“Youhavetodowhatittakestoreachchildren.Teachingisn'tjustaboutreadingandwriting;it'saboutselfworthandacceptingdifferences.”

语篇解读：

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小男孩Matthew因新发型被其他孩子嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师ToriNelson通过让Matthew帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他的故事。

1．WhatmainlyledtoMatthew'sstandingoutsidetheclassroom?

A．Hisfearofbeinglaughedat.

B．Hisunwillingnesstolearn.

C．Hisviolatingschoolrules.

D．Hisnotfinishinghishomework.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第二段的内容尤其是最后一句“explainingthathewasafraidofshowinghishaircuttotheotherchildrenincasetheyalsomadefunofhim”可知，Matthew不进教室的主要原因是他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑。

故选A。

2．WhydidMsNelsonhaveherheadshaved?

A．ToshowsympathyforMatthew.

B．TocomfortandencourageMatthew.

C．Toprepareforthewarmweather.

D．Toshowheruniquepersonality.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据文章主旨以及第一段的内容和第三段中的“Ifyoutakeyourhatoffandcometoclass,I'llletyougivemeabuzzcuttoo”可知，Matthew因新发型而受到仗势欺人者的嘲笑，因害怕也被同学嘲笑，他不敢进教室，Nelson老师想出了让Matthew给她剪一个相同的发型的主意来帮助Matthew敢于面对他的同学，由此可知，Nelson老师这样做的目的是安慰并鼓励Matthew。

故选B。

3．WhatisMsNelsonlike?

A．Responsibleandcaring.

B．Knowledgeableandcreative.

C．Humorousandeasygoing.

D．Stoutanddetermined.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据文章内容可知，Nelson老师在知道自己的学生Matthew因新发型遭到嘲笑，并暗自伤心，害怕也被同学嘲笑而拒绝进教室的情况之后，她决定让Matthew当众为其剪同样的寸头发型，以此安慰并鼓励Matthew，而不是将此事抛诸脑后，置之不理。

由此可看出，Nelson老师是一位负责任的、关心他人的人。

故选A。

4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．Therealmeaningofteaching

B．Standuptoschoolbullying

C．Teachkidstorespectdifferences

D．Ahaircutfulloflove

解析：

选D　主旨大意题。

纵观全文可知，Matthew因新发型被学校里的仗势欺人者欺负、嘲笑，进而使他因害怕被其他同学嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师ToriNelson通过让Matthew帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他，使他最终有勇气来面对这一欺凌现象。

由此可知，D项为本文最佳标题。

C

ThehistoryofTeachers'DaytracesbacktotheHanDynasty（202BC220AD）.Accordingtotherecord,duringtheHanandJindynasties,onAugust27eachyear,thebirthdayofConfucius,theemperorwouldgototheConfucius'templeandpaytribute（敬意）totheancientphilosopherfollowedbycourtofficials,andwouldalsoinviteroyalteacherstotheimperialcourtforabanquet.Onthisday,teachersaroundthenationenjoyedaday'svacationandweregivendriedmeatasgifts.

Thecapital,allstatesandcountieswouldalsoholdceremoniestoworshipConfucius.Excellentperformingteacherswouldbechosenfromacademiesandlearninginstitutionsnationwide,reportingtotheroyalcourtandgiven500liang（两）silvercoinsasawards.

UntiltheQingDynasty,theceremony,onAugust27,wasofalargerscale.Theteachers'salariesinschoolsandacademiesaroundthenationwereraised,andwellperformingteacherswouldbeawardedofficialtitlesorpromotedtohigherpositions.

Normally,anancientteacher'sincomeincludedsalary,accommodationandfestivalgifts.Therewasnofixedtuitionfee.Generallytheparentspaidteachersaccordingtotheirhouseholdincome.Bothmoneyandbasicfoodstuffcouldbepaidinexchangefortuition.

Inprivateschools,teachersalwaysreceivedmoneyorgiftsfromthehostfamilyatcertainfestivalsoratthebeginningandendofeachsemester.

Thefestivalsinwhichteachersreceivedgiftsvariedfromregiontoregion,whilethemostvaluedonesweretheDuanwu,MidAutumnandChineseNewYearfestivals,aswellasConfucius'birthdayandtheprivatetutor'sbirthday.

Amongallthegiftgivingfestivals,thefirstmeetinggiftwasamust.Whenstudentsmettheirprivatetutorsforthefirsttime,theyhadtokneeldowntoConfucius'spirittabletandthentotheirprivatetutors,beforepresentinga“gift”．

篇章导读：

本文是一篇说明文。

全文主要介绍了中国教师节的由来及古代人们对教师表达敬意的方式。

1．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.

A．theteachersinancientChina

B．theTeachers'DayinancientChina

C．theteachers'highpositionsinancientChina

D．theteachers'salariesinancientChina

答案：

B　主旨大意题。

根据全文大意可知，本文主要讲了中国教师节的历史，包括其由来、礼仪等。

所以选B。

2．HowlonghastheTeachers'DaybeeninChina?

A．1,5002,500years.B．2,0003,000years.

C．3,0004,000years.D．4,0005,000years.

答案：

A　推理判断题。

根据第一段的第一句“ThehistoryofTeachers'DaytracesbacktotheHanDynasty（202BC220AD）．”可知，应选A。

3．WhatisthespecialgiftfortheteachersontheTeachers'DayduringtheHanandJindynasties?

A．Ahigherposition.

B．Adayfree.

C．500liangsilvercoins.

D．Days'vacation.

答案：

B　细节理解题。

根据第一段的最后一句“Onthisday,teachersaroundthenationenjoyedaday'svacationandweregivendriedmeatasgifts.”可知，在汉朝和晋朝教师节这一天，全国的教师都可以休假一天，并且得到干肉作为礼物。

4．What'sthemainideaofthelastfourparagraphs?

A．WhereteacherscouldgetgiftsinancientChina.

B．WhyteachersgotgiftsinancientChina.

C．HowteacherswerepresentedwithgiftsinancientChina.

D．WhenteachersreceivedgiftsinancientChina.

答案：

C　段落大意题。

文章后四段主要介绍了教师接收学生礼物的情况，即在哪些时间和场合收礼。

A、D两项都只提到一方面，应排除。

B项文章未提及。

D

（2018·福州五校第一次联考）ThereisapopularsayingintheEnglishlanguage：

“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverhurtme.”Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords,namecallingoreventhesocalled“thesi