届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx

1、届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习15阅读理解 主旨大意一阅读理解：主旨大意（一）ABeijing has become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games after beating Kazakhstans Almaty to hold the 2022 Winter Olympics. Following a closed door vote by International Olympic Committee(IOC) members，President Thomas Bach announced that

2、Beijing is the winner of 2022 Winter Olympics during the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur on Friday afternoon. With a fullyprepared final presentation by an allstar team， Beijing has successfully convinced the committee members that the 2008 Olympics host city is a more favored candidate for the Wi

3、nter Games. The highp-owered delegation assured IOC members that Beijing was the safe choice because it had already proved it could stage the Games and said it would take winter sports into the backyard of the worlds most populated country. Chinese President Xi Jinping sent a letter of appreciation

4、to President Thomas Bach on Friday evening，expressing thanks to IOC for its trust and support in selecting Beijing together with Zhangjiakou as the host of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. The British Olympic Association (BOA) congratulated Beijing on winning the bid and believed the Ch

5、inese capital will host a “great” Winter Olympics. The capital promises a sustainable(可持续的) Olympics by taking full advantage of existing venues.And it will take a series of measures to deal with air pollution for a successful 2022 Games. Bid officials said winning the hosting rights for the 2022 Wi

6、nter Olympics will fuel regional integration between Beijing，Tianjin and Hebei Province，especially on transportation，air pollution control and tourism. 1Which of the following is right according to the passage? ABeijing is the only city to host 2022 Winter Olympics. BBeijing is the first city to hos

7、t both Summer and Winter Olympic Games. CBeijing is the winner of 2022 Winter Olympics after beating Kuala Lumpur. DIOC members held an opendoor meeting to vote for the winner to host the Winter Olympic Games. 2What is the meaning of the underlined word “stage” in the third paragraph? AFloor BLevel

8、CCelebrate DOrganize 3What will Beijing do in order to host a successful 2022 Games? ABeijing will prepare an allstar team to welcome the guests all over the world. BBeijing will fuel regional integration between Beijing，Tianjin and Hebei Province. CBeijing will make full use of the existing stadium

9、s and deal with air pollution. DBeijing will make itself more beautiful to attract the tourists all over the world. 4What is the main idea of the passage? ABeijing wins both Summer and Winter Games. BBOA congratulated Beijing on winning the bid. CAllstar team helps Beijing. DBeijing wins 2022 Winter

10、 Games bid. 【解析】1解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知正确选项为 B。 易错提醒：本题易误选 A：北京是举办 2022 年冬奥会的唯一城市。此选项错在“唯一”上，因为北京在举办 2022 年冬奥会的时候，还有张家口协办。 2解析：选 D。词义猜测题。根据句子 The highp-owered delegation assured IOC members that Beijing was the safe choice because it had already proved it could stage the Games and said it would take

11、 winter sports into the backyard of the worlds most populated country.可知此处的 stage 是动词“组织”的意思。 3解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知选项C 符合题意。 4解析：选 D。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了北京申办 2022年冬奥会成功的事。故选 D。 易错提醒：本题易误选 A。北京确实是成功申办夏季和冬季奥运会的国家，但本文重点讲述的是成功申办了冬奥会。 B(2018山东六校高三联考)Fourthgrade teacher Tori Nelson allowed one of her student

12、s to shave her head in the schoolyard, after bullies (仗势欺人者) teased him about his own buzz cut. Ms Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington State, was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a wint

13、er hat.Ms Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick curly brown hair, she realized that hed had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong, and he said hed gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this morning, a fifth grader on the bu

14、s made fun of him, and he didnt want to come to class and get teased by other kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules prohibited kids from wearing hats indoors he refused explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they

15、also made fun of him.“Finally I said, If you take your hat off and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too，” Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. “I figured its just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather.”Matthew excitedly took her u

16、p on the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as their teachers hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard.“It was a lot

17、 of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself，” said Ms Nelson. “You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isnt just about reading and writing; its about selfworth and accepting differences.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小男孩Matthew因新发型被其他孩子嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师Tori Nelson通过让Matthew帮

18、她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他的故事。1What mainly led to Matthews standing outside the classroom?AHis fear of being laughed at.BHis unwillingness to learn.CHis violating school rules.DHis not finishing his homework.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的内容尤其是最后一句“explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in

19、 case they also made fun of him”可知，Matthew不进教室的主要原因是他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑。故选A。2Why did Ms Nelson have her head shaved?ATo show sympathy for Matthew.BTo comfort and encourage Matthew.CTo prepare for the warm weather.DTo show her unique personality.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章主旨以及第一段的内容和第三段中的“If you take your hat off and com

20、e to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too”可知，Matthew因新发型而受到仗势欺人者的嘲笑，因害怕也被同学嘲笑，他不敢进教室，Nelson老师想出了让Matthew给她剪一个相同的发型的主意来帮助Matthew敢于面对他的同学，由此可知，Nelson老师这样做的目的是安慰并鼓励Matthew。故选B。3What is Ms Nelson like?AResponsible and caring.BKnowledgeable and creative.CHumorous and easygoing.DStout and determined.

21、解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Nelson老师在知道自己的学生Matthew因新发型遭到嘲笑，并暗自伤心，害怕也被同学嘲笑而拒绝进教室的情况之后，她决定让Matthew当众为其剪同样的寸头发型，以此安慰并鼓励Matthew，而不是将此事抛诸脑后，置之不理。由此可看出，Nelson老师是一位负责任的、关心他人的人。故选A。4What is the best title for the passage?AThe real meaning of teachingBStand up to school bullyingCTeach kids to respect differencesDA

22、haircut full of love解析：选D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，Matthew因新发型被学校里的仗势欺人者欺负、嘲笑，进而使他因害怕被其他同学嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师Tori Nelson通过让Matthew帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他，使他最终有勇气来面对这一欺凌现象。由此可知，D项为本文最佳标题。CThe history of Teachers Day traces back to the Han Dynasty (202 BC220 AD). According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on Augu

23、st 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, the emperor would go to the Confucius temple and pay tribute (敬意) to the ancient philosopher followed by court officials, and would also invite royal teachers to the imperial court for a banquet. On this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a days vacat

24、ion and were given dried meat as gifts.The capital, all states and counties would also hold ceremonies to worship Confucius. Excellent performing teachers would be chosen from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang (两) silver coins as awards.

25、Until the Qing Dynasty, the ceremony, on August 27, was of a larger scale. The teachers salaries in schools and academies around the nation were raised, and wellperforming teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to higher positions.Normally, an ancient teachers income included salary,

26、accommodation and festival gifts. There was no fixed tuition fee. Generally the parents paid teachers according to their household income. Both money and basic foodstuff could be paid in exchange for tuition.In private schools, teachers always received money or gifts from the host family at certain

27、festivals or at the beginning and end of each semester.The festivals in which teachers received gifts varied from region to region, while the most valued ones were the Duanwu, MidAutumn and Chinese New Year festivals, as well as Confucius birthday and the private tutors birthday.Among all the giftgi

28、ving festivals, the first meeting gift was a must. When students met their private tutors for the first time, they had to kneel down to Confucius spirit tablet and then to their private tutors, before presenting a “gift”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文主要介绍了中国教师节的由来及古代人们对教师表达敬意的方式。1The passage mainly talks about _ .

29、Athe teachers in ancient ChinaBthe Teachers Day in ancient ChinaCthe teachers high positions in ancient ChinaDthe teachers salaries in ancient China答案：B主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，本文主要讲了中国教师节的历史，包括其由来、礼仪等。所以选B。2How long has the Teachers Day been in China?A1,5002,500 years. B2,0003,000 years.C3,0004,000 years. D4

30、,0005,000 years.答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“The history of Teachers Day traces back to the Han Dynasty (202 BC220 AD)”可知，应选A。3What is the special gift for the teachers on the Teachers Day during the Han and Jin dynasties?AA higher position. BA day free.C500 liang silver coins. DDays vacation.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段

31、的最后一句“On this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a days vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.”可知，在汉朝和晋朝教师节这一天，全国的教师都可以休假一天，并且得到干肉作为礼物。4Whats the main idea of the last four paragraphs?AWhere teachers could get gifts in ancient China.BWhy teachers got gifts in ancient China.CHow teachers w

32、ere presented with gifts in ancient China.DWhen teachers received gifts in ancient China.答案：C段落大意题。文章后四段主要介绍了教师接收学生礼物的情况，即在哪些时间和场合收礼。A、D两项都只提到一方面，应排除。B项文章未提及。D(2018福州五校第一次联考)There is a popular saying in the English language：“Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Well, that is not true. Unkind words, namecalling or even the socalled “the si