高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读课堂综合练习十五附解析.docx
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高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读课堂综合练习十五附解析
2009年高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读课堂综合练习十五
一 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
“SesameStreet”hasbeencalled“thelongeststreetintheworld”.Thatisbecausethetelevisionprogrambythatnamecannowbeseeninsomanypartsoftheworld.ThatprogrambecameoneofAmerican’sexportssoonafteritwentontheairinNewYorkin1969.
IntheUnitedStatesmorethansixmillionchildrenwatchtheprogramregularly.Theviewersincludemorethanhalfthenation’spre-schoolchildren,fromeverykindofeconomic（经济的）,racial（种族的）,andgeographicalgroup.
Althoughsomeeducatorsobjecttocertainelementsintheprogram,parentspraiseithighly.Manyteachersalsoconsideritagreathelp,thoughsometeachersfindthatproblemsarisewhenfirstgraderswhohavelearnedfrom“SesameStreet”areinthesameclasswithchildrenwhohavenotwatchedtheprogram.
Testshaveshownthatchildrenfromallracial,geographical,andeconomicbackgroundshavebenefitedfromwatchingit.Thosewhowatchitfivetimesaweeklearnmorethanoccasional（偶然的）viewers.IntheUStheprogramisshownatdifferenthoursduringtheweekinordertoincreasethenumberofchildrenwhocanwatchitregularly.
Theprogramsallusesongs,stories,jokes,andpicturestogivechildrenabasicunderstandingofnumbers,lettersandhumanrelationships.Buttherearesomedifferences.Forexample,theSpanishprogram,producedinMexicoCity,devotesmoretimetoteachingwholewordsthantoteachingseparateletters.
Whyhas“SesameStreet”beensomuchmoresuccessfulthanotherchildren’sshows?
Manyreasonshavebeensuggested.Peoplementiontheeducationaltheories（理论）ofitscreators,thesupportbythegovernmentandprivate（私人的）businesses,andtheskillfuluseofavarietyofTVtricks.Perhapsanequallyimportantreasonisthatmotherswatchitalongwiththeirchildren.Thisispartlybecausefamousadultstarsoftenappearonit.Butthebestreasonforthesuccessoftheprogrammaybethatitmakeseverychildwatchingfeelabletolearn.Thechildfindshimselflearning,andhewantstolearnmore.
1.“SesameStreet”isactually_______.
A.astreetintheUSB.aprogramforchildren
C.aprogramforteachersD.aprogramforstudents
2.Childrenwhooftenwatchtheprogram_______.
A.canhaveproblemsinschool
B.willfinditagreathelp
C.willtakenointerestintheirstudies
D.willbewelleducated
3.Whatisspecialabouttheprogram?
A.Itoffersgreatfun.
B.Itmakeschildrenfeelabletolearn.
C.Itisshownatdifferenthoursduringtheweek.
D.Childrenlearnandenjoythemselveswhilewatching.
4.Whyis“SesameStreet”sopopularintheworld?
A.Becauseitissupportedbythegovernmentandbusinesses.
B.Becauseitusesavarietyofskillfultricks.
C.Becausemotherswatchitalongwiththeirchildren.
D.Becauseitmakeseverychildwatchingitfeelabletolearn.
5.Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe_______.
A.TVProgramsB.EducatingChildren
C.SesameStreetD.AGreatSuccess
B
Languagelearningbeginswithlistening.Childrenaregreatlydifferentintheamountoflisteningtheydobeforetheystartspeaking,andlaterstartersareoftenlonglisteners.Mostchildrenwill“obey”spokeninstructionssometimebeforetheycanspeak,thoughtheword“obey”ishardlyaccurateasadescriptionoftheeageranddelightedcooperationusuallyshownbythechildren.Beforetheycanspeak,manychildrenwillalsoaskquestionsbygestureandbymakingquestioningnoises.
Anyattempttostudythedevelopmentfromthenoisesbabiesmaketotheirfirstspokenwordsleadstoconsiderabledifficulties.Itisagreedthattheyenjoymakingnoises,andthatduringthefirstfewmonthsoneortwonoisessortthemselvesasparticularlyexpressiveasdelight,pain,friendliness,andsoon.Butsincethesecan’tbesaidtoshowthebaby’sintentiontocommunicate,theycanhardlyberegardedasearlyformsoflanguage.Itisagreed,too,thatfromaboutthreemonthstheyplaywithsoundsforenjoyment,andthatbysixmonthstheyareabletoaddnewwordstotheirstore.Thisself-imitation（模仿）leadsontodeliberate（有意的）imitationofsoundsmadeorwordsspokentothembyotherpeople.Theproblemthenarisesastothepointatwhichonecansaythattheseimitationscanbeconsideredasspeech.
Itisaproblemweneedtogetourteethinto.Themeaningofaworddependsonwhataparticularpersonmeansbyitinaparticularsituation;anditisclearthatwhatachildmeansbyawordwillchangeashegainsmoreexperienceoftheworld.Thustheuse,atsevenmonths,of“mama”asagreetingforhismothercannotbedismissedasameaning-lesssoundsimplybecausehealsousesitatanothertimeforhisfather,hisdog,oranythingelsehelikes.Playfulandmeaninglessimitationofwhatotherpeoplesaycontinuesafterthechildhasbeguntospeakforhimself.Idoubt,however,whetheranythingisgainedwhenparentstakeadvantageofthisabilityinanattempttoteachnewsounds.
6.Beforechildrenstartspeaking_______.
A.theyneedequalamountoflistening
B.theyneeddifferentamountsoflistening
C.theyarealleagertocooperatewiththeadultsbyobeyspokeninstructions
D.theycan’tunderstandandobeytheadult’soralinstructions
7.Childrenwhostartspeakinglate_______.
A.mayhaveproblemswiththeirlistening
B.probablydonothearenoughlanguagespokenaroundthem
C.usuallypaycloseattentiontowhattheyhear
D.oftentakealongtimeinlearningtolistenproperly
8.Ababy’sfirstnoisesare_______.
A.anexpressionofhismoodsandfeelings
B.anearlyformoflanguage
C.asignthathemeanstotellyousomething
D.animitationofthespeechofadults
9.Theproblemofdecidingatwhatpointababy’imitationscanbeconsideredasspeech_______.
A.isimportantbecausewordshavedifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople
B.isnotespeciallyimportantbecausethechangeovertakesplacegradually
C.isonethatshouldbeproperlyunderstoodbecausethemeaningofwordschangeswithage
D.isonethatshouldbecompletelyignored（忽略）becausechildren’suseofwordsisof-tenmeaningless
10.Thespeakerimplies_______.
A.parentscanneverhopetoteachtheirchildrennewsounds
B.childrennolongerimitatepeopleaftertheybegintospeak
C.childrenwhoaregoodatimitatinglearnnewwordsmorequickly
D.evenaftertheyhavelearnttospeak,childrenstillenjoyimitating
C
TheManofManySecrets—HarryHoudini—wasoneofthegreatestAmericanentertainersinthetheaterthiscentury.Hewasamanfamousforhisescapes—fromprisoncells,fromwoodenboxesfloatinginrivers,fromlockedtanksfullofwater.HeappearedintheatersalloverEuropeandAmerica.CrowdscametoseethegreatHoudiniandhis“magic”tricks.
Ofcourse,hissecretwasnotmagic,orsupernaturalpowers.Itwassimplystrength.Hehadtheabilitytomovehistoesaswellashemovedhisfingers.Hecouldmovehisbodyintoalmostanypositionhewanted.
Houdinistartedworkingintheentertainmentworldwhenhewas17,in1891.HeandhisbrotherTheoperformedcardtricksinclubinNewYork.TheycalledthemselvestheHoudiniBrothers.WhenHarrymarriedin1894,heandhiswifeBessworkedtogetherasmagicianandassistant.Butforalongtimetheywerenotverysuccessful.ThenHarryperformedhisfirstprisonescape,inChicagoin1898.Harrypersuadedadetectivetolethimtrytoescapefromtheprison,andheinvitedthelocalnewspapermentowatch.
Itwasthepublicity（宣传）thatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini’ssuccess.Harryhadfingerstrainedtoescapefromhandcuffsandtoestrainedtoescapeanklechins.Buthisbiggestsecretwashowheunlockedtheprisondoors.Everytimehewentintotheprisoncell,Bessgavehimakissforgoodluck—andasmallskeletonkey,whichisakeythatfitsmanylocks,passquicklyfromhermouthtohis.
Harryusedtheseprisonescapestobuildhisfame.Hearrangedtoescapefromthelocalprisonofeverytownhevisited.Intheafternoon,thepeopleofthetownwouldreadaboutitintheirlocalnewspapers,andintheeveningeveryseatinthelocaltheaterwouldbefull.Whatwastheresult?
World-wildfame,andanamerememberedtoday.
11.Accordingtothepassage,Houdini’ssuccessinprisonescapesdependson_______.
A.hisspecialtricksandsupernaturalpowers
B.hisunusualabilityandaskeletonkey
C.hismagictricksandinhumanpowers
D.hiswisdomandmagictricks
12.Inthefourthparagraph,theunderlinedword“this”refersto_______.
A.hisfirstprisonescapeB.theyear1898
C.thepublicityD.HarryHoudini’ssuccess
13.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHoudinibecamefamous_______.
A.in1894B.beforehemarried
C.attheageof17D.whenhewasabout24
14.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.ASkeletonKeyB.AManofManySecrets
C.World-wildFameD.GreatEscape
D
OnMay29,1973,ThomasBradley,ablackman,waselectedmayorofLosAngeles.LosAngelesisthethirdlargestcityintheUnitedStates,withapopulationofthreemillion.Aboutsixteenpercentofthecity’spopulationareblack.
NewsofthiselectionappearedonthefrontpagesofnewspaperseverywhereintheUnitedStates.Hereishowonemajornewspaperreportedtheevent:
LOSANGELESELECTSBRADLEYMAYORUNSEATINGYORTYBLACKWINS56%OFVOTES
BradleycalledhisvictoryoverYorty“thefulfillment（实现）ofadream”.Duringhischildhoodandyouth,peoplehadkepttellinghim,“Youcan’tdothis,youcan’tgothere,becauseyouareaNegro.”Neverthelesshehadwonadecisivevictoryoveramanwhohadbeenwon43.7percent.
LosAngelesvote
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