1980年联合国国际货物买卖合同公约中英对照版.docx
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1980年联合国国际货物买卖合同公约中英对照版
一、1980年联合国国际货物买卖合同公约
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中文
UnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods
THESTATESPARTIESTOTHISCONVENTION，
BEARINGINMINDthebroadobjectivesintheresolutionsadoptedbythesixthspecialsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsontheestablishmentofaNewInternationalEconomicOrder，
CONSIDERINGthatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitisanimportantelementinpromotingfriendlyrelationsamongStates，
BEINGOFTHEOPINIONthattheadoptionofuniformruleswhichgoverncontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoodsandtakeintoaccountthedifferentsocial，economicandlegalsystemswouldcontributetotheremovaloflegalbarriersininternationaltradeandpromotethedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,
HAVEDECREEDasfollows：
PARTISPHEREOFAPPLICATIONANDGENERALPROVISIONS
ChapterISPHEREOFAPPLICATION
Article1
（1）ThisConventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentStates：
（a）whentheStatesareContractingStates；or
（b）whentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthelawofaContractingState.
（2）ThefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusinessindifferentStatesistobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontractorfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract.
（3）NeitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilorcommercialcharacterofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetakenintoconsiderationindeterminingtheapplicationofthisConvention.
Article2
ThisConventiondoesnotapplytosales:
（a）ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract，neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse；
（b）byauction；
（c）onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;
（d）ofstocks,shares，investmentsecurities,negotiableinstrumentsormoney；
（e）ofships,vessels，hovercraftoraircraft；
（f）ofelectricity。
Article3
（1）Contractsforthesupplyofgoodstobemanufacturedorproducedaretobeconsideredsalesunlessthepartywhoordersthegoodsundertakestosupplyasubstantialpartofthematerialsnecessaryforsuchmanufactureorproduction。
（2）ThisConventiondoesnotapplytocontractsinwhichthepreponderantpartoftheobligationsofthepartywhofurnishesthegoodsconsistsinthesupplyoflabourorotherservices.
Article4
ThisConventiongovernsonlytheformationofthecontractofsaleandtherightsandobligationsofthesellerandthebuyerarisingfromsuchacontract。
Inparticular，exceptasotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisConvention，itisnotconcernedwith:
（a）thevalidityofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisionsorofanyusage；
（b）theeffectwhichthecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.（法国是合同订立时转移，德国另外订立物权合同,美国是特定化后转移所有权，英国是特定化后在以当事人的意图决定所有权，我国是动产按照占用交货时转移，不动产按登记。
）
Article5
ThisConventiondoesnotapplytotheliabilityofthesellerfordeathorpersonalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.
Article6
ThepartiesmayexcludetheapplicationofthisConventionor，subjecttoarticle12,derogatefromorvarytheeffectofanyofitsprovisions.
ChapterIIGENERALPROVISIONS
Article7
（1）IntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoitsinternationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade.
（2）QuestionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisConventionwhicharenotexpresslysettledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneralprinciplesonwhichitisbasedor，intheabsenceofsuchprinciples，inconformitywiththelawapplicablebyvirtueoftherulesofprivateinternationallaw。
Article8
（1）ForthepurposesofthisConventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartykneworcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas。
（2）Iftheprecedingparagraphisnotapplicable,statementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstandingthatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadinthesamecircumstances。
（3）Indeterminingtheintentofapartyortheunderstandingareasonablepersonwouldhavehad,dueconsiderationistobegiventoallrelevantcircumstancesofthecaseincludingthenegotiations,anypracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselves，usagesandanysubsequentconductoftheparties。
Article9
（1）Thepartiesareboundbyanyusagetowhichtheyhaveagreedandbyanypracticeswhichtheyhaveestablishedbetweenthemselves。
（2）Thepartiesareconsidered,unlessotherwiseagreed，tohaveimpliedlymadeapplicabletotheircontractoritsformationausageofwhichthepartieskneworoughttohaveknownandwhichininternationaltradeiswidelyknownto，andregularlyobservedby,partiestocontractsofthetypeinvolvedintheparticulartradeconcerned.
Article10
ForthepurposesofthisConvention：
（a）ifapartyhasmorethanoneplaceofbusiness,theplaceofbusinessisthatwhichhastheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,havingregardtothecircumstancesknowntoorcontemplatedbythepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract;
（b）ifapartydoesnothaveaplaceofbusiness，referenceistobemadetohishabitualresidence.
Article11
Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform。
Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.
Article12
Anyprovisionofarticle11,article29orPartIIofthisConventionthatallowsacontractofsaleoritsmodificationorterminationbyagreementoranyoffer,acceptanceorotherindicationofintentiontobemadeinanyformotherthaninwritingdoesnotapplywhereanypartyhashisplaceofbusinessinaContractingStatewhichhasmadeadeclarationunderarticle96ofthisConvention。
Thepartiesmaynotderogatefromorvarytheeffectorthisarticle.
Article13
ForthepurposesofthisConvention”writing”includestelegramandtelex.
PARTIIFORMATIONOFTHECONTRACT
Article14
（1）Aproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsconstitutesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatestheintentionoftheofferortobeboundincaseofacceptance。
Aproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegoodsandexpresslyorimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice。
（2）Aproposalotherthanoneaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsistobeconsideredmerelyasaninvitationtomakeoffers,unlessthecontraryisclearlyindicatedbythepersonmakingtheproposal.
Article15
（1）Anofferbecomeseffectivewhenitreachestheofferee.
（2）Anoffer，evenifitisirrevocable，maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheoffereebeforeoratthesametimeastheoffer。
Article16
（1）Untilacontractisconcludedanoffermayberevokediftherevocationreachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatchedanacceptance.
（2）However，anoffercannotberevoked:
（a）ifitindicates，whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceorotherwise,thatitisirrevocable；or
（b）ifitwasreasonablefortheoffereetorelyontheofferasbeingirrevocableandtheoffereehasactedinrelianceontheoffer.
Article17
Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,isterminatedwhenarejectionreachestheofferor.
Article18
（1）Astatementmadebyorotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassenttoanofferisanacceptance。
Silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitselfamounttoacceptance.
（2）Anacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreachestheofferor.Anacceptanceisnoteffectiveiftheindicationofassentdoesnotreachtheofferorwithinthetimehehasfixedor，ifnotimeisfixed，withinareasonabletime,dueaccountbeingtakenofthecircumstancesofthetransaction,includingtherapidityofthemeansofcommunicationemployedbytheofferor。
Anoraloffermustbeacceptedimmediatelyunlessthecircumstancesindicateotherwise.
（3）However，if,byvirtueoftheofferorasaresultofpracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselvesorofusage,theoffereemayindicateassentbyperforminganact,suchasonerelatingtothedispatchofthegoodsorpaymentoftheprice，withoutnoticetotheofferor,theacceptanceiseffectiveatthemomenttheactisperformed,providedthattheactisperformedwithintheperiodoftimelaiddownintheprecedingparagraph。
Article19
（1）Areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions，limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectionoftheofferandconstitutesacounter—offer.
（2）However,areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditionalordifferenttermswhichdonotmateriallyalterthetermsoftheofferconstitutesanacceptance,unlesstheofferor,withoutunduedelay,objectsorallytothediscrepancyordispatchesanoticetothateffect。
Ifhedoesnotsoobject，thetermsofthecontractarethetermsoftheofferwiththemodificationscontainedintheacceptance.
（2）Additionalordifferenttermsrelating，amongotherthings，totheprice，payment，qualityandquantityofthegoods,placeandtimeofdelivery，extentofoneparty’sliabilitytotheotherorthesettlementofdisputesareconsideredtoalterthetermsoftheoffermaterially.
Article20
（1）Aperiodoftim
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