小学葫芦丝校本教材.docx

小学葫芦丝校本教材.docx

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小学葫芦丝校本教材

前言

中小学生学习乐器，不仅可以开发智力，陶冶情操，还可以促进各个器官的协调发展，培养坚强的毅力，增强学生的音乐修养。

葫芦丝是我国民族器乐百花园中的一朵艳丽的奇葩，是我国极富少数民族色彩的一种吹管乐器。

它的历史可追溯到先秦时代。

葫芦丝音色独特优美，外观古朴，简单易学。

学习葫芦丝可以让我们更多更深地接受博大精深的民族音乐、民族文化的熏陶，使我们的生活更多姿多彩，令我们的人生更加丰厚。

葫芦丝简介

葫芦丝，属簧管耦合振动类乐器，共有高、中、低音3种类型，常用有D/E/F/G/A/B/等调。

各民族之间风土人情、地域环境的不同使得葫芦丝这种乐器在构造上也不尽相同。

葫芦丝音域不像大家熟悉的竹笛那样能达到三个八度以上，通常在9度以内，最多不超过11度，为民族调式音阶。

其音色轻柔细腻，圆润质朴，柔美迷人，极富表现力。

葫芦丝常用于吹奏山歌、小调等民间曲调，最适于演奏旋律流畅抒情的乐曲，《月光下的凤尾竹》、《情深意长》等成为其代表性的经典曲目。

葫芦丝在傣、阿昌等族人民中最为普及，是娱乐时助兴的乐器，在节日里，不论是在江中划龙舟或是在江边放“高升”，还是在广场上“赶摆”或是在竹楼里饮酒欢宴，都可以听到其动听的声音。

青年男女传情达意或人们走在路上以及在田间劳动，也经常吹响葫芦丝，为人们的生活增添了许多欢乐。

一、基本音练习

葫芦丝结构图·····························1

筒音作5指法表····························2

3、2、1、7、6练习····························3

5、5、6练习································4

4、3练习····································5

《小星星》·······························5

《欢乐颂》·······························5

《两只老虎》······························5

《粉刷匠》·······························5

二、初级乐曲练习26首

1.《我和你》······························6

2.《龙的传人》·······························6

3.《望春风》······························7

4.《柳树姑娘》·····························7

5.《金孔雀轻轻跳》··························8

6.《荷塘月色》····························8

7.《婚誓》······························8

8.《映山红》······························9

9.《摇篮曲》······························9

10.《军港之夜》······························10

11.《阿瓦人民唱新歌》···························10

12.《阿里里》······························11

13.《金风吹来的时候》···························11

14.《采蘑菇的小姑娘》··························12

15.《妈妈的吻》·····························13

16.《军中绿花》·····························13

17.《高山青》······························14

18.《菊花台》······························14

19.《甜蜜蜜》······························15

20.《虫儿飞》······························15

21.《美丽的神话》····························16

22.《小螺号》······························17

23.《半个月亮爬上来》··························17

24.《芦笙舞》······························18

25.《沂蒙山小调》····························18

26.《小苹果》······························19

三、中级乐曲练习6首

1.《月光下的凤尾竹下的》·························20

2.《瑶族舞曲》······························21

3.《多情的巴乌》·····························22

4.《月夜》································23

5.《竹楼情歌》······························24

6.《湖边的孔雀》·····························25

四、高级乐曲练习5首

1.《竹林深处》······························26

2.《侗乡之夜》······························27

3.《欢乐的日子》·····························28

4.《欢乐的泼水节》·····························29

5.《瑶族舞曲》·····························31

葫芦丝结构图

筒音作5指法表（包括低音3）

一、基本练习筒音作5

1、“3”音练习（mi）开12345孔，闭67孔。

4／43－3－｜333－｜3333｜3－－－║

2、“2”音练习（rei）开1234孔，闭567孔。

4／42－2－｜222－｜2222｜2－－－║

3、“1”音练习（do）开123孔，闭4567孔。

4／41－1－｜111－｜1111｜1－－－║

4、练习曲

4／4我爱葫芦丝

3212｜333－｜222－｜333－｜

3212｜3333｜2232｜1－－－║

5、练习曲

2／4

1231｜2－｜3123｜1－｜312｜132｜1323｜1－║

6、“7”音练习（低音si）开12孔，闭34567孔。

4／47－7－｜777－｜7777｜7－－－║

7、练习曲

4／4

1712321｜21271－｜2321232｜31271－║

8、练习曲

2／4

1231｜2－｜3127｜1－｜232｜372｜1327｜1－║

9、“6”音练习（低音la）开1孔，闭234567孔。

4／46－6－｜666－｜6666｜6－－－║

10、练习曲

2／4

1661｜2－｜1231｜6－｜1661｜312｜1216｜1－║

11、练习曲

2／4

6123｜2－｜3216｜1－｜6123｜132｜3212｜6－║

12、“5”音练习（低音sol）全闭。

4／45－5－｜555－｜5555｜5－－－║

13、练习曲2／4

156567｜1－｜312123｜3－｜

632321｜656｜121656｜5－║

14、练习曲4／4

56756－｜76566－｜672327｜27675－║

15、“5”音练习（中音sol）开123456孔，闭7孔。

4／45－5－｜555－｜5555｜5－－－║

16、练习曲4／4

3516｜5－｜2356｜1－｜

235｜261｜3556｜1－║

17、“6”音练习（高音la）全开。

4／46－6－｜666－｜6666｜6－－－║

18、练习曲

4／4

3565｜6－｜5665｜3－｜356｜563｜5321｜6－║

19、“4”音练习（fa）开6孔，闭123457孔。

4／4

4－4－｜444－｜4444｜4－－－║

20、练习曲

4／4小星星

1155｜665－｜4433｜221－｜5544｜332－｜

5544｜332－｜1155｜665－｜4433｜221－║

21、练习曲

4／4欢乐颂

3345｜5432｜1123｜3·22－｜

3345｜5432｜1123｜2·11－｜

2231｜23431｜23432｜125－｜

3345｜5432｜1123｜2·11－║

22、练习曲

4／4两只老虎

1231｜1231｜345－｜345－｜

565431｜565431｜251－｜251－║

23、练习曲

2／4粉刷匠

5353｜531｜2431｜5－｜5353｜531｜2432｜1－｜

2244｜315｜2432｜5－｜5353｜531｜2432｜1－║

24、“3”音练习（mi）全闭。

4／4

3－3－｜333－｜3333｜3－－－║

二、初级乐曲练习26首

三、中级乐曲练习6首

四、高级乐曲练习5首