状语从句.docx

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状语从句.docx

状语从句

一.时间状语从句

时间状语从句是由when,as,while,after,before,since,until,assoonas等从属连词引导的状语从句。

1.when当…的时候

WhenIgrowup,Iwilltravelaroundtheworld.

WewerewatchingTVwhensuddenlythelightwentout.

WhenIfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobedatonce.

Whenhismothercameback,Tomhadalreadygonetoschool.

2.while①当。

时表示主从句的动作同时发生,while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是持续动词或状态,用进行时;也允许主从句都用进行时。

Hevisitedalotofplaceswhilehewastraveling.

Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswashinghiscar.

②表示对比,解释为“而”

Theyusedtobemiddleschoolclassmates.Nowheisadoctorwhilesheisstillstudyingabroad.

3.as在…的同时;一边…一边…

 Hesmiledashestoodup.

Aswewalked,wetalked.

JustasIwasleaving,thetelephonerang.(用justas表示两件事在时间上很接近)

4.since自。

以来,到现在

 表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。

主句动词必须是持续动词,一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。

MrGreenhastaughtinthatschoolsincehecametochinathreeyearsago.

 还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用时间状语短语:

sincethreeyearsago表示。

★特殊句型:

Itis+一段时间+since

 Itisfiveyearssincewemetlasttime.=Wemetlasttimefiveyearsago.

5.till/until

 都可以作连词,连接时间状语,till在口语中用的较多,句首一般用until,而不用till。

Theywalkedtill/untilitwasdark.(主句动词是持续动词)

 XiaoMingdidn’tleavehometill/untilhisfathercameback.(主句动词是瞬间动词)

6.bythetime到。

为止(所在句子的主句用过去完成式完成时)

 BythetimeIgottoschool,theclasshadalreadybegun.

★难点——as/when/while的辨析

as/when/while都表示主、从句动作同时发生,三者差异如下:

as表示“一边。

一边"的意思,强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时用于发生时间较段时

when还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作"之前"或"之后"发生。

while①用于时间较长时

②强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时

有时这三个连词可以互换,有时不可以。

注意

1.Itwasraininghardwhen(as)Igotthere.

(动作同时发生,when可换为as,但不能换为while,因为get是瞬间动词.)

2.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.

(从句的动作发生在主句之后,只能用when,并要注意时态)

3.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,while,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.

(表转折,对比,when,as都不能代替)

4.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyas(when/while)fatherwasaway.

(此时as,when,while可通用)

二.条件状语从句

条件状语从句常用连词:

if,unless

1.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgohiking.

2.Youwillbelateunlessyouleaveimmediately

=Ifyoudon’tleaveimmediately,youwillbelate.

用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.

三.原因状语从句

原因状语从句常用连词:

because,since,as,nowthat

Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.

在语气上最重,表示的是直接理由,回答why时只能用它;不能与so连用。

Since/Nowthateverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.

表示双方已知的事实或理由,强调未发生的结果。

Asyouareinpoorhealth,youshouldnotstayuplate.

表示双方已知的事实或理由,强调已发生或经常发生的结果。

四.结果状语从句

结果状语从句中常用连词:

so…that,such…that

1.so+形容词或副词+that

such+形容词+任何名词+that

Thescientist’sreportwassoattractivethatwewereallveryexcited.

Healwaysstudiedsohardthathemadegreatprogress.

It’ssuchniceweatherthatallofuswanttogotothepark.

2.so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that

such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that

Mikeissohonestamanthatweallbelievehim.

=Mikeissuchanhonestmanthatweallbelievehim.

3.somany/much/few/little(少的)+名词+that

I’vehadsomanyfallsthatI’mblackandblueallover.

TherearesofewnotebooksthatIcan’tgiveyouany.

五.目的状语从句

目的状语从句中常用连词:

sothat,inorderthat

I’llrunslowlysothatyoucancatchupwithme.

Iopenedthewindowsothatfreshairmightcomein.

从句的谓语里常有can,could,may,might,will,would等情态动词。

六.让步状语从句

让步状语从句中常用连词:

though,although

though,although都不能和but连用,但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用

Althoughheisrichbutheisnothappy.(×)

Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.(√)

Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentstreatusaschildren.(√)

Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.(√)

填入适当的状语从句连词

1.______youwon’thelpme,Imustdoitmyself.

2.ShedislikesJohn’smanners______sheenjoyshislecture.

3.Wewillsendthemoney______thegoodsaredelivered.

4.Iwilltellyouthesecret______youdon’ttellanyoneelseaboutit.

5.______thepupilswalkedalongthestreet,theysanghappily.

6.Thesingerclearedhisthroat______hebegantosingasong.

7.Maryalwaystakesaseatinthefrontrow______shecanhearbetter.

8.Theliftwasoutoforderyesterday,______wehadtowalktothe16thfloor.

9.______IwasinNewYork,Ioftenhadmealsinthatfastfoodrestaurant.

10.Wedidn’tnoticeanythingwrongwiththecomputer______westartedusingit.

11.Theyoungdoctorwasabitnervous______itwashisfirsttimetooperateonapatient.

12.Theelephanthas______strongabody______itcandoheavyworkforpeople.

13.Mr.Greenhasbeentomanyplaces______hecametoourcountry.

14.Johnsaid______hewouldphoneus______hegottoAmerica.

15.______youlikeitverymuch,I’llletyouhavethebike.

16.______shesearchedthewholeroom,thegirlwouldn’tfindarightcoatforherself.

17.Janewas______acarefulgirl______shefinishedhertestpaperwithoutanymistakes.

18.Therewere______manypeople______Icouldn’tfindMary.

19.Themanhadsomeofhisteethpulledout______hecouldn’teatanythinghard.

动词+复合宾语:

(一)在动词see,watch,hear,feelnotice后面的复合宾语中作宾语的不定式,要省略to:

See/hear/watch/noticesomebodydosomething

Ioftenheartheboysinginthenextroom.

Whatdidyounoticetheladywear?

(二)使役动词have,make,let后面的复合宾语中作宾语的不定式,要省略to:

Hermothermadehercleantheroom.

她的妈妈让她打扫房间。

wehaveherjoinus.

我们让她假如我们。

(三)See/watch/notice/hear等动词后面可以跟名词(代词)加现在分词,也可以跟名词(代词)加不带to的不

定式(作宾语补足语)。

区别:

跟现在分词:

表示动作正在进行;

跟不带to的不定式:

表示动作全过程。

IsawJennyplayingthepianowhenIpassedherroom.

IsawJennygoupstairs.

Wesawalittlegirlplayingthepiano.我们看到一个小女孩在弹钢琴。

Wesawalittlegirlplaythepiano.我们看到一个小女孩弹钢琴的。

翻译:

Shehearssomeonesinginginthehall.

我们看见一个小男孩在河边玩耍的。

I.Choosethebestanswer.(20分)

()1.A:

HowcanIsend_________urgentletter,sir?

B:

Oh,you'dbetterasktheclerkoverthereforhelp.

A.aB.anC.theD./

()2.TheMoonlightSonatasounds___________.

A.wellB.beautifulC.wonderfullyD.badly

()3.Totell_________thetruth,Iamverysorryforthedeadchildrenintheearthquake.

A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself

()4.Thebosswantedtohire_______workerstodo_____work.

1)few,moreB.more,fewC.fewer,moreD.more,less

()5.Whatwillourlifebelike________?

A.intenyear'stimeB.intenyears'timeC.fortenyears'timeD.fortenyear'stime

()6.--Yourclothesare________.Maybeyoushouldbuysomenewclothes.

--Ithinkso,Idon'tlookcool.

A.instyleB.outofthestyleC.outofstyleD.inthestyle

()7.Whataresomethings_______happenonsoapoperas?

A.thatB.whatC.itD.where

()8.Itmademethinkaboutdifferences________foodculture________Chinaandwesterncountries.

1)in,betweenB.between,inC.from,betweenD.between,in

()9.Ontheirwayhomethey________agroupofboystalkingnearthepark.

1sawB.lookedC.foundoutD.watched

()10.Couldyoutellmewhen______leaveforLondon?

A.willyouB.youwillC.wouldyouD.youwould

()11.Areyousureyoucanmakethebaby_________?

A.stoppingcryingB.stopstocryC.tostopcryD.stopcrying

()12._______didheweighwhenhewassixyearsold?

A.HowbigB.HowmuchC.HowmanyD.Howweight

()13.Letmetellyouwhatthejob______.I’msureyouwillbeinterested.

A.includeB.involveC.includesD.involves

()14.--LittleKatedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday,didshe?

--Yes,shedid,_________itrainedheavilyyesterday.

A.becauseB.thoughC.butD.if

()15.Whenwegottothestation,thetrain________.

A.leftB.hasleftC.hadleftD.hadbeenleft

()16.It’sgoingtorainthisafternoon.._______yougo,you’dbettertakeyourumbrellawithyou.

A.NomatterB.NomatterhowC.NomatterwhatD.Nomatterwhere

()17.Theteachertoldme______lateforschoolagain.

A.nottobeB.don'tbeC.don'ttobeD.notbe

()18.Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.

A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry

()19.He_______theArmybytheendof1989.He______inthearmysincethen.

A.joined...isB.hasjoined...hasbeenC.hadjoined...isD.hadjoined...hasbeen

()20.--Ifyouhaveanytrouble,besuretocallme.

--________________.

A.IamabletohearthatB.Iwill,thankyouverymuch

C.IhopesoD.Thankgoodness

II.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.(8分)

1.Mysisterworksas__________(library)

2.Everyoneknowsthe____________ofkeepinghealthy.(important)

3.Let'staketheliftuptotherestaurantonthefloor.(twenty)

4.TheBird’sNesthasbecomeoneofthemost_________placesofinterestinBeijing.(attract)

5.Outdooreducationcampprovidesalotofoutdoor__________forstudents.(act)

6._________isthemostimportantthingtous.(honest)

7.The______examsusuallytakeplaceattheendofJune.(finally)

8.WangWei,theyoungpilot,_________forourcountry.(dead)

III.Rewritethesentencesasrequired.(12分)

1.Thedoctoradvisedthepatienttotakethismedicinethreetimesaday.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________thedoctoradvisethepatienttotakethismedicine?

2.Thesquareisverybig.Itcanholdthousandsofpeople.(合并为一句)

Thesquareis__________________________holdthousandsofpeople.

3.It’sfuntohaveapicniconamountain.(改感叹句)

_______________itistohaveapicniconamountain!

4.Putonyourcoat,oryou'llcatchacold.(保持原句意思)

__________you__________putonyourcoat,you'llcatchacold.

5.Myclassmateswrotethearticlejustnow.(改为被动语态))

Thearticle________________bymyclassmatesjustnow.

A.TrueorFalse(判断下列句子是否符合短文内容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示,填入空格内):

(共6分)

(A)

Todaypeoplecanusethetelephonetotalkwithothersalmostanywhereontheearth.Butwhenyouusethe

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