中英文翻译.docx

中英文翻译.docx

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中英文翻译

中英文翻译

China'sautomobilepassivesecurityresearchafternearly10yearsofhistory,hashadagoodbeginning.Infaw,no.2,days,ministryofZifarmsandtsinghuauniversityhaveestablishedthecarcrashtestfacilities,withtheimplementationofChina'scarcrashregulationsability.Chinaautomobilepassivesafetytesttechnologyhasmadesignificantprogressanddevelopment.In2001,SAE（Americanmotorcarengineerassociation）chairmantakeafterthisvisittoChina,dailamforus

Havesuchafastdevelopmentspeedwonder,toourworkhasgivenfullaffirmation.Review,China'sautomotiveengineeringsocietyautosafetytechnologyprofessionalcommitteewasestablishedinthepastsevenyears,weretheseventhconference,indrivinganddevelopmentofautomotivesafetytechnologyandplayanimportantrole.Thistheresultobtain,firstisduetoChina'sautomotiveengineeringsocietyundertheleadershipofthevigorouslysupportandthecorrectleadership,andourtheautomotiveengineeringpersonageofpositiveeffortstoworkcloselyrelated.Lookingbackoverthepastandlookingintothefuture,Chinaautomobilepassivesafetytechnicaldevelopment.

First，aboutChinaautomobilesafetyregulations

TheChinesegovernmentregulation,alreadyissued~batchofenforcingstandards,includingpositivecrashregulationsfornewmodelsin2000,alreadybegantodemand,inlate2002beforerequiresthatallnewproductionofM1vehiclessuchasachievesfrontalcrashregulations.Inimplementingregulationsinspectionprocess,alsofullyrevealedsomehomemadevehiclesintheoccupantprotectionperformanceproblems:

1）crewlivingspaceisnotfullyguarantee,2）nofullyabsorbtheautomobilebodyfrontcollisionenergy,causebodyacceleratedspentbig:

3）seatbeltsqualityunreliabilityoftenhappenfailure;4）safetybeltmountinginsufficientstrength;5）windshieldisbad,6）fuelsystemleakaftertwoyearsofwork,intheseareashaveimprovedgreatly,nowtherearequiteafewi reachedregulations.However,theinternationalregulationsdevelopmentchangequickly,continuouslyimprovedandimproved,soneedtoclosetrackingandresearch,timelycorrectionourregulationsandstandards,andgraduallyincreasethenewcontents.

Atpresent,ourcountryisnowstudyingandbrewinghasthefollowingrules:

maximumseatbelttocrewmemberofprotection.Recentdevelopmentofpretautharnesscouldevidentlyincreasethecollisionoccurstooccupantprotection,shouldbephasedin.

Airbagsindevelopedcountrieshasuniversalusetheoccupantprotectiondevice,itcangreatlyreducetheuseofHigh-speedcollisioncrewmortality.Atpresent,airbagshasbecomeAmericancarsonthemandatoryconfiguration,InEuropethereisgreatinstallationproportion.Airbags）hasbeenwidelyusedinourcountry,luxrouscars,

Low-gradecarhasalsostartedtouse.Domesticautomobileinstallonairbagsmostlyforimports,foreignsomefamousenterprises,suchasAutolivTRW,Breed,Delphi,etcinairbagstechnologyhasmoremature,Butairbagsthecorecontrolandmatchingtechnologyishighlyconfidentialinformation.Someofthecountry'sspiritbagfactory,tryFigureindependentdevelopmentandmasterairbagscontrolandmatchingtechnology,althoughjuststart,butalsohasachievedconsiderableProgress.Autocrashworthinessresearchistoguaranteetheoccupantsafetypremise,carifwithoutcertaincrashworthiness,crewSpaceunreliability,occupantprotectionsystemalsoshouldnotremovetheprotectiveeffect.SomedomesticunithasmadeSufficienttodependononeselfoftechnicalforce,throughseveralroundsofthesimulatedcalculationimprovementandcrashtest,theoriginalcartouchBumpsecurityrisestoanewlevel,thisisverywelcomedevelopment.

Third,Virtualcomputingtechnology

Usevirtualcomputingtechnology,canbeinautomobiledesignanddevelopmentstages,decreasingtheamountofrealvehiclecollisiontryCheck,shortenedproductdevelopmentcycles,greatlyreducedevelopmentcosts.CommonlyusedcarcrashsimulationsoftwareLSDYNA,PAMCRASH--,MSCetc.Beforemasswereingiantcomputerandcalculation,thesehardwarefacilitiesareveryexpensive.RecentdevelopingwidespreadmultipleCPUmicrocomputersystemserver,onthesysteminstallationcorrespondingparallelcomputingsoftware,canaccordingtoneedtoconfirmnodenumber.Atthemeeting,haveIBMandlenovocompanyinstallationparallelcomputingsoftwareexhibitionserver,throughapplicationofsuchsoftwareandhardware,cangreatlyimprovethecalculationspeed,speedingupthestructureimprovementscheme.Themeetingonsomeofthereportalsousedthetechnology,enableourcarcrashsimulationworkmoreonthefirstfloor.Throughimprovingthecalculatingatestrepeatedlyimprovedcalculatingatest,acceleratedgreatlyimprovethesafetyofthecollision.

Fourth，Automotivesafetyandtrafficmedicalresearchonthecombinationof

Automotivesafetyandtrafficmedicalcombinationisanimportantsubjectdevelopmentdirection,theU.S.withmanyyearstime,inalotofbodiestestandimpactinjurybiomechanicsresearchisdevelopedonthebasisofthecollisiontestwiththefalseman,formulatethehumanbodyeachdamageindex.Atpresent,thehumanbodymanyorgansdamagemechanismresearchisjustanearlystage,thehumanbodyisaverycomplicatedsystem,includingbone,ligament,skin,andevenmoremicrovesselsandnerves,etc,willbeveryclearinthedamagemechanismandmutualaskedeffectrelation,needlongtime,agreatdealofresearch.TheChinesepeople'sliberationarmythirdmilitarymedicaluniversitytrafficinstituteintheChineseacademyofmedicalWangZhengGuoacademicianmedicaldirectorofdivision,undertheleadershipofthetrafficinjuryintreatmentofwoundsandcrashdamagemechanismshavecarriedoutextensiveresearch,andyieldedpositiveresults.Wetheautomotiveengineeringvariousaspectsalsobegintovalueinshockdamagebiomechanicalstudy,tomedicalprogress.Tsinghuauniversityandthirdmilitarymedicaluniversityestablish"automotivesafetyandtrafficmedicine"associatedlaboratory,thecombinationoftwodisciplinesdevelopmentunveilednewcurtain.Throughsuchdisciplinarycombinationanddevelopment,willinevitablyChinaautomobilepassive（collision）safetytechnologyimprovetoanewlevel.

Fifth，Autopassivesafetytechnologydevelopmenttrend

Atpresent,thecarpassivesafetytechnologydevelopmentmainlyconcentratedintheoccupantprotectionsystemimprovementanddevelopment.Toseatbeltsofimprovement,oneistosolveribbondamagetohumanbodyquestion,someonthechestofasmallballoon,hangtagsjacketinsomewaysofimprovingribbonenergyabsorptionsex.Anotheristosolvethebeltafteracrashasearlyaspossiblerolewasinstalledinchargeofcontainersseatbeltvolumesofvariouspretautinstitutions.Oneneednotoccupantaction,fullyautomaticwornonoccupantphysicalpassivebelthasalsoloadinguse,buthasnotbeenpopular.Gasbagimprovementismainlydevelopnewgasgeneratorandmorereasonableignition/noignitiondiscriminationalgorithm.Currentlyingasgeneratorofgasesoccurwithinmoreforsolidfoldagentsodium,itsdetonatednitrideafterproducedgasmustbefilteredtofillingtoask,butalsoitsresiduestillneedtreatment.Insteadofonewayisbyincreasingtypeinflatabledevice,whichafewsolidfuelheatingstoredgas,MethodstwoisUSESorganicgasesoccuragent;Methodsthreeistousecombustiblegasmixture.Sideimpactprotectionwithairbagsystemalreadybeingdeveloped,somealreadyloading,itattemptstosolveinshortertime（aboutarecollisiongasbag1/3）insidesensingdetonatedandaeratedproblems,andinstallation,launchedthespaceislittle,closetoasktherapidexpansionofpossibleinjuryandcrewproblem.Torealizetocrewmember'spinchbetterprotection,wemustunderstandthehumanbodystructureanddamagemechanism,itneedstoautomobileindustryandmedicine,insurancetotheconcertedTaiwan,asmuchaspossibleabouttheoccupantshape,sizecollecteddamagedegreeandthecollisionofdata,combinedbodybiomechanics,makescientificdamageassessmentstandards,developabetteroccupantprotectiondevice.AlthoughChina'sautomobilepassivesecurityresearchworkhistoryislessthan10years,butwearealreadyinthesafetyregulations,multiplecrashtest,belts,balloonetc,doalotofworkandachievedremarkableresults.Especiallyhaveformedapassivesafetyworkinautoteam,istoimprovethesecurityofChina'sautomobileworkingactively.

我国汽车被动安全性研究经过了近十年的历程，已经有了一个良好的开端。

在一汽、二汽、天滓、交通部试验场和清华大学都建立了汽车碰撞试验设施，具备了执行中国汽车碰撞法规的能力。

中国汽车被动安全试验技术有了显著的进步和发展。

2001年，SAE（美国汽车工程师协会）主席带囡来华参观后，对我们

有如此快的发展速度感到十分惊奇，对我们的工作给予了充分肯定。

回顾一下，中国汽车工程学会汽车安全技术专业委员会成立7年来，共了七届学术会议，在推动和发展汽车安全技术方面，发挥了重要的作用。

这成绩的取得，首先是由于中国汽车工程学会领导的大力支持和正确领导，也和我们汽车工程界人士的积极努力工作密切相关。

回首过去，展望未来，就中国汽车被动安全技术的发展。

一、关于中国汽车安全法规

按照中国政府规定，已出台～批强制执行的标准，其中包括正面碰撞法规求，新车型在2000年已开始要求，在2002年底前要求所有新生产的M1类车辆均达到正面碰撞法规要求。

在贯彻执行法规检验的过程中，也充分暴露了一些国产车型在乘员保护性能上存在的问题：

1）乘员生存空间没有充分保证；2）汽车车体前端没有充分吸收碰撞的能量，造成车身加速度过大：

3）安全带的质量得不到保证经常发生失效；4）安全带固定点强度不够；5）风挡玻璃不好；6）燃油系统泄漏经过这两年的工作，在这些方面都有了较大提高，现在有相当多的国产车达到了法规要求。

但是，国际上的法规发展变化很快，在不断提高和改进，所以需要紧密跟踪和研究，及时修正我国的法规和标准，并逐步增加新的内容。

目前，我国正在研究和酝酿的有以下几项法规：

（1）侧撞法规

在我国1999年发生的各类交通事故中，侧面碰撞发生的频次很高，占所有

事故数的32．27％，死亡人数占所有死亡人数的23．60％，仅次于正面碰撞的致死率，受伤人数占所有受伤人数的31．62％，居第一位。

所以，如何提高中国车辆在侧撞时的安全性能已成为迫在眉睫的事情，国家也已将侧撞法规的制定纳入了“十五”规划。

（2）追尾碰撞法规

1999年，我国各类交通事故中，追尾碰撞的比例为18．96％，居第三位，由此造成的直接经济损失5．05亿元，居第二位。

追尾碰撞多发生在高速公路上，一旦发生追尾碰撞，很有可毹出现多辆汽车碰撞的恶性交通事故。

在我国7258法规中已经规定了卡车安装防尾撞装置，但尚未正式执行。

（3）行人保护法规

我国交通状况的～个基本状况是，路面上行人和自行车较多，1999年我国

交通事故中行人死亡比例为25．96％，自行车为16．49％，分别居第一和第三位。

所以如何制定对易受侵害的人员提供保护的法规，降低居高不下的交通事故死亡人数是十分必要的。

除此之外，关于安全气囊的使用和匹配的相关法规在我国也是急需研究和制定的。

二、乘员保护系统和改进汽车耐撞性的发展

汽车乘员保