高中英语状语从句讲解及练习含答案.docx

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高中英语状语从句讲解及练习含答案.docx

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高中英语状语从句讲解及练习含答案.docx

高中英语状语从句讲解及练习含答案

高中英语状语从句讲解及练习(含答案)

状语从句

状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:

时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。

一、时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的连词有:

when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。

时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。

1.When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。

1)When

Eg:

WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.

注意点:

when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。

Eg:

When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.

2)As

As除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”

Eg:

Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)

Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)

3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。

Eg:

Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.

While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.

注意点:

while有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。

eg:

Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.

2.until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。

肯定句:

Iwaiteduntilmidnight.

否定句:

Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.

注意点:

1)notuntil…在句首,主句用倒装

eg:

NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.

2)Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句

Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.

3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”

eg:

Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.

注意点:

theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time作连词不和when连用。

4.Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”

eg:

Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.

Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.

注意点:

Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首,主句用倒装

eg:

HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.

NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.

二条件状语从句

条件状语从句分为两大类:

真实条件句和虚拟条件句。

引导条件状语从句的连词有:

if,evenif/though,unless/if…not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing(that),onconditionthat等。

条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。

1.unless和if…not

unless相当于if…not

eg:

Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.

Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.

注意点:

在虚拟条件句中可用if…not,但不能用unless

eg:

Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.

2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词:

Eg:

Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.

Eg:

Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.

Eg:

Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.

三让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词有:

though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。

1.though,although不可与but连用,但可以和yet,still连用.

Eg:

Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.

注意点:

1)though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装),结构为:

强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分,强调对象可为表语(名词、形容词)或状语(副词),表语为名词时,前面不用冠词。

Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.

Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.

2)despite和inspiteof也有让步意义,后接名词或动词,而though,although是连词,后接从句。

Eg:

Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.

Though/althoughshewantedtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.

2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”

eg:

Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.

Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.

注意点:

nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句

3.evenif/though表示“即使”

eg:

Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.

四原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句的连词有:

because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等

1.because

because语气最强,通常用于回答why提出的问题

注意点:

在itwas…that…的强调结构中,强调原因状语从句可用because引导,不用since,as,for引导。

Eg:

Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.

2.since和as

since的语气比because弱,比as强,表示间接的,已知的原因,自然的结果,表示“既然,由于”。

Eg:

As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.

3.for

当for表示原因关系时,for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。

Eg:

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.

五目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的连词有:

sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。

Eg:

Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.

Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.

Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.

注意点:

lest,incase,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中,动词可以用虚拟语气,形式为should+动词原形,也可不用虚拟语气,用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。

Eg:

Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.

六结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的连词有:

sothat,so…that,such…that等

eg:

Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.

Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.

1.常用句型:

so+形容词/副词+that从句

so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句

such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句

such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句

2.so和such的搭配规律

such修饰名词或名词词组,so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,much,little等。

Eg:

sofoolishsuchafool

soniceaflowersuchaniceflower

somany/fewflowerssuchniceflowers

somuch/littlemoneysuchrapidprogress

somanypeoplesuchalotofpeople

七比较状语从句

引导比较状语从句的连词有:

as…as,than,notso…as,themore…themore等

如:

HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)

Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)

Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.

Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.

连接词than可作为关系代词用。

  如:

Hewrotemorethanwasnecessary

Don’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded

八地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词有:

where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等

eg:

Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.

WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.

注意点:

eg:

IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.(地点状语从句)

IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.(定语从句)

九方式状语从句

引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though(一般用虚拟语气, 也有用直陈语气的)等。

EG:

Justdoasyouaretold.

Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.

Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.

在justas---,so---结构中, as带有比喻含义。

 意为“正如”, 多用于正式文体。

 

EG:

Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.

theway也可引导方式状语从句 。

 

EG:

youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.

1.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_______itisneeded.

A.unless                                                 B.since

C.although                                              D.when

2.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity________hereachestheendofthestory.

A.when                                                  B.unless

C.after                                                   D.until

3._______Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.

A.Eventhough                                        B.Unless

C.Aslongas                                           D.while

4Youwillsucceedintheend____yougiveuphalfway.

A.evenif                                                B.asthough

C.aslongas                                            D.unless

5.“Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?

”“Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.”

A.after                                                   B.unless

C.until                                                    D.when

6._____Isuggest,healwaysdisagrees.

A.However                                             B.Whatever

C.Whichever                                           D.Whoever

7.Youshouldputonthenotices______allthepeoplemayseethem.

A.where                                                 B.inwhich

C.at                                                       D.forthem

8._____shegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.

A.Wherever                                            B.However

C.Whichever                                           D.Whoever

9.Maryclappedherhandoverhermouth_______sherealizedwhatshehadsaid.

A.while                                                  B.assoonas

C.suddenly                                             D.then

10.________herfaults,she’sArnold’smother.Don’tbesorudetoher.

A.Whatever                                            B.What

C.Whichever                                           D.Whenever

11.____you’regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.

A.Nowthat                                             B.After

C.Although                                             D.Assoonas

12.IthoughtshewastheverygirlthatIshouldmarry_______Imether.

A.firsttime                                             B.forthefirsttime

C.thefirsttime                                        D.bythefirsttime

13.Don’tplaybytheriver_______youfallinanddrown!

A.incase                                                B.sothat

C.inorderthat                                         D.when

14.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?

A.that                   B.whereC.which                             D.when

15.Heisbetterthan_______Ilastvisitedhim.

A.when                B.thatC.how                                D.which

16._______thepunishmentwasunjust,heaccepteditwithoutcomplaint.

A.Solongas                         B.EventhoughC.Since                           D.While

17.________thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.

A.While                               B.AsC.Since                              D.Because

18._______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.

A.Aslongas                 B.AsfarasC.Justas                     D.Evenif

19._______richonemaybethereisalwayssomethingonewants.

A.Whatever             B.WheneverC.However                  D.Wherever

20.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen_______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.

A.which                B.whenC.sothat                   D.asif

21.MrZhangismildincharacter.Henevershouts_

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