非谓语动词.docx

非谓语动词.docx

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非谓语动词

金牌教练助力一生

学

科

教

师

辅

导

教

案

优学教育学科教师辅导教案

讲义编号lll---zt005

学员编号：

yx5---zt059年级：

高二课时数：

1

学员姓名：

张婷辅导科目：

英语学科教师：

李丽俐

课题

非谓语动词

授课日期及时段

2013年2月4日8:

00---10:

00

教学目的

1.了解非谓语动词的含义及种类

2.掌握非谓语动词的用法。

教学内容

不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系

一般式todotobedone动作发生在谓语动词之前

进行式tobedoing与谓语动词动作同时发生

完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone动作发生在谓语动词之前

动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系

一般doingbeingdone与谓语动作同时发生

完成式havingdoinghavingbeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前

一、不定式

1.做主语

（1）toseistobelieve.\

（2）ittookustwohourstofinishthejob.

2.作宾语

（1）hemanagedtoescapefromthefire.

（2）Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.

3.做宾语补足语

（1）hewantmetobecareful.

4.作定语

修饰名词或代词，不定式和他所修饰的名词之间有主谓上的逻辑关系

Ihavealotworktodo（动宾关系）

Heislookingforaroomtolivein.（动状关系）

Heisthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.（主谓关系）

Hehasgotachancetogoabroad.（同位关系）

不定式与形容词的搭配关系：

1）主句主语是不定式结构的逻辑主语

a.表示喜怒哀惧的形容词+不定式

Heisgladtohelpeachother

Henrywashappytoheardit=Henrywashappywhenheheardit.

Weweresorrynottobethere.

Johnwasverypleasedtobegiventhejob.

b）表示运气好坏的形容词+不定式

Hewasluckytofindit.

Shewasunluckytospoilit.

c）表示心理状态，个人态度的形容词

Heisanxioustoseeher?

Heisnotverykeentothinkaboutit.

Wearereadytomaketheattempt.

d）表示性格特征和行为表现的形容词+不定式

Heisfoolishtomeetheragain.

Theywerethoughtfultocomehomeearly.

Shewasstupidtomakesuchamistake.

Youarekindtosayso.

2）主句主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语。

Thatquestionisdifficulttoanswer.

练习：

改写下列的句子。

1.youwillbesadtohearwhenyouhearwhatIhavetellyou.

2.theywouldbeverysurprisediftheyweretoreceiveaninvitation.

3.sheishappythatshehasfoundsuchaniceplacetolivein.

4.Bobwaspleasedwhenheheardhehadbeenpromoted.

5.itiseasytorememberthisrule.

6.theclerkansweredthecallpromptly.

7.itisdifficulttoheatourhouse.

8.Johnseesthepointquickly.

不定式与名词搭配。

（主动关系、动宾关系、同位关系）

1）主动关系

Hewasthelastguesttoarrive（=whoarrived）

Heisnotthemantodrawback.

2）动宾关系

Hehasalargefamilytosupport（=thathemustsupport）

Thisisthebestbooktoread.

Thereisaquarterofanhourtokill.

3）同位关系

Theboyhasanimpulsetojumpoverthefense.

Ihavenowishtoquarrelwithyou.

5.做状语：

做目的状语to,onlyto,inorderto,soasto,

Iransofasttocatchtheearlybus.

做结果状语表示没有预料到的事

Hehurriedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasclosed.

做原因状语

Weareexcitingtohearthenews

做条件状语

Toturntotheleft,youcouldfindapostoffice.

做表语

Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.

Myquestioniswhentoleave.

独立结构

Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.

Tomakematterworse,itbegantorain.

二，

1.不定式的时态，

（1）现在时：

有时与谓语动词同时发生，有事发生在谓语动词之后

Heseemstoknowthis,.Ihopetoseeyouagain.

（2）完成时：

表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。

Iamsorrytohavegaveyousomuchtrouble.

Heseemstohavecaughtacold.

（3）进行：

表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词动作同时发生。

Heseemstobeeatingsomething.

（4）完成进行时：

表示动作从过去某个时间开始一直延续到现在，并可能延续下去

Heisknowntohavebeenworkingontheproblemformanyyears.

2.不定式的语态

Hewasseentobeenterthehall.HeaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet.

三、动词不定式的否定

Tellhimnottoshutthewindow.ShepretendednottoseethemewhenIpassedby.

四、动名词

1.作主语

Playingwithfireisdangerous.

2.做宾语

Ienjoyedlisteningtomusic.

只能接动名词做宾语的动词：

Admit,advise,risk,appreciate,envy,avoid,consider,delay,deny,excuse,finish,forgive,

Resist

只能接不定式做宾语的动词

Happen,offer,promise,agree,refuse,decide,determine,pretend,fail,learn,wish,hope,expect,afford.

有些东动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同

Stop,forget,remember,regret,try,goontodo继续做另一件事，goondoing继续做同一件事

3.做表语

Myhobbyiscollectingstamps

4.作定语（表示用途）

Awaitingroom,adivingboard,areadingroom,adininghall.

动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，通常用完成式。

Weareinterestedinplayingchess.

Hewaspraisedfornothavingfinishedtheworkaheadoftime.

I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.

若主语是动名词所表示的对象，动名词用被动。

Wemustdosomethingtopreventwaterfrombeingpolluted.

Irememberedhavingbeentoldastory.

Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.

分词（分词分为现在分词和过去分词。

在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语）

现在分词和过去分词的区别：

在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义：

在时间上，现在分词表示动作往往正在进行，或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示时间已经完成或么有一定的时间性。

（1）过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句

Mostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartywerefamousscientists

课堂作业

1.（2011全国卷,27）Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.

A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen

2.（2011全国卷II,15）Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.

A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined

3.（2011全国卷II,18）Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument.

A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying

4.（2011北京卷,25）It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.

A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated

5.（2011北京卷,33）Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyoufeet.

A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept

6.（2011天津卷,7）Passeagersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.

A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried

7.（2011天津卷,12）______intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.

A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated

8.（2011上海春招）Mikefoundhismissingcarinthestreetoutsidehishouse,__newlycleanedandpolished.

A.lookedB.tolookC.lookingD.tobelooking

9.（2011上海春招,36）______in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheoriginalfunpark.

A.OpenedB.HavingopenedC.OpeningD.Beingopened

10.（2011上海春招,40）HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestars_____asacarpenterbefore.

A.toworkB.tobeworkingC.tohaveworkedD.tohavebeenworking

11.（2011山东卷,27）Lookoverthere—there’saverylong,windingpath_________uptothehouse.

A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead

12.（2011江苏卷,31）Recentlyasurvey___pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.

A．comparedB．comparingC．comparesD．beingcompared

13.（2011福建卷,23）TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.

A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded

14.（2011福建卷,27）ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.

A.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold

15.（2011安徽卷,）Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier__intosmallpieces.

A.breakB.breakingC.brokenD.tobreak

16.（2011浙江卷,3）Batsaresurprsinglylong-livedcreatures,some_______alifespanofaround20years.

A.havingBhadC.haveD.tohave

17.（2011浙江卷,14）Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves____forwords.

A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost

18.（2011浙江卷）Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity____bytheirenthusiasticsupporters.

A.beingcheeredB.becheeredC.tobecheeredD.werecheered

19.（2011四川卷,2）Ladexdoes’tfeellikeabroad.Herparentsareold.

A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy

20.（2011四川卷,11）Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.

A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep

21.（2011四川卷,16）animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.

A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer

22.（2011重庆卷,29）MoreTVprograms______,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety.

A.toraiseB.raisingC.tohaveraisedD.havingraised

23.（2011重庆卷）MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_ofhisowndreams.

A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.remind

24.（2011陕西卷,14）Clairehadherluggageanhourbeforeherplaneleft.

A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked

25.（2011陕西卷,20）MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,______itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.

A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade

26.（2011湖南卷,21）Theability_____anideaisasimportantastheideaitself

AexpressingBexpressedCtoexpressDtobeexpressed

27.（2011湖南卷,23）Theplayers______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.

AselectingBtoseleceCselectedDhavingselected

28.（2011湖南卷,29）Doyouwakeupeverymorning______energeticandreadytostartanewday?

A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt

29.（2011辽宁卷,30）aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.

A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering

30.（2011江西卷32）Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswife_____shehadafall,Mr.Gordenimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.

A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.tosay

31.（2011辽宁卷,23）Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfast

A.whatB.whoC.howD.why

回家作业

1.（2009·山东，22）WeareinvitedtoapartyinourclubnextFriday.

A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding

2.（2009·宁夏）Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?

A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake

3.（2009·上）Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,allfourpeopleonboard.

A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill

4.（2009·天津，9）bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.

A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged

5.（2009·江西，34）Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlawsparentstotakemore

responsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.

A.forcedB.forcingC.tobeforcedD.havingforced

6.（2009·四川，4）Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremainuntiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.

A.seatedB.seatingC.toseatD.seat

7.（2009·辽宁，22）Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycameback.

A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.flooded

8.（2009·宁夏，30）Thechildrenall