安徽省五河县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选练五.docx

安徽省五河县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选练五.docx

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安徽省五河县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解九月选练五

安徽五河县2020高考英语阅读理解九月选练（五）

阅读理解。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.

Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40,000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2020.

Surveyrespondents（受访者）wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifesatisfactiononascaleof0to10,amongotherquestions.

Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults（age18to39）routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddleagedadults（age40to64）moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.Adultsof65andolder,however,werefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio（比率）ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.

“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade，”wroteFriederR．Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangenNuremberg.

Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.

“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions（预防措施），”theauthorswrote.

Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.

Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandpersonallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealthoutcomes.

However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic，”theauthorsconcluded.

1．Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccuratepredictionoftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?

A．Optimisticadults.B．Middleagedadults.

C．Adultsinpoorhealth.D．Adultsoflowerincome.

解析　细节理解题。

由文章第四段第一句话“Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults（age18to39）routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddleagedadults（age40to64）moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。

故选B项。

答案　B.

2．Pessimismmaybepositiveinsomewaybecauseitcausespeople________.

A．tofullyenjoytheirpresentlife

B．toestimatetheircontributionaccurately

C．totakemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks

D．tovaluehealthmorehighlythanwealth

解析　细节理解题。

由第六、七段中的关键信息“...peoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractions...”及“...contributetotakingimprovedprecautions（预防措施）．..”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选C项。

答案　C.

3．Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?

A．Theywillearnlessmoney.

B．Theywillbecomepessimistic.

C．Theywillsuffermentalillness.

D．Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.

解析　细节理解题。

由第八段第一句话“Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.”可知工资高的人会预料他们未来工资的下降，故选A项。

答案　A.。

4．Whatistheclearconclusionofthestudy?

A．Pessimismguaranteeschancesofsurvival.

B．Goodfinancialconditionleadstogoodhealth.

C．Medicaltreatmentdetermineshealthoutcomes.

D．Expectationsoffuturelifesatisfactiondeclinewithage.

解析　推理判断题。

由最后一段的最后一句话“‘Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic，’theauthorsconcluded.”可知对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。

答案　D.。

2020高考训练题。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

WheneverweturnontheTVorradio,readthenewspapers,surftheInternet,we'llbesurroundedbytheword"diet"everywhere.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologically（心理上地）andphysically.

It'sobviousthatdietproductsweakenuspsychologically.Theyallowustojumpoverthethinkingstagethatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweight,butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffat.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword"diet"infoodlabels.

What'smore,dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrink,wearetellingourselvesthatwedon'thavetoworktogetresults．Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain,andthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle.

Asamatteroffact,thedangerthatdietproductsbringnotonlyliesinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus,butalsointhephysicalharmtheycause.Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorie.oalybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts,Andtheycanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearestoppingourbodieshavingbasicnutrients.Dietproductsmaynotbenutritional,andthechemicals

thatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.

Losingweightliesinthepowerofminds,notinthepowerofchemicals.Thinktwicebeforebuyingdietproducts.Oncewerealizethis,wewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproducts,3rdtherefore,preventthepsychologicalandphysicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.

1.FromParagraph1，welearnthat

A.dietproductsareinourdailylifeB.peoplehavetroublechoosfngdietproducts

C.peopleshouldputupwithdietproductsD.dietproductsaremisleadingpeople

2.Thepsychologicaleffectofdietproductsisthatpeopletendto

A.hesitatebeforetheyenjoydietfoodsB,payattentiontotheirdailydiet

C.watchtheirweightratherthantheirdietD.tryoutvarietiesofdietfoods

3.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymeans

A.dietproductscausenopainB,itcostsalotto.loseweight

C.losingweightiseffortlessD.dietproductsarefreeoffatandcalories

4．Dietproductsindirectlyharmpeoplephysicallybecausesuchproducts

A.areover-consumedB.areshortofbasicnutrients

C.lackchemicalsD.providetoomuchenergy

参考答案1—4、DCCB

【北京市丰台区2020统一模拟】B

CarTalk

WhenIgotthedrivinglicenselastsummer,MomandItookourfirsttriparoundanemptyparkinglot.ThenIfoundthatmymotherwasnotthebestteacherforme.Itwasn'tthatsheshouted,ortoldmethatIwasdoingpoorly.Asyoucanimagine,mymother's"helpfulinstructions"onlymanagedtomakememorenervous.

SinceIcouldnolongerpracticewithher,thejobwasplacedinthehandsofmyfather.TheideaoflearningfromDadwasnotonethatthrilledme.Ilovedhimdearly,butIjustdidnotseeDadassomeoneIcouldbecomfortablelearningfrom.Healmostnevertalked.Wesharedatypicalfather-daughterrelationship.He'daskhowschoolwas,andI'dsayitwasfine.Unfortunately,thatwasthemostofourconversations.Spendinghoursalonewithsomeonewhomightaswellhavebeenastrangerreallyscaredme.

Aswegotintothecarthatfirsttime,Iwasnotsurprisedatwhathappened.DadandIdrovearound,sayingalmostnothing,asidefromafewinstructionsonhowtoturn.Asmylessonswenton,however,thingsbegantochange.DadwouldturntheradioupsoIcouldfullyappreciatehisfavoriteStonesmusic.Andheactuallybegantalking.Iwassoonhearingaboutpastfaileddates,"basicbody"gymclass,andothertalesfromhispast,includingsomeofhisfirstmeetingwith

Mom.

Dad'ssuddenchattinesswasshockinguntilIthoughtaboutwhyhewastellingmesomuchinthecar.InalltheyearsthatIhadwonderedwhymyfatherneverspokethatmuch,IhadneverstoppedtoconsiderthatitwasbecauseIhadneverbotheredtolisten.Homework,friends,andevenTVhadallcalledmeawayfromhim,and,consequently,Ineverthoughtmyquietfatherhadanythingtosay.

SinceIbegandrivingwithhim,mydrivingskillhasgreatlyincreased.Moreimportant,though,isthatmyknowledgeofwhomyfatherishasalsoincreased.Justlivingwithhimwasn'tenough—ittookdrivingwithhimformetogettoknowsomeonewhowasamystery.

59.Theauthorcouldn'tpracticedrivingwithhermotherbecause.

A.shecouldn'ttalkwithhermotherB.herfatherwantedtoteachher

C.hermothermadehernervousD.shedidn'ttrusthermother

60.Atfirst,theideaoflearningdrivingfromherfathermadeher.

A.happyB.uneasyC.satisfiedD.disappointed

61.Whatsurprisedtheauthorwhenthedrivinglessonswenton?

A.HerDadlikedmodernmusic.B.HerDadwasthebestteacher.

C.HerDadwasachattyperson.D.HerDadtoldherhissadstories.

62.Withherstory"CarTalk",theauthorindicatesthat.

A.fatherslovetheirdaughtersdearly

B.mothersarelesspatientthanfathers

C.familymembersneedrealcommunication

D.ittakestimetoimprovethefather-daughterrelationship

【参考答案】59.C60.B61.C62.C

【北京市丰台区2020统一模拟】C

NowHearThis

WhatdoformerAmericanpresidentBillClintonandrockmusicianPeteTownshendhaveincommon.'?

Bothmenhavehearingdamagefromexposuretoloudmusic,andbothnowwearhearingaidsasaconsequence.Asateenager,Clintonplayedsaxophoneinaband.Townshend,whohasthemoreseverehearinglo