安徽省五河县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选练五.docx

1、安徽省五河县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选练五安徽五河县2020高考英语阅读理解九月选练（五）阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The

2、paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2020.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of

3、 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to u

4、nderestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually obs

5、erved was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder RLang, a professor at the University of ErlangenNuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about thei

6、r actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施)，”the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed goo

7、d health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have d

8、riven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.1According to the study, who made the most accura

9、te prediction of their future life satisfaction?AOptimistic adults. BMiddleaged adults.CAdults in poor health. DAdults of lower income.解析细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句话“The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to

10、64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。故选B项。答案B.2Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people_.Ato fully enjoy their present lifeBto estimate their contribution accuratelyCto take measures against potential risksDto value health more hi

11、ghly than wealth解析细节理解题。由第六、七段中的关键信息“.people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions.”及“.contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施).”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选C项。答案C.3How do people of higher income see their future?AThey will earn less money.BTh

12、ey will become pessimistic.CThey will suffer mental illness.DThey will have less time to enjoy life.解析细节理解题。由第八段第一句话“Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”可知工资高的人会预料他们未来

13、工资的下降，故选A项。答案A.。4What is the clear conclusion of the study?APessimism guarantees chances of survival.BGood financial condition leads to good health.CMedical treatment determines health outcomes.DExpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话“We found that from early to

14、 late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，the authors concluded.”可知对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。答案D.。2020高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Whenever we turn on the TV or radio, read the newspapers, surf the Inter

15、net, well be surrounded by the word diet everywhere. We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically（心理上地）and physically.Its obvious that diet products wea

16、ken us psychologically. They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fat. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word diet in food labels.Whats more, diet products have greater psychologi

17、cal effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves that we dont have to work to get resultsDiet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.As a matter of fact, the danger that diet products bring not onl

18、y lies in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm they cause. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie. oaly because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products, And they can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead

19、 of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicalsthat go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Think twice before buying diet products. Onc

20、e we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, 3rd therefore, prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.1. From Paragraph 1，we learn thatA. diet products are in our daily life B. people have trouble choosfng diet productsC. people should put up w

21、ith diet products D. diet products are misleading people2. The psychological effect of diet products is that people tend toA. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods B, pay attention to their daily dietC. watch their weight rather than their diet D. try out varieties of diet foods3. The underlined par

22、t in Paragraph 3 probably meansA. diet products cause no pain B, it costs a lot to.lose weightC. losing weight is effortless D. diet products are free of fat and calories4Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such productsA. are over-consumed B. are short of basic nutrientsC. lack

23、chemicals D. provide too much energy参考答案14、 DCCB【北京市丰台区2020统一模拟】BCar TalkWhen I got the driving license last summer, Mom and I took our first trip around an empty parking lot. Then I found that my mother was not the best teacher for me. It wasnt that she shouted, or told me that I was doing poorly.

24、As you can imagine, my mothers helpful instructions only managed to make me more nervous.Since I could no longer practice with her, the job was placed in the hands of my father. The idea of learning from Dad was not one that thrilled me. I loved him dearly, but I just did not see Dad as someone I co

25、uld be comfortable learning from. He almost never talked. We shared a typical father-daughter relationship. Hed ask how school was, and Id say it was fine. Unfortunately, that was the most of our conversations. Spending hours alone with someone who might as well have been a stranger really scared me

26、.As we got into the car that first time, I was not surprised at what happened. Dad and I drove around, saying almost nothing, aside from a few instructions on how to turn. As my lessons went on, however, things began to change. Dad would turn the radio up so I could fully appreciate his favorite Sto

27、nes music. And he actually began talking. I was soon hearing about past failed dates, basic body gym class, and other tales from his past, including some of his first meeting withMom.Dad s sudden chattiness was shocking until I thought about why he was telling me so much in the car. In all the years

28、 that I had wondered why my father never spoke that much, I had never stopped to consider that it was because I had never bothered to listen. Homework, friends, and even TV had all called me away from him, and, consequently, I never thought my quiet father had anything to say.Since I began driving w

29、ith him, my driving skill has greatly increased. More important, though, is that my knowledge of who my father is has also increased. Just living with him wasnt enoughit took driving with him for me to get to know someone who was a mystery.59. The author couldnt practice driving with her mother beca

30、use .A. she couldnt talk with her mother B. her father wanted to teach herC. her mother made her nervous D. she didnt trust her mother60. At first, the idea of learning driving from her father made her .A. happy B. uneasy C. satisfied D. disappointed61. What surprised the author when the driving les

31、sons went on?A. Her Dad liked modern music. B. Her Dad was the best teacher.C. Her Dad was a chatty person. D. Her Dad told her his sad stories.62. With her story Car Talk, the author indicates that .A. fathers love their daughters dearlyB. mothers are less patient than fathersC. family members need

32、 real communicationD. it takes time to improve the father-daughter relationship【参考答案】59. C 60. B 61. C 62. C【北京市丰台区2020统一模拟】CNow Hear ThisWhat do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common.? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence. As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing lo