人教版高中英语必修4课文原文Unit15.docx
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人教版高中英语必修4课文原文Unit15
必修4Unit1
ASTUDENTOFAFRICANWILDLIFE
Itis5:
45amandthesunisjustrisingoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.FollowingJane'swayofstudyingchimps,ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.Janehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.Thismeansgoingbacktotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeofthetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.Thenwefollowastheywanderintotheforest.Mostofthetime,chimpseitherfeedorcleaneachotherasawayofshowingloveintheirfamily.Janewarnsusthatourgroupisgoingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.However,theeveningmakesitallworthwhile.Wewatchthemotherchimpandherbabiesplayinthetree.Thenweseethemgotosleeptogetherintheirnestforthenight.Werealizethatthebondbetweenmembersofachimpfamilyisasstrongasinahumanfamily.
NobodybeforeJanefullyunderstoodchimpbehaviour.Shespentyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.Sinceherchildhoodshehadwantedtoworkwithanimalsintheirownenvironment.However,thiswasnoteasy.WhenshefirstarrivedinGombein1960,itwasunusualforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.Herworkchangedthewaypeoplethinkaboutchimps.Forexample,oneimportantthingshediscoveredwasthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.Untiltheneveryonehadthoughtchimpsateonlyfruitandnuts.Sheactuallyobservedchimpsasagrouphuntingamonkeyandtheneatingit.Shealsodiscoveredhowchimpscommunicatewitheachother,andherstudyoftheirbodylanguagehelpedherworkouttheirsocialsystem.
ForfortyyearsJaneGoodallhasbeenoutspokenaboutmakingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespectthelifeoftheseanimals.Shehasarguedthatwildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.Shehashelpedtosetupspecialplaceswheretheycanlivesafely.Sheisleadingabusylifebutshesays:
"OnceIstop,itallcomescrowdinginandIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories.It'sterrible.ItaffectsmewhenIwatchthewildchimps.Isaytomyself,'Aren'ttheylucky?
"AndthenIthinkaboutsmallchimpsincagesthoughtheyhavedonenothingwrong.Onceyouhaveseenthatyoucanneverforget..."
Shehasachievedeverythingshewantedtodo:
workingwithanimalsintheirownenvironment,gainingadoctor'sdegreeandshowingthatwomencanliveintheforestasmencan.Sheinspiresthosewhowanttocheertheachievementsofwomen.
WHYNOTCARRYONHERGOODWORK?
IenjoyedEnglish,biology,andchemistryatschool,butwhichoneshouldIchoosetostudyatuniversity?
IdidnotknowtheansweruntiloneeveningwhenIsatdownatthecomputertodosomeresearchongreatwomenofChina.
BychanceIcameacrossanarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhi,aspecialistinwomen'sdiseases.Shelivedfrom1901to1983.Itseemedthatshehadbeenverybusyinherchosencareer,travellingabroadtostudyaswellaswritingbooksandarticles.Oneofthemcaughtmyeye.Itwasasmall
bookexplaininghowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabies.Shegavesomesimplerulestofollowforkeepingbabiesclean,healthyandfreefromsickness.Whydidshewritethat?
WhowerethewomenthatLinQiaozhithoughtneededthisadvice?
Ilookedcarefullyatthetextand
realizedthatitwasintendedforwomeninthecountryside.Perhapsiftheyhadanemergencytheycouldnotreachadoctor.
Suddenlyithitmehowdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.Thatwasagenerationwhengirls'educationwasalwaysplacedsecondtoboys'.Wasshesomuchclevererthananyoneelse?
Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.Whatmadehersucceedlateronwasthekindnessandconsiderationsheshowedtoallherpatients.TherewasstoryafterstoryofhowLinQiaozhi,tiredafteraday'swork,wentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamilywhocouldnotpayher.
BynowIcouldnotwaittofindoutmoreabouther.IdiscoveredthatLinQiaozhihaddevotedherwholelifetoherpatientsandhadchosennottohaveafamilyofherown.Insteadshemadesurethatabout50,000babiesweresafelydelivered.BythistimeIwasveryexcited.WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?
Itwasstillnottoolateformetoimprovemystudies,preparefortheuniversityentranceexaminations,and….
必修4Unit2
APIONEERFORALLPEOPLE
AlthoughheisoneofChina'smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,forheworksthelandtodohisresearch.Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.DrYuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearisfromthishybridstrain.
Bornintoapoorfarmer'sfamilyin1930,DrYuangraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Atthattime,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.In1950,Chinesefarmerscouldproduceonlyfiftymilliontonsofrice.Inarecentharvest,however,nearlytwohundredmilliontonsofricewasproduced.Theseincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworld'speoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandinChina.DrYuanisnowcirculatinghisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnamandmanyotherlessdevelopedcountriestoincreasetheirriceharvests.Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.
DrYuanisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.However,hedoesn'tcareaboutbeingfamous.Hefeelsitgiveshimlessfreedomtodohisresearch.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbles.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.Indeed,hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuchmoneyhasmoreratherthanfewertroubles.Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.
Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.LongagoDryuanhadadreamaboutriceplantsastallassorghum.Eachearofricewasasbigasanearofcornandeachgrainofricewasashugeasapeanut.DrYuanawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofrice
leavingitinthegroundtobecomeanaturalfertilizerforthenextyear'scrop.Thesemanydifferentorganicfarmingmethodshavethesamegoal:
togrowgoodfoodandavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeople'shealth.
必修4Unit3
AMASTEROFNONVERBALHUMOUR
AsVictorHugooncesaid,"Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface",anduptonownobodyhasbeenabletodothisbetterthanCharlieChaplin.HebrightenedthelivesofAmericansandBritishthroughtwoworldwarsandthehardyearsinbetween.Hemadepeoplelaughatatimewhentheyfeltdepressed,sotheycouldfeelmorecontentwiththeirlives.
NotthatCharlie'sownlifewaseasy!
Hewasborninapoorfamilyin1889.Hisparentswerebothpoormusichallperformers.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosingassoonashecouldspeakanddanceassoonashecouldwalk.Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamiliesatthistime,especiallywhenthefamilyincomewasoftenuncertain.Unfortunatelyhisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff,soCharliespenthischildhoodlookingafterhissickmotherandhisbrother.Byhisteens,Charliehad,throughhishumour,becomeoneofthemostpopularchildactorsinEngland.Hecouldmimeandactthefooldoingordinaryeverydaytasks.Noonewaseverboredwatchinghim-hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.
Astimewentby,hebeganmakingfilms.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,becameknownthroughouttheworld.Thetramp,apoor,homelessmanwithamoustache,worelargetrousers,worn-outshoesandasmallroundblackhat.Hewalkedaroundstillycarryingawalkingstick.Thischaracterwasasocialfailurebutwaslovedforhisoptimismanddeterminationtoovercomealldifficulties.Hewastheunderdogwhowaskindevenwhenotherswereunkindtohim.
Howdidthelittletrampmakeasadsituationentertaining?
Hereisanexamplefromoneofhismostfamousfilms,TheGoldRush.Itisthemid-nineteenthcenturyandgoldhasjustbeendiscoveredinCalifornia.Likesomanyothers,thelittletrampandhisfriendhaverushedthereinsearchofgold,butwithoutsuccess.Insteadtheyarehidinginasmallhutontheedgeofamountainduringasnowstormwithnothingtoeat.Theyaresohungrythattheytryboilingapairofleathershoesfortheirdinner.Charliefirstpicksoutthelacesandeatsthemasiftheywerespaghetti.Thenhecutsofftheleathertopoftheshoeasifitwerethefineststeak.Finall