初二下册英语第二单元讲义unit 2 语法篇.docx
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初二下册英语第二单元讲义unit2语法篇
Unit2语法篇
（二）动词不定式:
肯定式:
todo否定式:
nottodo省略to的:
do
句法作用
例 句
作宾语
Shewantedtoborrowmyradio.
作状语
ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.
作宾语补足语
Lucyaskedhimtoturnofftheradio.
Sheaskedmetospeakmoreloudly
Thefathermadehissonstudyhard.
作定语
Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.
作主语
Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.
1、不定式作宾语
口诀：
决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事
迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事
decidetodosth.决定做某事
want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事
plantodosth.计划做某
needtodosth.需要做某事
agreetodosth.同意做某事
can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事
decideto下决心做
usedtodo过去常常做某事
2、不定式作宾语补足语的动词：
asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事
tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事
ordersb.todo命令某人做某事。
wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事
invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事
expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事
encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事
省略to的情况:
使役动词：
let,make,have
感官动词：
feel,hear,listento,lookat,see,watch,notice
3、动词不定式做主语
动词不定式作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。
例如：
Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.
Ittookusthreedaystodothework.
4、动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用，构成不定式短语。
如：
Idon’tknowwheretogo.
Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.
Whattodoisabigproblem.
一、请找出下列动词中以动词不定式为宾语的动词并圈出来。
enjoydecideplanspendfinish
wantpracticeagreekeepneed
解析：
不定式作宾语口诀：
决定想做计划需要同意，
迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事
答案：
decideplanwantagreeneed
二、请写出下列动词的合适的非谓语形式填空。
1.Letme________（help）youwatertheflowers.
2.Isawhim_______（go）intothesmallstore.
3. Mymotheroftenasksme_____（do）somecleaningonSundays
4.Itiskindofyou___（help）metocarrythesebooks.
5.Iwant_________________（travel）aroundtheworldaftergraduation.
一、单项选择
1.---Somechildrencan'tafford dictionaries.
---Let'sdonateourpocketmoneytothem.
A.
buy
B.
buying
C.
tobuy
D.
bebought
2.Studentsshoulddoeverythingtheycan theirstudy.
A.
improve
B.
toimprove
C.
improving
D.
improved
3.TheteacheraskedBen adifficultquestioninclass.
A.
answer
B.
toanswer
C.
answering
D.
answer
4.IoftenwatchDanny baseballontheplayground.
A.
playing
B.
plays
C.
played
D.
play
5.Thereisnodesksinthelab.Ourheadmastertoldus ourdesks.
A.
totake
B.
nottake
C.
tonottake
D.
take
6.---Doyouknowwhyheleftsoearly?
---- fortheEnglishtest,Iguess.
A.
Tostudy
B.
Study
C.
Studied
D.
Studying
7.Thewomanfeelsthatsheshouldletherson hisowndecisionthistime.
A.
makes
B.
make
C.
tomake
D.
making
8.Thechildrendecide theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.
A.
clean
B.
toclean
C.
cleaning
D.
cleaned
9.---Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmethewaytotherailwaystation?
---Oh,sorry,Idon'tknow.You goandaskthatpoliceman.
A.
could
B.
must
C.
would
D.
need
10.---You writehimalettertosayyouaresorryforit.
---Idon'tlikewritingletters.I'llapologize thephone.
A.
could;on
B.
should;in
C.
can;over
D.
must;through
二、翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）
11.我需要你帮我学英语。
Ineedyou myEnglish.
12.我不知道哪里买这本杂志。
Idon'tknow thismagazine.
13.我请妈妈给我买了一个书包。
Iaskedmymother aschoolbag .
14.这个女孩可以看望医院里生病的孩子，来使他们振奋起来。
Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospital .
15.为了学习英语，刘女士于1988年去了英国。
English,Ms.LiuwenttoEnglandin1988.
一、单选
1.MissDiana lotsofmoneytothechildreninpoorareas.
A.
hungout
B.
gaveaway
C.
putoff
D.
tookout
2.Theirhouseissimilar ours,butourshasabiggergarden.
A.
with
B.
to
C.
for
D.
at
3.Look!
Hereisanotice forteachingjobs.
A.
ask
B.
toask
C.
asking
D.
asks
4.It'shardto livinginaplacewheretherearenotelephonesorcars.
A.
know
B.
realize
C.
imagine
D.
think
5.I'llhavetoaskmyparentsforsomemoremoneybecauseI've .
A.
usedupit
B.
useditup
C.
runitout
D.
runoutit
6.Tom hisfather,becausetheyarebothcheerfulandeasygoing.
A.
lookslike
B.
takesafter
C.
doesn'ttakeafter
D.
isn'tlike
7.Tomfelldownandgothurt,sowesenthimtothehospital .
A.
atonce
B.
justamoment
C.
foronce
D.
foramoment
8.Myfatherhelpedme whenIlostmyjob.
A.
out
B.
up
C.
away
D.
down
9.Theplanstheymade well.I'msurethey'llsucceedsoon.
A.
comeout
B.
workout
C.
goout
D.
putout
10.Mywatchdoesn'twork.Canyouhelpme .
A.
fixitup
B.
fixupit
C.
takeitup
D.
takeupit
11.Wehaven'tdecided onvacation.
A.
wheretogo
B.
togowhere
C.
wheregoing
D.
todowhat
BBCCBBAABAA
二、完形填空
Onceuponatimetherewasalittleboywhobecameveryill.Hehadtospendalldayinbed,unabletomove.Becauseotherchildrenweren'tallowedtocomenearhim,hefelt12 andblue.
Therewasn'tmuchhecoulddoexceptlookoutofthewindow.Timepassed,andhisfeelingofhopelessnessjust13 ,untilonedayhesawsomethingstrangeinthewindow.Itwasabirdeatingasausagesandwich.Thebirdcamein,said"goodafternoon"totheboy,turnedaround,andleft.
Ofcourse,theboywasverysurprised.Hewasstilltryingto14 whathadhappened,whenoutsidehiswindowhesawamonkeyblowingupaballoon.Afterawhile,asmoreandmorecrazy-lookingcharacters15 outsidethewindow,helaughedhappily.
Afterall,everyonecouldn'thelp16 whenseeingapigplayingtheguitaroradogwearingapairofglassesandsinging.Thelittleboydidn'ttellanyoneaboutthis,17 whowouldhavebelievedhim?
Evenso,thosestrangecharactersendedupputtingjoybackinhis18 ,andinhisbody.Beforelong,hishealthhadimprovedsomuchthathewasabletogobacktoschoolagain.
Therehegottotalktohisfriends,andtoldthemallthe19 thingshehadseen.Whiletalking,hesawsomethingsticking（伸出）outofhisbestfriend'sschoolbag.Theboyaskedhimwhatitwas,andfinallyhisfriendhadto20 himwhatwasinthebag.
There,inside,wereallthefancy-dresssuitsanddisguises（伪装）thathisbestfriendhadbeenusingtotryto21 thelittleboyup!
Fromthatdayon,thelittleboyalwaysdidhisbesttomakesurethatnoonefeltsadandalone.
12.
A.
great
B.
sad
C.
nervous
D.
pleased
13.
A.
grew
B.
changed
C.
lost
D.
happened
14.
A.
workout
B.
makeup
C.
pointout
D.
lookfor
15.
A.
filled
B.
looked
C.
appeared
D.
came
16.
A.
crying
B.
thinking
C.
singing
D.
laughing
17.
A.
though
B.
because
C.
so
D.
but
18.
A.
heart
B.
hands
C.
health
D.
head
19.
A.
little
B.
humorous
C.
strange
D.
happy
20.
A.
provide
B.
send
C.
show
D.
satisfy
21.
A.
wake
B.
cheer
C.
pick
D.
raise
一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分）
1.Markwouldliketoworkoutside.He helptocleanupthecityparks.
A.
must
B.
need
C.
could
D.
haveto
2.---Canyoutellthedifferencesbetweenthesetwopictures?
---Differences?
Oh,no.Theylookquite .
A.
different
B.
similar
C.
strange
D.
interesting
3.Nicklosthiskey.Itmadehim inthecoldtowaitforhisparents'return.
A.
tostay
B.
stayed
C.
stays
D.
stay
4.---Mr.Miller,IamafraidthatIcan'tfinishthisworkinaweek.
---Myboy,bebraveandtellyourself .
A.
don'tgiveup
B.
notgiveup
C.
nottogiveup
D.
togiveup
5.SamplanstogotothewesternChinaand anearlychildhoodschoolthereoneday.
A.
cleanup
B.
lookup
C.
giveup
D.
setup
6.Whateverdifficultieswemeet,weshouldn't ourhope.
A.
giveup
B.
fixup
C.
cheerup
D.
putup
7.Scientistsaretryingtheirbestto waystotreattheterriblediseasecalledH7N9.
A.
comeupwith
B.
lookforwardto
C.
talkabout
D.
giveup
8.---Wedon'thaveenoughmoneyforourfieldtrip.Whatshallwedo?
---Thebestway moneyistosellnewspapers.
A.
raise
B.
toraise
C.
raising
9.Mr.Brown inasmallhouse.Nowhelivesinabighousewithaswimmingpool.
A.
isusedtoliving
B.
wasusedtoliving
C.
usedtoliving
D.
usedtolive
10.---Iamveryworriedaboutthecomingexam.IamafraidIcan'tpassthistime.
--- !
I'msureyou'llmakeit.
A.
Noproblem
B.
That'sright
C.
Cheerup
D.
Don'tmentionit
二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）
Bill,athirteen-year-oldboy,thoughthehadgrownuptobeaman.Buthisparentstoldhim,"Youwon'tbearealmanuntilyoubeginto11 helpingothers."
Onemorning,hisparentsgavehimsomemoneyto12 somemilkforthem.Outsideashophesawahomelessoldmanwholookedvery13 .Billwenttohimandasked,"What'swrongwithyou?
"
Theoldmananswered,"I'mhungry.Ihaven'thadanyfoodfortwodays."
Atthethoughtofhisparents'words,Billsaidtotheoldman,"Let'sgotothe14 ."
Whentheygotthere,Billaskedthewaiterto
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