届新九年级暑假英语阅读复习教材首字母填空教师版 中考暑假班教材.docx
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届新九年级暑假英语阅读复习教材首字母填空教师版中考暑假班教材
中考首字母填空
课堂讲义
首字母填空是考察学生包括语法知识、词汇运用、上下文理解以及主旨把握在内的综合能力,对大部分学生来说,这也是出错率最高的一道题目。
中考首字母填空共考查7个题目,每空2分,考查各种词性的单词。
要求所填单词在意义和语法上都要正确,即写对单词,也要写对单词的形式。
请同学们一定要重视动词的时态和语态,名词的单复数形式和代词不同的格。
首字母填空解题思路和技巧:
第一步:
通读全文,初步理解大意。
第二步:
词性分析
(一)概述:
考查实词(动词、名词、形容词和副词)为主,虚词(连词和介词)为辅。
所考单词为教育考试院词汇手册范围内,不会超纲,也无侮辱性词汇。
(二)词性判断方法:
1、句子缺动词:
每个句子(包括从句及并列句)都应该有且仅有一个动词。
Hobbiescanr_____pressure.(reduce)
2、句子缺形容词:
一般出现在系动词后或者名词(代词)前。
UsingiPadsisespeciallyh_______tostudentswhoarelearningalanguageatdifferentpaces.(helpful)
3、句子缺名词/代词:
动词前(主语)及动词后/介词后(宾语)位置。
Twiceayearparentsareinvitedtohaveat_________ofthefood.(taste)
Theymakepromisestot________tomakechangesintheirlivesoverthecomingyear,suchastoloseweight,tostopsmoking,togetanewjob…….(themselves)
4、句子缺副词:
句子主要成分完整,且语义上修饰动词/形容词。
一般出现在句首,句尾或者是句中实义动词前/助动词后。
Manystudentsbringfoodfromhome,u________sandwiches.(usually)
5、句子缺介词:
一般出现在名词前或者是动词后。
IrealizedI’veseentheworldinadifferentlightt________mydarling’seyes.(through)
6、句子缺连词:
句子中出现了两个谓语动词。
Peoplecandownloada1GBmoviewithin6minutesinSouthKorea,b_____inChinaitwouldtakehalfanhour.(but)
练习时间:
判断下面空格缺单词的词性。
Itwas3:
21a.m.whenten-year-oldGlennCreamerwaswokenupbythesmellofburning.Exceptforthecracking(爆裂声)offlamessomewherebelow,therewasnotasoundinthetwo-floorhouse.Buthe1.________atoncewhatwashappening.
2.______hisfatherwasawayonnightdutyatalocalfactory,Glennwasworriedaboutthesafetyofhisother,his14-year-oldsisterKarenandhis12-year-oldbrotherTodd.Herandownstairsthroughthesmoke-filledhousetopushandpullatKarenandTodduntiltheysatup.Thenhehelpedthem3._______thesafetyofthegarden.There,hissisterandbrother,takingshortandquickbreathsandcoughing,couldn’tmoveanymore.
Theten-year-oldracedbackintothehouseandupstairsintohismother’sroom.Hefoundit4._________towakeherupandtherewasnobodytohelpGlenncarryhertothegarden.Buttheboykeptcalm.Asafiremansaidlater,“Heactedwithalltheself-controlofatrainedadult.”
Onthebedroomtelephone,luckilystillworking,Glenncalled5._______father.AfterGlennmadesurehisfatherwouldtelephonethefiremenandambulanceservice,hegotonwiththetask6.______savinghismother.
Firsthefilled7.______bucketwithwaterfromthebathroomandthrewwateroverhismotherandherbed.Inthisway,shewouldbekeptawayfromthefirebeforethefiremenarrived.Then,withawetclotharoundhisheadhewentbacktothegarden.
Hecouldhearthefireenginecomingup,buthowwouldthefiremenfindhismother8.______thesmoke-filledhousewherefirehadalmostcoveredthegroundfloor?
Fetchingaballofstring(绳)fromthegarage,Glennracedbackintothehouse9._______rushedupstairstohismother’sroom.Hetiedoneendofthestringtoherhand.Thenhebegantorunback.Helaidoutthestringashewentthroughthehallandbackoutintothegarden.
MinuteslaterhewastellingfireChiefJohnCoughlan,“Thestringwilllead10.________tomother/canhelpyoufindmother.”Mrs.Creamerwascarriedtosafetyastheflameswerebreakingthroughherbedroomfloor.
注意:
学生只需要判断出词性即可:
1.v.realized
2.conj.As
3.prep.through
4.adj.impossible
5.pron.his
6.prep.of
7.articlea
8.perp.in
9.conj.and
10.pron.you
第三步:
词意判断
(一)概述:
根据上下文逻辑(包括句内逻辑、句间逻辑以及篇章逻辑)、重点词汇来判断词意。
常见逻辑关系词---句间逻辑:
类型
常考逻辑关系词
对立关系
让步:
although,though,eventhough,evenif,despite,inspiteof
“虽然,尽管,即使,即便,不管”
转折:
but,however,yet,while,insteadof,not…..but“然而,但是”
并列递进
并列:
and,andalso,or,similarly,aswellas,neither……nor,either……or,notonly……butalso,thesame……as;ononehand……ontheotherhand,foronething……foranother,one……another,some……others……stillothers“和/或/也,一方面……另一方面”
递进:
also,then,besides,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,what’smore
“还,甚至,并且,另外”
因果
因为:
because,for,since,as,dueto,thanksto,becauseof,nowthat,forthisreason“因为,由于”
所以:
thus,therefore,so,so…..that,such…..that,asaresult“所以”
条件
if,unless,aslongas“如果,除非,只要,要是”
举例
suchas,forexample,forinstance,of(these,those,them),among(these,those,them)“例如,比如”
时间
when,whenever,before,after,since,as,while,until/till,assoonas,atthesametime,everytime,bythetime
目的
inorderthat,sothat,soasto,inorderto“为了,以便,以致于”
类型
常考逻辑关系词
对立
让步:
although,though,eventhough,evenif,despite,inspiteof
“虽然,尽管,即使,即便,不管”
转折:
but,however,yet,while,insteadof,not…..but“然而,但是”
并列
递进
并列:
and,andalso,or,similarly,aswellas,neither……nor,either……or,notonly……butalso,thesame……as;ononehand……ontheotherhand,foronething……foranother,one……another,some……others……stillothers“和/或/也,一方面……另一方面”
递进:
also,then,besides,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,what’smore
“还,甚至,并且,另外”
总分
suchas,forexample,forinstance,of(these,those,them),among(these,those,them)“例如,比如”
第四步:
验证语法。
1、名词的形式(复数,所有格)
AndthatdayIthoughtalotaboutmakingsomec_______inmylife,asIlistenedtoherinnocent(天真的)wordsthatcutmelikeaknife.(changes)
Butasthenationpaysmoreattentiontoc______health,healthierfoodshavestartedtfindtheirwayontoschoolmenus.(children’s)
2、动词的形式(时态和语态即三单、过去时、现在分词、过去分词)
Itusuallyf__________witharesponseof“I’mgood,andyou?
”or“I’mwell,andyou?
”(follows)
Mydaughterc_______her“conversation”,asIsatdownonthefloor.(continued)
3、形容词/副词的形式(原级、比较级、最高级)
IfastudentspendsmoretimewatchingvideosonaniPad,hewillhavef_______opportunitiestohaveface-to-facecommunicationwithothers.(fewer)
4、代词的形式(格、单复数、反身代词)
Thewindcomingfromthefanwillblowawaytheemptyboxesandleavetheothero_______withsoap.(ones)
课堂练习
Passage1★★★★★(17年宝山一模)
Attimesweallgetangrywhenwearedriving.Itmightbebecausewearestuckinatrafficjamorstuckbehindaverys81driver.Itmightbebecausewethinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.Whateverthereason,itseemsthatgettingangryinacarissomethingwhichhappensmoreandmoreoftenandthereisnowaspecialtermf82it:
'roadrage'(路怒症).Someexpertseventhinkthatroadrageisakindofmentalillness!
Howcanwerecognizethis'illness'ofroadrage?
Therearetwokindsofroadrage:
aggressive(攻击性的)drivingandaggressivereactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Aggressivedrivingcantakedifferentf83:
Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.
Increasingyourspeedveryquickly.
Drivingveryclosebehindthecarinfrontandsoundingthehorn(喇叭)orflashingtheheadlights.
Changinglanesverysuddenlyandb84anothercar.
Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanothercaristryingtopark.
Therearealsodifferentreactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Theseinclude:
Makingrudesignsatpeople.
Shoutingatpeopleandthreateningthem.
Deliberately(蓄意地)drivingintoanotherperson'scar.
Hittingsomebody.
Usingaweaponsuchasabaseballbat,orevenagunoraknife.
Roadrageisc85notajoke.Therehavebeenincidents(事件)ofroadragewhichhaveledtoseriousinjuriesandevenmurder.Expertsthinkthatonereasonforroadrageasthatfilmsshowalotofexamplesoffastandaggressivedrivingsuchascarchaseswherethiskindofdrivingseemstobepositive.Expertsalsothinkthatthepunishmentsfordangerousdrivingarenotseriouse86.Experienceshowsthatdrivingproblemscanbecontrolled,butittakesalongtime.IntheUKinthelast30years,thepolicehavebeenquitesuccessfulinr87thenumberofpeoplewhodrinkanddrive.Theyarenowworkingtostoppeopleusingmobilephoneswhentheyaredriving.Let'shopetheycanhavethesamesuccesswithroadrage.
81slow82for83forms84blocking85certainly86enough87reducing
IntensiveReadingandTranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:
1.Itmightbebecausewethinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.
Translation:
可能是因为我们认为另一个司机做了什么愚蠢或者危险的事情。
Languagepoints:
(上课拓展讲)
表语从句;
Moreexamples:
(TranslationfromEnglishtoChinese)(每个语言点至少两个例句)
1.Myideaisthatweshouldstartmakingpreparationsrightnow.
____________________________________________________________________
2.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.
____________________________________________________________________
3.WhatIwanttoknowiswhichroadweshouldtake.
____________________________________________________________________
2.Whateverthereason,itseemsthatgettingangryinacarissomethingwhichhappensmoreandmoreoftenandthereisnowaspecialtermf82it:
'roadrage'(路怒症).
Translation:
无论原因是什么,开车生气看起来是一些越来越频繁发生的事情,并且现在有个特别的术语去表达它:
路怒症。
Languagepoints:
(上课拓展讲)
动名词做主语;
定语从句;
Moreexamples:
(TranslationfromEnglishtoChinese)
1.Collectinginformationaboutchildren’shealthishisjob.
_____________________________________________________________________
2.FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.
_____________________________________________________________________
3.Haveyougotanythingthatbelongstome?
_____________________________________________________________________
4.Theyaretalkingoftheheroinesandtheirdeedsthatinterestthem.
_____________________________________________________________________
3.Therearetwokindsofroadrage:
aggressive(攻击性的)drivingandaggressivereactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.
Translation:
有两种类型的路怒症:
攻击性的驾驶和对其他人开车作出的攻击性的反应。
Languagepoints:
(上课拓展讲)
way的定语从句;
reactionto…对…的反应
1.Iwasimpressedbythewayinwhichshedidit.
_________________________________________________________________