雅思阅读模拟题及答案卷二.docx

雅思阅读模拟题及答案卷二.docx

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雅思阅读模拟题及答案卷二

2021年雅思阅读模拟题及答案（卷二）

　　TheGuardian1.Britishscientistsarepreparingtolaunchtrialsofaradicalnewwaytofightcancer,whichkillstumoursbyinfectingthemwithviruseslikethecommoncold.

　　2.Ifsuccessful,virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer,whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.

　　3.LeonardSeymour,aprofessorofgenetherapyatOxfordUniversity,whohasbeenworkingonthevirustherapywithcolleaguesinLondonandtheUS,willleadthetrialslaterthisyear.CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProfSeymour'spioneeringtechniques.

　　4.Oneofthecountry'sleadinggeneticists,ProfSeymourhasbeenworkingwithvirusesthatkillcancercellsdirectly,whileavoidingharmtohealthytissue."Inprinciple,you'vegotsomethingwhichcouldbemanytimesmoreeffectivethanregularchemotherapy,"hesaid.

　　5.Cancer-killingvirusesexploitthefactthatcancercellssuppressthebody'slocalimmunesystem."Ifacancerdoesn'tdothat,theimmunesystemwipesitout.Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour,virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.Youcanregarditasthecancer'sAchilles'heel."

　　6.Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer."Theyreplicate,yougetamillioncopiesineachcellandthecellburstsandtheyinfectthetumourcellsadjacentandrepeattheprocess,"saidProfSeymour.

　　7.Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrugs."It'saninterestingpossibilitythattheymayhaveanadvantageinkillingdrug-resistanttumours,whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'vehadbefore."

　　8.Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Americanscientistshavepreviouslyinjectedvirusesdirectlyintotumoursbutthistechniquewillnotworkifthecancerisinaccessibleorhasspreadthroughoutthebody.

　　9.ProfSeymour'sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody'simmunesystem,effectivelyallowingthevirusestodowhatchemotherapydrugsdo-spreadthroughthebloodandreachtumourswherevertheyare.Thebighurdlehasalwaysbeentofindawaytodelivervirusestotumoursviathebloodstreamwithoutthebody'simmunesystemdestroyingthemontheway.

　　10."Whatwe'vedoneismakechemicalmodificationstothevirustoputapolymercoataroundit-it'sastealthviruswhenyouinjectit,"hesaid.

　　11.Afterthestealthvirusinfectsthetumour,itreplicates,butthecopiesdonothavethechemicalmodifications.Iftheyescapefromthetumour,thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'simmunesystem.

　　12.Thetherapywouldbeespeciallyusefulforsecondarycancers,calledmetastases,whichsometimesspreadaroundthebodyafterthefirsttumourappears."There'sanawfulstatisticofpatientsinthewest...withmalignantcancers;75%ofthemgoontodiefrommetastases,"saidProfSeymour.

　　13.Twovirusesarelikelytobeexaminedinthefirstclinicaltrials:

adenovirus,whichnormallycausesacold-likeillness,andvaccinia,whichcausescowpoxandisalsousedinthevaccineagainstsmallpox.Forsafetyreasons,bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial,butProfSeymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.

　　14.Thefirsttrialswilluseuncoatedadenovirusandvacciniaandwillbedeliveredlocallytolivertumours,inordertoestablishwhetherthetreatmentissafeinhumansandwhatdoseofviruswillbeneeded.Severalmoreyearsoftrialswillbeneeded,eventuallyalsoonthepolymer-coatedviruses,beforethetherapycanbeconsideredforuseintheNHS.Thoughtheapproachwillbeexaminedatfirstforcancersthatdonotrespondtoconventionaltreatments,ProfSeymourhopesthatonedayitmightbeappliedtoallcancers.

　　（665words）

　　Questions1-6

　　Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?

Forquestions1-6write

　　TRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

　　FALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

　　NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage

　　1.Virustherapy,ifsuccessful,hasanadvantageineliminatingside-effects.

　　2.CancerResearchUKisquitehopefulaboutProfessorSeymour’sworkonthevirustherapy.

　　3.Viruscankillcancercellsandstopthemfromgrowingagain.

　　4.Cancer’sAchilles’heelreferstothefactthatvirusmaystaysafelyinatumorandreplicate.

　　5.Toinfectthecancercells,agooddealofvirusesshouldbeinjectedintothetumor.

　　6.Researchesonanimalsindicatethatviruscouldbeusedasanewwaytotreatdrug-resistanttumors.

　　Question7-9

　　Basedonthereadingpassage,choosetheappropriateletterfromA-Dforeachanswer.

　　7.Informationaboutresearchesonviruseskillingtumorcellscanbefound

　　（A）onTV

　　（B）inmagazines

　　（C）oninternet

　　（D）innewspapers

　　8.Totreattumorsspreadingoutinbody,researcherstryto

　　（A）changethebody’immunesystem

　　（B）injectchemotherapydrugsintobloodstream.

　　（C）increasetheamountofinjection

　　（D）disguisethevirusesonthewaytotumors.

　　9.Whenthechemicalmodifiedvirusintumorreplicates,thecopies

　　（A）willsoonescapefromthetumorandspreadout.

　　（B）willbewipedoutbythebody’simmunesystem.

　　（C）willbeimmediatelyrecognizedbytheresearchers.

　　（D）willeventuallystopthetumorfromspreadingout.

　　Questions10-13

　　Completethesentencesbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthelistofwords.Youcanonlyuseeachwordonce.

　　NBTherearemorewordsinthelistthanspacessoyouwillnotusethemall.

　　Inthefirstclinicaltrials,scientistswilltryto……10……adenovirusandvaccinia,soboththeviruseswillbelesspathogenicthanthe……11…….Theseuncoatedviruseswillbeapplieddirectlytocertainareastoconfirmsafetyonhumanbeingsandtheright……12……needed.Theexperimentswillfirstlybe……13……tothetreatmentofcertaincancers

　　ListofWords

　　dosagerespondingsmallpoxvirus

　　disablenaturalonesinject

　　directedtreatmentcold-likeillness

　　killpatientsexamined

　　AnswersKeys:

　　1.答案：

FALSE（见第2段：

Ifsuccessful,virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer,whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.Virustherapy只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。

）

　　2.答案：

TRUE（见第3段，特别是最后一句：

CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProfSeymour'spioneeringtechniques.）

　　3.答案：

NOTGIVEN（文中没有提到virus可以抑制肿瘤细胞再生长）

　　4.答案：

TRUE（见第5段第3、4句：

这里“cancer’sAchilles'heel”指“Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour,virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.”Achilles'heel的意思是“唯一致命弱点”）

　　5.答案：

FALSE（见第6段第第1句：

Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer.）

　　6.答案：

TRUE（见第7段：

Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrug.……,whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'vehadbefore."）

　　7.答案：

B（见第8段第1、2句：

Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”）

　　8.答案：

D（见第9段第1句：

ProfSeymour'sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody'simmunesystem,……“mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”，在这里和“disguise”同义。

）

　　9.答案：

B（见第11段第2句：

Iftheyescapefromthetumour,thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'simmunesystem..“mopup”这里与“wipeout”同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。

）

　　10.答案：

disable（见第13段最后1句：

Forsafetyreasons,bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial,butProfSeymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.）

　　11.答案：

naturalones（见第13段最后1句：

Forsafetyreasons,bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial,butProfSeymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.）

　　12.答案：

dosage（见第14段第1句：

Thefirsttrialswilluseuncoatedadenovirusandvacciniaandwillbedeliveredlocallytolivertumours,inordertoestablishwhetherthetreatmentissafeinhumansandwhatdoseofviruswillbeneeded.）

　　13.答案：

directed（见第14段最后1句：

Thoughtheapproachwillbeexaminedatfirstforcancersthatdonotrespondtoconventionaltreatments,

　　TheGuardian1.Britishscientistsarepreparingtolaunchtrialsofaradicalnewwaytofightcancer,whichkillstumoursbyinfectingthemwithviruseslikethecommoncold.

　　2.Ifsuccessful,virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer,whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.

　　3.LeonardSeymour,aprofessorofgenetherapyatOxfordUniversity,whohasbeenworkingonthevirustherapywithcolleaguesinLondonandtheUS,willleadthetrialslaterthisyear.CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProfSeymour'spioneeringtechniques.

　　4.Oneofthecountry'sleadinggeneticists,ProfSeymourhasbeenworkingwithvirusesthatkillcancercellsdirectly,whileavoidingharmtohealthytissue."Inprinciple,you'vegotsomethingwhichcouldbemanytimesmoreeffectivethanregularchemotherapy,"hesaid.

　　5.Cancer-killingvirusesexploitthefactthatcancercellssuppressthebody'slocalimmunesystem."Ifacancerdoesn'tdothat,theimmunesystemwipesitout.Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour,virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'snoimmunesystemtostopt