现在完成时.docx

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现在完成时.docx

现在完成时

现在完成时

篇一:

现在完成时的句型、用法及例句

现在完成时

一.构成

助动词have/has+过去分词

例:

肯定句Ihaveworked.Hehasworked.

否定句Ihavenot(haven't)worked.Hehasnot(hasn't)worked.疑问句Haveyouworked?

Hasheworked?

回答Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.

二.功能及意义

1.但没有具体的过去时间修饰。

常由下列副词修饰:

ever曾经,never从不,already已经,yet还(未),(yet只用在否定句和疑问句中),just刚刚,recently,lately近来,sofar迄今为止=untilnow,uptonow,before以前

例:

HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?

你曾经去过长城吗?

Ihaveneverheardofsuchaman.我从没有听说过那个人。

Wehavejusthadlunch我们刚刚吃过午饭

Ihavealreadyreturnedyourmoney.我已经把钱还给你了。

Ihaven'tfoundmybookyet.(否)我还没有找到笔记本

Haveyoudoneyourhomeworkyet?

(疑)你做作业了吗?

Haveyouheardfromhimrecently?

你最近收到他的来信了吗?

Sofar,noonehasmadeanymistakesyet.迄今为止还没有人犯错误Ihavenevertraveledbyplanebefore.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过

2表示一个动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。

常常与下列时间状语连用:

→for+一段时间

IhavelearnedEnglishfor8years

→since+过去的一个时间点

IhavelearnedEnglishsince2019

→since+一段时间+ago

IhavelearnedEnglishsince8yearsago

→since+时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句

IhavelearnedEnglishsinceIwas5yearsold

→inthepast/last+时间段

WehavehadtwoEnglishexamsinthepasttwomonths近两个月来我们进行了2次英语考试

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears近十年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

三延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法

?

现在完成时中,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词须是延续性动词,非延续性动词不可和一段时间连用。

我离开这所学校已经八年了。

误:

Ihaveleftthisschoolforeightyears(×)

他借用我的词典已经两天了

误:

Hehasborrowedmydictionaryfortwodays(×)

?

非延续动词与一段时间连用时,可做相应转化

因此?

中例句正确形式分别为

我离开这所学校已经八年了。

正:

Ihavebeenawayfromthisschoolforeightyears(√)

他借用我的词典已经两天了

正:

Hehaskeptmydictionaryfortwodays(√)

其它非延续性动词与时间段连用时的变形

buy→haveborrow→keep,

fallasleep→beasleepleave→beaway

begin→beondie→bedead,

join→bein或beamemberofreturn→beback

come/arrive→beingetup→beup,

marry→bemarriedcatchacold→haveacold

?

在否定句中短暂性动词可与段时间连用

Ihaven'tgonetoseehimforseveralmonths(我已经好几个月没有去看他了)Ihaven'tboughtanythingfortwomonths

四区分

?

havebeento+地点;表示去过某个地方(已经回来),常与ever,never,几次,等连用

?

havegoneto+地点:

表示到地方去了(还没回来)

?

havebeenin+地点:

表示到了某个地方(多久了),常与for+段时间连用

比较:

HehasbeentoChinatwice(曾经去过,现在不在中国)

HehasgonetoChina他到中国去了.(他可能已在去中国的路上,或已到中国,总之,现在不在这里)

HehasbeeninChinafortwoyears(他到中国已经两年了)

五对完成时的提问用howlong.....?

不能用when...?

六现在完成时常用句型

1Itisthefirst/secondtime....that....结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity

这是我第一次参观这座城市

Itisthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate

这是这个男生第三次迟到了

2Thisisthe...that..结构,that从句要用现在完成时

ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen

这是我看过的最好的电影

ThisisthefirsttimethatI'veheardhimsing

这是我第一次听他唱歌

3Itis/Ithasbeen+时间段+since...

Ithasbeen/It's5yearssincewelastmet.

自从上一次我们相遇到现在已经是五年了

It's/Ithasbeen3monthssincethemandied那人死去3个月了

4一段时间+完成时结构+since引导的时间状语从句

TwoyearshaspassedsinceIcamehere.

七现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1998等。

而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生联系,它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用

Ihaveseenthefilm我看过这部电影(我了解这部电影的内容)

Isawthefilmlastweek我上周看了这部电影(只说明shangxingqi

篇二:

现在完成时-教学设计(全英文超详细)

Ⅰ.Teachingaims:

1.Knowledge:

a.Thestructureofthepresentperfecttense.

b.Theusagesofpresentperfecttense.

2.Ability:

a.Enablestudentstousethecorrecttenseintheirwritingandspeaking.

b.Enablestudentstousetherightwordsinthepresentperfecttense.

3.Feelingsandattitude:

a.LetthestudentsknowtheimportanceofEnglishgrammar.

b.Trytobuildupstudents’confidenceinthemselves

c.EncouragestudentstospeakEnglishinpublic.

Ⅱ.ImportantPoints:

a.letthestudentsunderstandstheusagesofpresentperfecttense.

b.Thedifferencesbetweenpastsimpletenseandpresentperfecttense.

Ⅲ.DifficultPoints:

Helpstudentsusepresentperfecttensewithverbstodescribeeventshappenataparticularpointintimeandtodescribeeventsthatcancontinueoveraperiodoftime.

Ⅳ.Teachingmethodology:

TheNewSeniorEnglishCurriculumStandardsaimseducationforallstudentsandstressedquality-orientededucation.Themaintaskofeducationistostimulateandcultivatestudents’interestandtheirconfidenceinlearningthelanguage,helpthemdevelopgoodlearninghabitsandformeffectivelearningstrategies,facilitateautonomyandcooperativespiritinlearning;enablestudentstomasterbasicEnglishlanguageknowledgeandskillsinlistening,speaking,readingandwriting.

Accordingtothenewstandards,thestudentsshouldbethecenteroftheclassandtheteacherservesasacontroller,organizer,participant,orresource-providermosttimes.Consideredwiththecharacteristicoftheteachingcontentsandthelearners,Iwillapplyexplanationandpracticinginmyteaching.Mostoftheusageswillbesummarizedbystudentsthemselves.

Ⅴ.Teachingaids

Acomputer,aprojector,blackboard,chalks

Ⅵ.Teachingprocedures:

Step1.Revision&lead-in(2min)

1.Invitestudentstoreadsentencesusingpresentperfecttensetheyhavefoundbeforetheclass.

S1:

I’veseenquitealotofChina.

S2:

I’vevisitedsomebeautifulcities.

S3:

Theyhavejustcompletedit.

S4:

...

2.Showsomesentencesontheboard.

1).Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.

2).Mywife’sjustboughtabeautifuldressfromoneoftheshopsthere.

3).It’sgotsomereallyprettyparks.

4).Afriend’stoldmeaboutanicefishrestaurant.

Step2.Presentperfecttense

1.Thestructureofpresentperfecttense.

Afterreadingthesesentences,askstudentstofindthestructureofthesesentenceswithpresentperfecttense.

1).have/has+done

2).have/has+not+done

3).Have/has+been+done

2.Theusageofpresentperfecttense

Playtheflash(apigandhismom),andtellstudentstorecallthemainusagesofthistense.

Q:

thestoryhappensinthepast,butthepigandhismomusepresentperfecttensetodescribeit,canyoutellmethereason?

Drawatimelineontheblackboard:

1).Usage1:

“完成用法”

①强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用状语有:

already,yet,never,ever,just,before...

E.g.1.Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.

E.g.2.Ihavelostmywallet.

E.g.3.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Iamfree.

②Showthefollowingsentencesandhavestudentssummarizethedifferencebetweenthepastsimpletenseandpresentperfecttense.

Hehasalreadyreadthatbook.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容)

Hereadthatbooklastyear.(只说明他去年读过那本书)

HehasgonetoAmerica.(他现在不在此地,在美国)

HewenttoAmericaeightweeksago.(只说明他去过美国)

summary:

一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在情况无关,常用时间状语为yesterday,lastyear,inthepast等,而现在完成时与现在有关。

③showtwopicturesandguidestudentstodescribethemwithpresentperfecttense.

E.g.1.Hehasjustlosthisjob.

E.g.2.Shehasjustgottheletter.

2).Usage2:

“未完成用法”

表动作或状态已开始,持续到现在,可能还会继续进行下去,常用时间状语since+时间段ago/时间点/从句,for+时间段,sincethen,eversince,sofar,uptonow.

E.g.1.Ihavelivedheresince2019.

E.g.2.IhavestudiedEnglishforsevenyears.

E.g.3.Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.

E.g.4.Hehasstayedheresince5hoursago.

Step3.Twokindsofverbs

1.Thedefinitions

1).Leadinthispartbyaskingstudentsaquestion:

Q:

thepigsaid“It’sdiedforacoupleofdays”first,thenhechangeditto“It’sbeendeadforacoupleofdays”,doyouknowthereasonwhythefirstsentenceiswrong?

现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,短暂性动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

2).Showtwogroupsofwordsandleadstudentstogetthedefinitions.

①短暂性动词:

表示短暂的运动状态(瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词).(start,begin,come,go,leave,arrive,reach,join,marry,open,close,give,lend,borrow,finish,break,see,hear,notice,find,understand,die...)

②延续性动词:

表示持续的行为或状态的动词,能和表示一段时间的状语连用.(be,keep,have,live,study,work,teach,stay,read,play,fly,talk,rain,run...)

2.Replacementofthesetwokindsofverbs

Helpstudentsknowthecorrespondingverbofverbdescribingeventshappenataparticularpointintimewithagroupofcorrectionexercises.

1)Shehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.(buy---have)

2)AnnhasgonetoChinasincesixmonthsago.(come/goto---bein;leave---beaway)

3)Mybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.(join---bein/amemberof)

4)Ihaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.(borrow---keep)

5)Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.(begin/start---beon)

6)Thematchhasfinishedforhalfanhour.(finish---beover)

7)Hisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.(die---bedead;marry---bemarried)

Step4.Exercises

Showtheexercisesontheboardandhavestudentsdothemtogether.

1.Theoldworker_____inourfactoryfor30years.

A.hadworkedB.hasworkedC.workedD.works

2.It___tenyearssincethey____toFrance.

A.was;movedB.was;havemovedC.is;hasmovedD.is;moved

3.---Howareyoutoday?

---Oh,I____asillasIdotodayforaverylongtime.

A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeeling

C.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt

4.Itisthethirdtimeyou__latethisweek.

A.hadarrivedB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.arearriving

5.we_____morethan3000treesinthepastthreeyears.

A.plantB.PlantedC.hadplantedD.haveplanted

6.Mr.Wangisn'there.He_____thestationtoseehisfriendoff.

A.hasbeeninB.hasbeento

C.hasgoneinD.hasgoneto

7.---___TomandLucy___married?

---Foraboutthreeyears.

A.Howlonghave;been

B.Howlonghave;got

C.Howlongwere;being

D.Howlongdid;get

Step5.Summary&homework

1.Summary.

Afterfinishingtheexercises,letseveralstudentsstandupandrepeatwhattheyhavelearnedthisclass,thenifnecessary,theteacheraddssomethingtheymissed.

2.Homework

Completetheactivi

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