c语言大作业学生管理系统.docx
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c语言大作业学生管理系统
#include"stdafx.h"
#include
#include
#include
#include
#defineN100
structstudent
{
charname[10];
intnum;
charsex[10];
floatmath;
floatyingyu;
floatzhengzhi;
floatywen;
floataver;
floatsum;
}stu;
voidmenu()
{
system("cls");
printf("*欢迎使用学生成绩管理系统*\n");
printf("*=======================*\n");
printf("*请选择相应的功能:
*\n");
printf("*1.成绩录入*\n");
printf("*2.查询成绩*\n");
printf("*3.修改成绩*\n");
printf("*4.插入成绩*\n");
printf("*5.报表输出*\n");
printf("*6.删除操作*\n");
printf("*0.退出系统*\n");
printf("*=======================*\n");
printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n****\n");
}
//成绩录入
voidinput()
{
system("cls");
FILE*fp;
studentxs;/*定义一个结构体变量来装从文件中读出来的数据*/
intc=1;
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","ab"))==NULL)
{
printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
printf("\n成绩录入");
printf("\n****************************************************");
while(c++)/*中间加油break,可使循环中断*/
{printf("\n请输入您的姓名(姓名为end结束):
");
scanf("%s",xs.name);
if(strcmp(xs.name,"end")==0)break;/*判断姓名是否为end,用字符串判断*/
printf("\n请输入学号:
");
scanf("%d",&xs.num);
printf("\n性别:
");
scanf("%s",&xs.sex);
printf("\n请输入数学的成绩:
");
scanf("%f",&xs.math);
printf("\n请输入英语的成绩:
");
scanf("%f",&xs.yingyu);
printf("\n请输入政治的成绩:
");
scanf("%f",&xs.zhengzhi);
printf("\n请输入语文的成绩:
");
scanf("%f",&xs.ywen);
xs.aver=0;/*给平均分变量赋初值*/
xs.aver=(xs.math+xs.yingyu+xs.zhengzhi+xs.ywen)/4;
xs.sum=0;
xs.sum=xs.math+xs.yingyu+xs.zhengzhi+xs.ywen;
fwrite(&xs,sizeof(stu),1,fp);//将成绩信息写入文件
system("cls");
}
fclose(fp);
}
voidxingming()
{
FILE*fp;
studentxs;
charname[10];
printf("\n输入要查学生的姓名:
");scanf("%s",name);
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb"))==NULL)
{printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&xs,sizeof(stu),1,fp);
if(strcmp(xs.name,name)==0)/*按姓名查询时判断输入的姓名是否存在,会循环从数据中找取*/
{
printf("\n学生的信息如下:
\n");
printf("\n%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s\n","姓名","学号","性别","数学","英语","政治","语文","平均成绩","总成绩");
printf("\n%10s%6d%6s%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f\n",xs.name,xs.num,xs.sex,xs.math,xs.yingyu,xs.zhengzhi,xs.ywen,xs.aver,xs.sum);
break;
}
}
if(feof(fp))
printf("\n查找失败");/*学生不存在*/
fclose(fp);
}
voidxuehao()
{
FILE*fp;
studentxs;
intnum;
printf("\n输入要查学生的学号:
");scanf("%d",&num);
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb"))==NULL)
{printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&xs,sizeof(stu),1,fp);
if(xs.num==num)/*按学号查询时判断输入的学号是否存在,会循环从数据中找取*/
{
printf("\n学生的信息如下:
\n");
printf("\n%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s\n","姓名","学号","性别","数学","英语","政治","语文","平均成绩","总成绩");
printf("\n%10s%6d%6s%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f\n",xs.name,xs.num,xs.sex,xs.math,xs.yingyu,xs.zhengzhi,xs.ywen,xs.aver,xs.sum);
break;
}
}
if(feof(fp))printf("\n查找失败");
fclose(fp);
}
//查询
voidsearch()
{
charch1;
system("cls");
printf("请输入按何种方式查询:
\n");
printf("\n1-姓名,2-学号:
");
ch1=getchar();/*用字符接收*/
switch(ch1)/*判断*/
{
case'1':
xingming();break;
case'2':
xuehao();break;
}
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
getch();/*让屏幕停留同时按任意键返回*/
}
//修改:
输入学生的姓名,查找该学生,若找到则修改该生的成绩信息,并显示修改前后的结果;
voidmodi()
{
studentxs;
FILE*fp;
charname[10];
system("cls");
printf("\n输入要修改的学生的姓名:
");scanf("%s",name);
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb+"))==NULL)
{printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&xs,sizeof(stu),1,fp);
if(strcmp(xs.name,name)==0)/*判断输入要修改的姓名是否存在*/
{
printf("修改前学生的信息如下:
\n");
printf("\n%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s\n","姓名","学号","性别","数学","英语","政治","语文","平均成绩","总成绩");
printf("\n%10s%6d%6s%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f\n",xs.name,xs.num,xs.sex,xs.math,xs.yingyu,xs.zhengzhi,xs.ywen,xs.aver,xs.sum);
printf("\n请输入该生的数学成绩:
");scanf("%f",&xs.math);
printf("\n英语成绩:
");scanf("%f",&xs.yingyu);
printf("\n政治成绩:
");scanf("%f",&xs.zhengzhi);
printf("\n语文成绩:
");scanf("%f",&xs.ywen);
xs.aver=(xs.math+xs.yingyu+xs.zhengzhi+xs.ywen)/4;
xs.sum=xs.math+xs.yingyu+xs.zhengzhi+xs.ywen;
break;
}
}
if(!
feof(fp))
{
printf("\n修改后的学生的信息如下:
\n");
printf("\n%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s\n","姓名","学号","性别","数学","英语","政治","语文","平均成绩","总成绩");
printf("\n%10s%6d%6s%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f\n",xs.name,xs.num,xs.sex,xs.math,xs.yingyu,xs.zhengzhi,xs.ywen,xs.aver,xs.sum);
fseek(fp,sizeof(stu),1);/*负号表示后退,1表示文件当前位置*/
fwrite(&xs,sizeof(stu),1,fp);/*再写入,同时把要修改的那个覆盖掉*/
}
else
printf("\n学生不存在,修改失败!
!
");
fclose(fp);
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
getch();
}
//插入:
输入学生的平时的各项成绩,插入到指定位置;当指定的位置超出范围时,将其插入到全班的最后,并显示插入成功后的结果。
voidinsert()
{
inti=0,j,k,lenth;
FILE*fp;
students,xs[N];
system("cls");
printf("\n请输入插入的学生的姓名:
");scanf("%s",&s.name);
printf("\n学生的学号:
");scanf("%d",&s.num);
printf("\n学生的性别:
");scanf("%s",&s.sex);
printf("\n数学成绩:
");scanf("%f",&s.math);
printf("\n英语成绩:
");scanf("%f",&s.yingyu);
printf("\n政治成绩:
");scanf("%f",&s.zhengzhi);
printf("\n语文成绩:
");scanf("%f",&s.ywen);
s.aver=(s.math+s.yingyu+s.zhengzhi+s.ywen)/4;
s.sum=s.math+s.yingyu+s.zhengzhi+s.ywen;
printf("\n插入位置:
");scanf("%d",&k);
//i=0;
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);
}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&xs[i],sizeof(stu),1,fp);/*把数据读入到结构体数组中*/
if(feof(fp))break;
i++;
}
fclose(fp);
lenth=i;
if(k=0)/*k的位置要位于数组范围之内*/
{//插入
for(j=lenth-1;j>=k;j--)
xs[j+1]=xs[j];/*一开始j是最大的,往后移一个这样移动避免数据被覆盖*/
/*循环是只循环这一句的*/
xs[k]=s;/*将输入的学生信息加入这个k位置*/
lenth++;/*长度+1*/
//写回
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能建立文件!
!
\n");exit(0);
}
for(i=0;ifwrite(&xs[i],sizeof(stu),1,fp);
}
else/*不再数组范围之内*/
{
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","ab"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能建立文件!
!
\n");exit(0);
}
fwrite(&s,sizeof(stu),1,fp);
}
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
fclose(fp);
}
//显示
voidprint()
{
FILE*fp;
students;
system("cls");
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);
}
printf("学生成绩表");
printf("\n*****************************************************");
printf("\n%10s%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s%6s\n","姓名","学号","性别","数学","英语","政治","语文","平均成绩","总成绩");
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&s,sizeof(stu),1,fp);//从文件中读取成绩信息
if(feof(fp))break;//判断是否文件尾
printf("\n%10s%6d%6s%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f%6.2f\n",s.name,s.num,s.sex,s.math,s.yingyu,s.zhengzhi,s.ywen,s.aver,s.sum);
}
fclose(fp);
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
getch();
}
//统计
voidtongji()
{
inti=0,j=0,k=0,l=0,m=0,n,p,q,r,t,u;
FILE*fp;
students[N],*p1[N],*p2[N],*p3[N],*p4[N];/*用指针数组*/
system("cls");
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb"))==NULL){printf("cant'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&s[i++],sizeof(stu),1,fp);/*读入数据*/
if(feof(fp))break;
}
t=i;i=0;
for(u=0;u{
if(s[i].aver<60){p1[j++]=&s[i++];continue;}/*每个学生信息只能位于一个分数段*/
if(s[i].aver>=60&&s[i].aver<80){p2[k++]=&s[i++];continue;}
if(s[i].aver>=80&&s[i].aver<90){p3[l++]=&s[i++];continue;}
if(s[i].aver>=90){p4[m++]=&s[i++];continue;}
}
printf("学生成绩单");
printf("\n90以上的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(r=0;r{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p4[r]->name,p4[r]->num,p4[r]->aver);
}
printf("\n80-89分的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(q=0;q{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p3[q]->name,p3[q]->num,p3[q]->aver);
}
printf("\n60-79分的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(p=0;p{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p2[p]->name,p2[p]->num,p2[p]->aver);
}
printf("\n不及格的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(n=0;n{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p1[n]->name,p1[n]->num,p1[n]->aver);
}
fclose(fp);
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
getch();
}
//if(s[i].aver<60){p1[j++]=&s[i++];continue;}/*每个学生信息只能位于一个分数段*/
if(s[i].aver>=60&&s[i].aver<80){p2[k++]=&s[i++];continue;}
if(s[i].aver>=80&&s[i].aver<90){p3[l++]=&s[i++];continue;}
if(s[i].aver>=90){p4[m++]=&s[i++];continue;}
}
printf("学生成绩单");
printf("\n90以上的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(r=0;r{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p4[r]->name,p4[r]->num,p4[r]->aver);
}
printf("\n80-89分的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(q=0;q{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p3[q]->name,p3[q]->num,p3[q]->aver);
}
printf("\n60-79分的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(p=0;p{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p2[p]->name,p2[p]->num,p2[p]->aver);
}
printf("\n不及格的人有:
姓名学号平均分\n");
for(n=0;n{
printf("\n%10s%6d%6.2f\n",p1[n]->name,p1[n]->num,p1[n]->aver);
}
fclose(fp);
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
getch();
}
//删除:
输入学生姓名,若该学生存在,则删除,并显示删除后余下的学生成绩信息
voiddele()
{
studentxs[N];
FILE*fp;
charname[10];
inti=0,len,k=-1/*k<0是为后面if判断用的*/;
system("cls");
printf("\n输入要删除的学生姓名:
");scanf("%s",name);
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb+"))==NULL)
{printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
删除:
输入学生姓名,若该学生存在,则删除,并显示删除后余下的学生成绩信息
voiddele()
{
studentxs[N];
FILE*fp;
charname[10];
inti=0,len,k=-1/*k<0是为后面if判断用的*/;
system("cls");
printf("\n输入要删除的学生姓名:
");scanf("%s",name);
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","rb+"))==NULL)
{printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
while(!
feof(fp))
{
fread(&xs[i],sizeof(stu),1,fp);
if(feof(fp))break;
if(strcmp(xs[i].name,name)==0)k=i;
i++;
}
fclose(fp);
//以下是删除后重新写文件
len=i;/*结构体数组上限*/
if(k>=0)/*k>0说明找到删除学生位置*/
{
if((fp=fopen("student.dat","wb+"))==NULL)
{printf("can'topenfile!
\n");exit(0);}
for(i=0;i{
if(i==k)continue;/*从这个位置开始写入*/
fwrite(&xs[i],sizeof(stu),1,fp);
}
fclose(fp);
}
else{printf("\n删除失败\n");getch();}/*失败后重新返回菜单*/
printf("\n按任意键返回主菜单");
print();
}
//菜单选择
voidmain()
{
charch;
system("color3f");
while
(1)
{
menu();//显示菜单
ch=getch();//选择菜单
if(ch=='0')break;
s