参考中考英语复习教案第38讲+完形填空一.docx
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参考中考英语复习教案第38讲+完形填空一
参考-中考英语复习教案:
第38讲+完形填空
(一)
完形填空。
(2014,安徽)
InChina,veryfewchildrenmakepocketmoney..__1__,inwesterncountries,mostkidsmakepocketmoneybythemselves..Theymakemoneyinmanydifferent__2__.Whenkidsareveryyoung,theirparentshelpthemsellthefruitsoftheirowntreestoneighbours..Kidsmayalsohelp__3__dohouseworktomakemoneyathome..Whenthey__4__sixteen,theycanmakemoneybysendingnewspapersorbyworkinginfastfoodrestaurants,__5__duringthesummerholidays..
Therearemany__6__ofmakingpocketmoneybykidsthemselves..Firstofall,theylearnthe__7__ofmoneybyworkinghardsothattheywillnotwasteany..Secondly,theylearnto__8__moneytobuythingstheyneedorwant,suchasbooks,pencils,moviesandevenclothestheylike..Thirdly,theylearnto__9__thedailylifeproblemsbyhelpingtheirparentsorothers..Makingpocketmoneyis__10__forchildrenwhentheygrowup..Thatiswhyparentsencouragetheirkidstomakepocketmoney..
(C)1..A..Also B.AnywayC.However D.Besides
(A)2..A..waysB.levelsC.homesD.countries
(C)3..A..teachersB.friends
C.parentsD.neighbours
(D)4..A..getB.haveC.catchD.reach
(D)5..A..reallyB.hardlyC.properlyD.especially
(B)6..A..choicesB.advantages
C.problemsD.lessons
(B)7..A..funB.valueC.messageD.purpose
(C)8..A..countB.wasteC.manageD.change
(C)9..A..giveupB.lookupC.dealwithD.meetwith
(A)10..A..helpfulB.careful
C.beautifulD.successful
“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。
它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点,既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等,又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。
同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力,才能适应这一题型。
(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词:
1.语法结构所要求的功能词。
如:
连接词,连接代词,连接副词,关系代词,关系副词等。
2.具有语法变化的普通词。
如:
动词的时态、语态、语气,名词的数,代词的格,形容词和副词的等级等。
3.固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4.同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5.根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。
(二)“完形填空”题解题策略:
1.解题前要通读全文,领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现,因此,通读全文,把握文章整体大意尤为重要。
很多同学为了省时间,只看选项,不看文章。
不看上下文,不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系.结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。
2.解题时要全面考虑,确定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通,但由于文章是一个完整的统一体,词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系,因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息,对文章的情节进行逻辑推理,抓住含有关键信息的词语,理顺句子之间的关系,确定正确的答案。
其具体做法有:
❶重视首句寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章,留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题,可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。
要充分利用首句的标示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。
【例1】Mystutter(口吃)hadalwaysbeenmuchofaproblem..I'dhadsomanyspecialistsformy______overtheyears..(2013,,35)
A.speechB.studyC.dreamD.fear
解析:
由首句“我的口吃已经成为一个大问题”可知,作者在说话方式上很“独特”。
speech指“说话方式”。
答案:
__A__
Mymotheronlyhadoneeye..Andbecauseofthis,Ineverwishedhertoshowupinmyschool,beingafraidthatmyclassmateswould__1__Ihadanuglymother..(2014,十堰,41)
(D)1..A..runoutB.putout
❷明辨褒贬语境,判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性,这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图,因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断,从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息,找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子,大胆预测下文。
【例2】Atlast,hisdreamcametrue,andhisparentswere______ofhim..(2013,长沙,40)
A.famous B.strict C.proud
解析:
由全文可知,父母看到儿子通过努力实现了自己的梦想,应该感到自豪。
答案:
__C__
Iwantedtogetarideinsomebodyelse'scar,butitwasdarkandtherewasnocar..Itwasalso______otakeataxi..(2013,湘潭)
(B)2..A..easy B.difficult C.early
❸巧用平行结构,判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。
平行结构形式上整齐匀称,内容上联系紧密。
命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度,利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。
了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。
【例3】JimSmithwasapoorboy..Onedayhewasverycoldand______.Hecametoahouseandaskedayoungwomanonlyforaglassofwater..(2013,云南,41)
A.hotB.hungryC.coolD.strong
解析:
由上文“hewasverycold”可知,与cold相对的是“饿”。
答案:
__B__
Theyfoundthatthekidswhowatchedviolentcartoonsfoughtwithothersand__3__classrulesmoreoften..(2014,宜宾,47)
(A)3..A..brokeB.followed
C.obeyedD.made
❹结合常识,明辨真伪
【例4】Wecan'tforcelifetofollowourwishes..Theearthwon't______urningwhetherweacceptitornot..(2013,山西,36)
A.stop B.keep C.start
解析:
无论我们是否接受,地球都不会停止转动。
答案:
__A__
Whenyoudosomethingniceforsomeone,youshouldn'texpecttogetanything,butwhenyoudogetsomethingyoushouldbevery__4__.(2014,鄂州,45)
(C)4..A..hopefulB.wonderful
C.thankfulD.helpful
(一)(2014,亳州模拟)
Charliecamefromapoorvillage..Hisparentshad__1__moneytosendhimtoschoolwhenhewasyoung..Theboywasverysad..Mr..Kinglivednexttohim..Hefoundtheboy__2__andhadpityonhimandlentsomemoneytohim..Sotheboycouldgotoschool..Hestudiedhardand__3__allhislessons..Whenhefinishedthemiddleschool,themanintroducedhimtohisfriendinthetown..Andhebegantowork..
OnceMr..Kingwasbadlyhurtinanaccident..Dying,heaskedCharlietotakecareofhisdaughter,Sharon..Theyoungman__4__andseveralyearslaterhemarriedthegirl..Helovedherverymuchandtriedhisbesttomakeherhappy..Heoftenboughtbeautifulclothesanddeliciousfoodforher..Hewasgoodatcookingandhecooked__5__forher..Soshebecameveryfatandshefeltitdifficulttowalk..Andoneday,shefoundtherewassomethingwrongwithherheart..Herhusbandwasn'tathomeandshehadtogoto__6__atonce..Thedoctorslookedheroverandtoldher__7__eatmeat,sugar,chocolateandthingslikethese..Shewasafraid__8__thedoctor'swordsandwroteallthenamesofthefoodonthepaper..Whenshegothome,sheputthelistonthetableand__9__.Whenshereturnedhomethatafternoon,shefoundmanykindsoffood:
meat,sugarandchocolateinthekitchen..Charliewasbusy__10__there..Assoonashesawher,hesaidhappily,“I'veboughtallthefoodyoulike,dear!
”
(A)1..A..no B.some C.much D.enough
(B)2..A..lazyB.cleverC.carefulD.hard
(A)3..A..didwellinB.waspoorat
C.wasworkingD.wasgoodfor
(C)4..A..wasangryB.thoughthard
C.agreedD.disagreed
(D)5..A..alittleB.afewC.manyD.alot
(C)6..A..restB.sleepC.hospitalD.work
(D)7..A..shouldB.wouldC.toD.notto
(B)8..A..torememberB.toforget
C.tocatchD.toteach
(B)9..A..sleptB.wentoutC.cookedD.ate
(C)10..A..readingB.seeingC.cookingD.writing
(二)(2014,六安模拟)
Thousandsofyearsago,humandidn'tliveintowns..Sometimestheywouldliveincavesorbuildcamps(宿营地)intheforest..
Onlyaboutthirtypeople__11__ineachcamp..Themenwouldgohuntingwhilethewomenandchildren__12__foodfromthetreesaroundthecamp..Allthefoodwas__13__betweeneveryoneinthegroup..Everyfewweekstheymovedtoanotherplacetofindmorefood..Itwasasimplelife,butpeoplehadtobe__14__.Theyhadtomakeeverythingthattheyneeded,andtheyhadtoknowalotaboutplantsandanimals..
Nowadaysmostpeopleliveintownsandcities,andtheyworkinofficesandfactories..Lifeis__15__thanintheolddays..Therearefewer__16__,butthereislessexcitement..Somepeoplego__17__excitement—sailingroundtheworld,climbingmountains,orexploringcaves..Mostpeoplelookforwardtothe__18__,atimewhentheycanenjoyachangefromtheirnormallife..Forsomethismeansgoingcamping..Butcampingtodayis__19__fromcampinginthepast..Gascookers,readymadefoodandairbedsmeanpeoplecancampmuchmore__20__thantheydidintheoldtimes..
(A)11..A..livedB.talkedC.cameD.danced
(B)12..A..plantedB.collectedC.watchedD.bought
(C)13..A..foundB.usedC.sharedD.sold
(D)14..A..politeB.kindC.carefulD.clever
(C)15..A..worseB.fasterC.easierD.harder
(A)16..A..dangersB.storiesC.peopleD.animals
(B)17..A..waitingforB.lookingfor
C.turningonD.puttingon
(D)18..A..dreamsB.giftsC.mealsD.holidays
(B)19..A..awayB.differentC.freeD.far
(C)20..A..slowlyB.terribly
(三)(2014,兰州)
“Thegrasslooksgreenerontheothersideofthefence..”That'sanold__21__inEnglish..Itmeansotherplacesoftenlookbetter,moreinterestingthantheplace__22__youlive..Somepeopleworry__23__youngChinesearebeginningtofeelthatway..TheyseeyoungChineseignoringChinesecultureand,instead,__24__Japanesecartoonbooks,watchingKoreansoapoperasandevencelebratingwesternholidays..
It'sgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandtolearn__29__them,buttheycannotreplaceyourownculture..It'sgoodtolookontheothersideofthefence,but__30__youtakeagoodlonglook..Youwillfindthatthegrassisn'talwaysgreenerontheothersideofthefence..
(A)21..A..sayingB.wordsC.voiceD.talk
(C)22..A..whyB.whenC.whereD.how
(B)23..A..ifB.thatC.whatD.whether
(D)24..A..buyB.refusingC.refusedD.buying
(A)25..A..butB.soC.orD.because
(D)26..A..alwaysB.everC.stillD.never
(C)27..A..itB.theyC.itsD.their
(B)28..A..warmerB.warmC.coldD.colder
(A)29..A..fromB.withC.toD.over
(B)30..A..makeupB.makesure
C.makeupofD.besureto
(四)(2014,襄阳)
Assoonashefinishedhishomework,Ericjumpedontohisbicycleand__31__offinthedirectionofthebeach..Whilehewasridingalong,he__32__aboutthewhales(鲸).Hehopedhewouldseethemagaintoday..Afterhegottothebeach,Ericputhisbicycle__33__abushsothatnoonecouldseeitfromtheroad..Thenherandownontothesand..
Thoughitwasonlyfourintheafternoon,theskywasalreadygetting__34__.Ericfrowned(皱眉).Ifitrained,hewouldn'tbeabletoseethewhalesbecausetheywouldstayindeeperwater..Hehurriedalongthebeachtotherock..Itwasthebest__35__toseethewhalesfrom..
(D)31..A..walkedB.fellC.gotD.rode
(B)32..A..talkedB.thoughtC.learnedD.asked
(D)33..A..beforeB.overC.onD.behind
(C)34..A..brightB.farC.darkD.high
(D)35..A..timeB.seasonC.weatherD.place
(A)36..A..feltB.drankC.putD.saw
(B)37..A..catchB.watchC.saveD.feed
(C)38..A..aliveB.lovelyC.deadD.upset
(C)39..A..waterB.medicineC.helpD.care
(A)40..A..happenB.liveC.goD.swim