参考中考英语复习教案第38讲+完形填空一.docx

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参考中考英语复习教案第38讲+完形填空一.docx

参考中考英语复习教案第38讲+完形填空一

参考-中考英语复习教案:

第38讲+完形填空

(一)

 

完形填空。

(2014,安徽)

InChina,veryfewchildrenmakepocketmoney..__1__,inwesterncountries,mostkidsmakepocketmoneybythemselves..Theymakemoneyinmanydifferent__2__.Whenkidsareveryyoung,theirparentshelpthemsellthefruitsoftheirowntreestoneighbours..Kidsmayalsohelp__3__dohouseworktomakemoneyathome..Whenthey__4__sixteen,theycanmakemoneybysendingnewspapersorbyworkinginfastfoodrestaurants,__5__duringthesummerholidays..

Therearemany__6__ofmakingpocketmoneybykidsthemselves..Firstofall,theylearnthe__7__ofmoneybyworkinghardsothattheywillnotwasteany..Secondly,theylearnto__8__moneytobuythingstheyneedorwant,suchasbooks,pencils,moviesandevenclothestheylike..Thirdly,theylearnto__9__thedailylifeproblemsbyhelpingtheirparentsorothers..Makingpocketmoneyis__10__forchildrenwhentheygrowup..Thatiswhyparentsencouragetheirkidstomakepocketmoney..

(C)1..A..Also B.AnywayC.However D.Besides

(A)2..A..waysB.levelsC.homesD.countries

(C)3..A..teachersB.friends

C.parentsD.neighbours

(D)4..A..getB.haveC.catchD.reach

(D)5..A..reallyB.hardlyC.properlyD.especially

(B)6..A..choicesB.advantages

C.problemsD.lessons

(B)7..A..funB.valueC.messageD.purpose

(C)8..A..countB.wasteC.manageD.change

(C)9..A..giveupB.lookupC.dealwithD.meetwith

(A)10..A..helpfulB.careful

C.beautifulD.successful

“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。

它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点,既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等,又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。

同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力,才能适应这一题型。

(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词:

1.语法结构所要求的功能词。

如:

连接词,连接代词,连接副词,关系代词,关系副词等。

2.具有语法变化的普通词。

如:

动词的时态、语态、语气,名词的数,代词的格,形容词和副词的等级等。

3.固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。

4.同义词、近义词等易混淆词。

5.根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。

(二)“完形填空”题解题策略:

1.解题前要通读全文,领悟大意。

完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现,因此,通读全文,把握文章整体大意尤为重要。

很多同学为了省时间,只看选项,不看文章。

不看上下文,不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系.结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。

2.解题时要全面考虑,确定选项。

完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通,但由于文章是一个完整的统一体,词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系,因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息,对文章的情节进行逻辑推理,抓住含有关键信息的词语,理顺句子之间的关系,确定正确的答案。

其具体做法有:

❶重视首句寻求信息

完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章,留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题,可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。

要充分利用首句的标示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。

【例1】Mystutter(口吃)hadalwaysbeenmuchofaproblem..I'dhadsomanyspecialistsformy______overtheyears..(2013,,35)

A.speechB.studyC.dreamD.fear

解析:

由首句“我的口吃已经成为一个大问题”可知,作者在说话方式上很“独特”。

speech指“说话方式”。

答案:

__A__

Mymotheronlyhadoneeye..Andbecauseofthis,Ineverwishedhertoshowupinmyschool,beingafraidthatmyclassmateswould__1__Ihadanuglymother..(2014,十堰,41)

(D)1..A..runoutB.putout

 ❷明辨褒贬语境,判断是非

几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性,这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图,因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断,从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息,找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子,大胆预测下文。

【例2】Atlast,hisdreamcametrue,andhisparentswere______ofhim..(2013,长沙,40)

A.famous  B.strict    C.proud

解析:

由全文可知,父母看到儿子通过努力实现了自己的梦想,应该感到自豪。

答案:

__C__

Iwantedtogetarideinsomebodyelse'scar,butitwasdarkandtherewasnocar..Itwasalso______otakeataxi..(2013,湘潭)

(B)2..A..easy  B.difficult    C.early

 ❸巧用平行结构,判断逻辑

平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。

平行结构形式上整齐匀称,内容上联系紧密。

命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度,利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。

了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。

【例3】JimSmithwasapoorboy..Onedayhewasverycoldand______.Hecametoahouseandaskedayoungwomanonlyforaglassofwater..(2013,云南,41)

A.hotB.hungryC.coolD.strong

解析:

由上文“hewasverycold”可知,与cold相对的是“饿”。

答案:

__B__

Theyfoundthatthekidswhowatchedviolentcartoonsfoughtwithothersand__3__classrulesmoreoften..(2014,宜宾,47)

(A)3..A..brokeB.followed

C.obeyedD.made

 ❹结合常识,明辨真伪

【例4】Wecan'tforcelifetofollowourwishes..Theearthwon't______urningwhetherweacceptitornot..(2013,山西,36)

A.stop  B.keep    C.start

解析:

无论我们是否接受,地球都不会停止转动。

答案:

__A__

Whenyoudosomethingniceforsomeone,youshouldn'texpecttogetanything,butwhenyoudogetsomethingyoushouldbevery__4__.(2014,鄂州,45)

(C)4..A..hopefulB.wonderful

C.thankfulD.helpful

(一)(2014,亳州模拟)

Charliecamefromapoorvillage..Hisparentshad__1__moneytosendhimtoschoolwhenhewasyoung..Theboywasverysad..Mr..Kinglivednexttohim..Hefoundtheboy__2__andhadpityonhimandlentsomemoneytohim..Sotheboycouldgotoschool..Hestudiedhardand__3__allhislessons..Whenhefinishedthemiddleschool,themanintroducedhimtohisfriendinthetown..Andhebegantowork..

OnceMr..Kingwasbadlyhurtinanaccident..Dying,heaskedCharlietotakecareofhisdaughter,Sharon..Theyoungman__4__andseveralyearslaterhemarriedthegirl..Helovedherverymuchandtriedhisbesttomakeherhappy..Heoftenboughtbeautifulclothesanddeliciousfoodforher..Hewasgoodatcookingandhecooked__5__forher..Soshebecameveryfatandshefeltitdifficulttowalk..Andoneday,shefoundtherewassomethingwrongwithherheart..Herhusbandwasn'tathomeandshehadtogoto__6__atonce..Thedoctorslookedheroverandtoldher__7__eatmeat,sugar,chocolateandthingslikethese..Shewasafraid__8__thedoctor'swordsandwroteallthenamesofthefoodonthepaper..Whenshegothome,sheputthelistonthetableand__9__.Whenshereturnedhomethatafternoon,shefoundmanykindsoffood:

meat,sugarandchocolateinthekitchen..Charliewasbusy__10__there..Assoonashesawher,hesaidhappily,“I'veboughtallthefoodyoulike,dear!

(A)1..A..no  B.some  C.much  D.enough

(B)2..A..lazyB.cleverC.carefulD.hard

(A)3..A..didwellinB.waspoorat

C.wasworkingD.wasgoodfor

(C)4..A..wasangryB.thoughthard

C.agreedD.disagreed

(D)5..A..alittleB.afewC.manyD.alot

(C)6..A..restB.sleepC.hospitalD.work

(D)7..A..shouldB.wouldC.toD.notto

(B)8..A..torememberB.toforget

C.tocatchD.toteach

(B)9..A..sleptB.wentoutC.cookedD.ate

(C)10..A..readingB.seeingC.cookingD.writing

(二)(2014,六安模拟)

Thousandsofyearsago,humandidn'tliveintowns..Sometimestheywouldliveincavesorbuildcamps(宿营地)intheforest..

Onlyaboutthirtypeople__11__ineachcamp..Themenwouldgohuntingwhilethewomenandchildren__12__foodfromthetreesaroundthecamp..Allthefoodwas__13__betweeneveryoneinthegroup..Everyfewweekstheymovedtoanotherplacetofindmorefood..Itwasasimplelife,butpeoplehadtobe__14__.Theyhadtomakeeverythingthattheyneeded,andtheyhadtoknowalotaboutplantsandanimals..

Nowadaysmostpeopleliveintownsandcities,andtheyworkinofficesandfactories..Lifeis__15__thanintheolddays..Therearefewer__16__,butthereislessexcitement..Somepeoplego__17__excitement—sailingroundtheworld,climbingmountains,orexploringcaves..Mostpeoplelookforwardtothe__18__,atimewhentheycanenjoyachangefromtheirnormallife..Forsomethismeansgoingcamping..Butcampingtodayis__19__fromcampinginthepast..Gascookers,readymadefoodandairbedsmeanpeoplecancampmuchmore__20__thantheydidintheoldtimes..

(A)11..A..livedB.talkedC.cameD.danced

(B)12..A..plantedB.collectedC.watchedD.bought

(C)13..A..foundB.usedC.sharedD.sold

(D)14..A..politeB.kindC.carefulD.clever

(C)15..A..worseB.fasterC.easierD.harder

(A)16..A..dangersB.storiesC.peopleD.animals

(B)17..A..waitingforB.lookingfor

C.turningonD.puttingon

(D)18..A..dreamsB.giftsC.mealsD.holidays

(B)19..A..awayB.differentC.freeD.far

(C)20..A..slowlyB.terribly

(三)(2014,兰州)

“Thegrasslooksgreenerontheothersideofthefence..”That'sanold__21__inEnglish..Itmeansotherplacesoftenlookbetter,moreinterestingthantheplace__22__youlive..Somepeopleworry__23__youngChinesearebeginningtofeelthatway..TheyseeyoungChineseignoringChinesecultureand,instead,__24__Japanesecartoonbooks,watchingKoreansoapoperasandevencelebratingwesternholidays..

It'sgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandtolearn__29__them,buttheycannotreplaceyourownculture..It'sgoodtolookontheothersideofthefence,but__30__youtakeagoodlonglook..Youwillfindthatthegrassisn'talwaysgreenerontheothersideofthefence..

(A)21..A..sayingB.wordsC.voiceD.talk

(C)22..A..whyB.whenC.whereD.how

(B)23..A..ifB.thatC.whatD.whether

(D)24..A..buyB.refusingC.refusedD.buying

(A)25..A..butB.soC.orD.because

(D)26..A..alwaysB.everC.stillD.never

(C)27..A..itB.theyC.itsD.their

(B)28..A..warmerB.warmC.coldD.colder

(A)29..A..fromB.withC.toD.over

(B)30..A..makeupB.makesure

C.makeupofD.besureto

(四)(2014,襄阳)

Assoonashefinishedhishomework,Ericjumpedontohisbicycleand__31__offinthedirectionofthebeach..Whilehewasridingalong,he__32__aboutthewhales(鲸).Hehopedhewouldseethemagaintoday..Afterhegottothebeach,Ericputhisbicycle__33__abushsothatnoonecouldseeitfromtheroad..Thenherandownontothesand..

Thoughitwasonlyfourintheafternoon,theskywasalreadygetting__34__.Ericfrowned(皱眉).Ifitrained,hewouldn'tbeabletoseethewhalesbecausetheywouldstayindeeperwater..Hehurriedalongthebeachtotherock..Itwasthebest__35__toseethewhalesfrom..

(D)31..A..walkedB.fellC.gotD.rode

(B)32..A..talkedB.thoughtC.learnedD.asked

(D)33..A..beforeB.overC.onD.behind

(C)34..A..brightB.farC.darkD.high

(D)35..A..timeB.seasonC.weatherD.place

(A)36..A..feltB.drankC.putD.saw

(B)37..A..catchB.watchC.saveD.feed

(C)38..A..aliveB.lovelyC.deadD.upset

(C)39..A..waterB.medicineC.helpD.care

(A)40..A..happenB.liveC.goD.swim

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