最新高考英语 专练五 推理判断题.docx

最新高考英语 专练五 推理判断题.docx

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最新高考英语专练五推理判断题

专练（三）　推理判断题

强化训练1——

A

（2018·湖北四地七校高三联考）

Whenit'sfiveo'clock，peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday，formanyworkers，isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclocktellsthemthey'redone.

Thesedays，thetimeiseverywhere：

notjustonclocksorwatches，butoncellphonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing，particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsthatclockbasedworkscheduleshindermorale（士气）andcreativity.

Clocktimersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample：

ameetingfrom9a．m.to10a．m.，researchfrom10a．m.tonoon，etc.Ontheotherhand，tasktimershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist；eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.

What，then，aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways？

Doesonemakeusmoreproductive？

Betteratthetasksathand？

Happier?

InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnneLaureSellier，theyhadparticipantsorganizedifferentactivities—fromprojectplanning，holidayshopping，toyoga—bytimeortodolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs.“tasktime”．Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative，butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening，andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.

Theresearchersarguethattaskbasedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandundersupportedinbusinessculture.Smartcompanies，theybelieve，willtrytobakemoretaskbasedplanningintotheirstrategies.

Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice，buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy：

workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed，andbe，tosomeextent，clocktimers，taskbasedtimingshouldbeusedwhentheyareperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It'llmakethosetaskseasier，andthetaskdoerswillbehappier.

1．Whatisthewaypeopleoftendotheirworkaccordingtotheauthor?

A．Theygiveprioritytothemosturgenttaskonhand.

B．Theysetatimelimitforeachspecifictask.

C．Theycombineclockbasedandtaskbasedplanning.

D．Theyaccomplishtheirtasksonebyone.

2．Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheirexperimentsonclocktimers?

A．Theytendtobemoreproductive.

B．Theyseizeopportunitiesastheycomeup.

C．Theyalwaysgettheirworkdoneintime.

D．Theyhavemorecontrolovertheirlives.

3．Whatistheresearchers'opinionabouttoday'sbusinessculture?

A．Itdoesnotsupportthestrategiesadoptedbysmartcompanies.

B．Itattachesmoreimportancetoworkefficiencythantoworkers'lives.

C．Itaimstobringemployees'potentialandcreativityintofullplay.

D．Itdoesnotlayenoughemphasisontaskbasedpractice.

4．Fromthepassage，wecanconcludethat________.

A．itisimportanttokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife

B．taskbasedtimingispreferredfordoingcreativework

C．performingcreativejobstendstomakeworkershappier

D．ascientificstandardshouldbeadoptedinjobevaluation

【解题导语】本文是一篇对时钟型和任务型两种工作方式的研究报告。

【难句分析】Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed，andbe，tosomeextent，clocktimers，taskbasedtimingshouldbeusedwhentheyareperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.

分析：

本句中While引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”，相当于although；whentheyareperformingajob是when引导的时间状语从句；thatrequiresmorecreativity是一个定语从句，先行词是ajob。

译文：

虽然大多数人仍然很可能在某种程度上需要或者成为时钟计时型的人，但是他们在做需要更多创造力的工作时还是应当使用任务型的时间安排。

1．C　考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning”可知，人们采用了这两种方式的复合型工作方式，因此选项C“他们把时钟型和任务型的计划结合起来”是正确的。

选项A、B和D的信息在文中无处可寻，所以都是错误的。

givepriorityto...意为“给……以优先考虑”；onhand意为“在手边”；setatimelimitfor...意为“给……设定时限”。

2．A　考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative，butlessproductive”可知，采用时钟计时型工作方式的人效率更高，采用任务计时型工作方式的人更开心，但是效率较低。

所以选A。

3．D　考查推理判断。

根据第五段首句“Theresearchersarguethattaskbasedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandundersupportedinbusinessculture”可知，研究人员认为任务型的工作方式在商业文化中往往被低估并且缺乏支持。

故选项D“它（商业文化）没有充分强调任务型的实践”正确。

4．B　考查推理判断。

根据末段中的“taskbasedtimingshouldbeusedwhentheyareperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity”可知，在做需要更多创造力的工作时还是应当使用任务型的工作方式。

故选B项。

根据第四段中的“Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative,butlessproductive”和末段的末句“It'llmakethosetaskseasier,andthetaskdoerswillbehappier”可知，文中讲述的是采用任务计时型工作方式的人更开心，且更有创造力，但并不意味着做有创造力的工作会让人们更开心，所以选项C是错误的；选项A和D的内容在文中没有提及，是主观臆断，因此也是错误的。

B

（2018·长春市质量监测一）

LatelyapopularbookstoreinHefei，AnhuiProvince，hasrisen_to_famebecauseitbecomestheworld'sfirstsharedbookstore，inamovemeanttoencouragemorereadingamongChinesecitizens.

Itcomestopeople'sattentionasmorethan200,000visitorsfloodedthestoreonitsfirstdayasasharedbookstoreonJuly16thisyear，arecordhighsinceitwasreopenedtothepublicin2013.Some4,000bookswerebroughthomeonthefirstday，Treported.

Customersareallowedtoborrowuptotwobooksvaluedatunder150yuanpervisitafterregisteringwithanappandpayingthe99yuandeposit（押金）．

Allbooksonsaleinthebookstoreareavailableforsharing.Returnedbooksthataredamagedaresoldatadiscount.Thebookstorealsoprovidesabonusforbookworms.Peoplewhofinishreading12booksinthreemonthsreceiveeightpercentoftheirdepositback，andmemberscanberewardedwithoneyuanforeverybookread.

“Wewanttobringdownthecostofreadingsopeoplecouldreadmorebooks，”XuXinwei，whohelpsrunthebookstore，toldT.

Someparentsbuyalotofbooksfortheirchildren，buttheyusuallyendupcollectingdustastheirchildrengrowup.Similarly，somepopularnovelsforyoungpeoplealsofalloutoffashion，accordingtoXu.“Booksaremoreeffectivelycirculatedwhenthey'reshared.”

5．Thebookstorebecomesasharedone________.

A．tomakemoremoney

B．tomakemoreroomfornewbooks

C．toinspiremorepeopletoread

D．torecommendnewbooks

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“risentofame”inParagraph1probablymean?

A．Becomewellknown.B．Settleddown.

C．Brokenup.D．Takenover.

7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．ThebookstorewasoncethebestinAnhuiProvince.

B．Thebooksthataresoldherecan'tbeborrowed.

C．Morethan4,000booksweretakenhomeonJuly16in2013.

D．Thecostofreadingcanbereducedbysharingthebooks.

8．Whatdoesthebookstoredotoattractmorereaders?

A．Thebookstoreencouragesparentstobuymorebooksfortheirchildren.

B．Thereadersareallowedtoborrowthebooksunconditionally.

C．Thereaderswhoarememberscanreceiveoneyuanforeverybookread.

D．Thebookstoreisconsideringofferingabonusforanyonewholikesreading.

【解题导语】本文介绍了安徽省合肥市成立的世界上第一家共享书店，该书店鼓励人们阅读更多的书。

【难句分析】Peoplewhofinishreading12booksinthreemonthsreceiveeightpercentoftheirdepositback，andmemberscanberewardedwithoneyuanforeverybookread.

分析：

本句中whofinishreading12booksinthreemonths为定语从句，修饰先行词People，关系代词who在定语从句中作主语，指人。

译文：

在三个月内读完12本书的人可以得到百分之八的押金，并且会员每读完一本书可以得到一元钱的奖励。

5．C　考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“itbecomestheworld'sfirstsharedbookstore,inamovemeanttoencouragemorereading”可知，这个书店成为一家共享书店是为了更好地推广阅读。

故选C项。

6．A　考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“popular”一词，以及第二段中的“morethan200,000visitorsfloodedthestoreonitsfirstdayasasharedbookstoreonJuly16thisyear，arecordhighsinceitwasreopenedtothepublic”可知，这家书店应该很受欢迎。

risetofame意为“出名”。

故选A项。

7．D　考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“Wewanttobringdownthecostofreadingsopeoplecouldreadmorebooks”可推知，共享图书可能会降低阅读成本，这样人们可以阅读更多书。

故选D项。

B项错在“can'tbeborrowed”，这与文中的“Customersareallowedtoborrow”和“Allbooksonsaleinthebookstoreareavailableforsharing”不符。

文章提到这家书店于2013年重新对公众开放，今年7月16日成了一家共享书店并有约4000本书被读者带回家，故C项错误。

8．C　考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“andmemberscanberewardedwithoneyuanforeverybookread”可知，共享书店的会员每读一本书可以得到一元钱的奖励。

故选C项。

文章中提到有些家长为孩子买了很多书，但并没有提到书店鼓励家长为孩子多买书，A项错误；B项错在unconditionally，与文中的“Customersareallowedtoborrowuptotwobooksvaluedatunder150yuanpervisitafterregisteringwithanappandpayingthe99yuandeposit（钾金）”不符；文章提到共享书店的会员每读一本书可以得到一元钱的奖励，并不是每一位爱好读书的人都能得到奖励，故D项错误。

C

（2018·山东省实验中学高三第一次模拟考试）

Afteroneofhisclosefamilyfriendsknownforhergenerositydiedofcancerin2013,26yearoldLukeCamerondecidedtodoatleastonegooddeedaday，for365days，andhehasnotmissedyet.

TheGloucesterresidentperformedhisfirstgooddeedonJanuary1,2014，withthesimpleactoffgreetingawaitressatacafehevisited.Thenextdayheboughtfoodanddrinksforsomehomelesspeopleandfolloweditupbydonatingcoinstoawoman，whodidnothaveenoughtofeedaparkingmeter.

Thoughmostofhiskindgestureshavebeenwelcomed，Lukesaystherehavebeenafewawkwardsituations.Whenhewasattemptingtogiveawaya￡20billtoanelderlyladywhosegranddaughterwasdoubtfulofhisintentionsandthetimeheboughtasausageroll（腊肠卷）forahomelessman，hehappenedtobeavegetarian.

ThemajorityofLuke'sgooddeeds，whichhavebeenrecordedinanonlinediary，havebeenabouthelpingpeoplewithsmallthings.Hehelpedtotakeoutthegarbageforanelderlyneighbororhelpedadisabledladypickoutadressforaparty.However，theyoungmanhasalsospentcloseto￡4000ofhisownmoney，buyinggroceriesorgiftsforthechildreninneed.

Totrytoencourageotherstoperformgooddeeds，Lukehascreatedadeckofcardscalled“CardsforKindness”．Eachsuggestsasimpleactofkindness—thingslikegivingastrangerahugormakingpeacewithanenemy.ThebestpartisthatallthemoneyhecollectsfromdistributingthecardsisdonatedtotheBritishHeartFoundation,acharityth