职称英语理工B考试试题.docx

职称英语理工B考试试题.docx

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职称英语理工B考试试题

2003年职称英语理工B考试试题

2005-10-20

页面功能【字体：

大中小】【打印】【关闭】

   第一部分：

词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）

   下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

   1.Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

   AforceBinfluence

   CsurpriseDpower

   2.Canyoufollowtheplot?

   AchangeBinvestigate

   CwriteDunderstand

   3.Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

   AphysicalBmental

   CnaturalDhard

   4.Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

   AresultBjudgment

   CdecisionDevent

   5.NormanBlameyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

   AstatementsBbeliefs

   CsuggestionsDclaims

   6.Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

   ASoBSolong

   CSothatDSofar

   7.Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

   AsupposedBexcited

   CsuggestedDdiscussed

   8.Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.

   AThereforeBAfterwards

   CHoweverDFurthermore

   9.Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

   AviewBsight

   ClookDpoint

   10.Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

   AtenselyBnearly

   CcarefullyDclosely

   11.Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

   AexplainedBinvented

   CconsideredDaccepted

   12.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

   AheavyBstrong

   CkindDwild

   13.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

   AmakingBtaking

   CdiscussingDexpecting

   14.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.

   AwasteBbuy

   CuseDsell

   15.Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

   AfunctionBability

   CpowerDvolume

   第2部分：

阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）

   阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

   TheThreattoKiribati

   ThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearth-literally.Severaltimesthisyear,thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbyasuddenhightide.Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,camewhentherewasneitherwindnorrain.“Thisneverhappenedbefore,”saytheoldercitizensofKiribati.

   Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?

Theanswermaywellbeglobalwarming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants（污染物）arereleased;thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth’satmosphere.Warmertemperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers（冰川）andpolar（极地的）icecaps.

   Ifthetrendcontinues,scientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer,Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral（珊瑚）islandnationsofthePacific,likeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslands,however,wouldfaceanevenworsefate–theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Thelossofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone’sloss.Coralformationsarehometomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.

   Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomieshavealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon’thavethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andtheyhavenocontroloverthepollutants,whicharebeingreleasedmainlybyactivitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethatindustrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.

   16.ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetakenawaybyasuddenhightide.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   17.HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavyrain.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   18.Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobalwarming.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   19.Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   20.ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   21.Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantialabouttheproblemofglobalwarming.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   22.Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducingpollution.

   ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

   第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）

   阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

   Robots

   1Themostsophisticated（先进的）Japaneserobots,whichhavevisionsystemsandworkatveryhighspeeds,arestillbasedonAmericandesigns.Studiesofrobots,particularlycomputercontrolsoftware,areconsideredtobegenerallylessadvancedinJapanthaninAmericaorEurope.

   2Althoughindustrialrobotswereoriginallydevelopedasdevicesforsimplyhandlingobjects,todaytheircommonestusesareformoreskilledworklikewelding（焊接）,spray-paintingandassemblingcomponents.

   3InBritain,robotsalesappropriatelypeakedin1984,buthavebeendecliningeversince.ThisispartlybecauseBritishwageratesaretoolowtomakerobotsfinanciallyattractiveandpartlybecauseengineersnowhavemoreexperiencewithrobotsandaremoreawareofthedifficultiesofintroducingthemeffectively.

   4Ithasbeencalculatedthatarobotusesonaverageabout100timesmoreenergythanahumantodoanequivalentjob.

   5Itisestimatedthat20%ofallcomicbookheroesinJapanarerobots.ThisisanenormousnumberbecausecomicsaresopopularthattheymakeupathirdofallmaterialpublishedinJapan.

   6ThereliabilityofrobotsismeasuredintheirM.T.B.F.ormeantimebetweenfailures.Thishasrisenfromabout250hoursinthemid-1970stoabout10,000hourstoday（equivalenttoworking18hoursadayfortwoyears.）Onewayrobotmanufacturershaveincreasedreliabilityistotesteverysinglecomponenttheybuy,insteadofthenormalprocedureofjusttestingasmallsample.

   7ThebiggestsinglebenefitofintroducingrobotsclaimedbyJapanesecompaniesisthattheyincreasequalitycontrol.Onceprogrammed,therobotscanworkmoreaccuratelyandconsistentlythanhumans,whocangettiredandbored. 

   AOngoingResearch

   BExtensionofUse

   CRobotHeroes

   DGreaterReliability

   EFallingDemand

   FHiddenDanger

   23.Paragraph2_____________

   24.Paragraph3_____________

   25.Paragraph5_____________

   26.Paragraph6_____________

   27.EventhemostsophisticatedJapaneserobotsare__________.

   28.RobotsarelesspopularinBritaintodaypartlybecause________.

   29.Onedisadvantageofusingrobotsisthattheyconsume___________.

   30.Theuseofrobotsincreases___________.

   Atoomuchenergy

   BbasedonAmericandesigns

   Ctheyaretoocostly

   Dtheyarenotreliable

   Equalitycontrol

   Ffreeofcharge

   第4部分：

阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）

   下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。

请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

   第一篇NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

   Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople–nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages–haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocatree（可可树）bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500’s.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

   ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe“PotatoFamine（饥荒）”of1845-1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

   TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld’slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabduringthe1400’s.

   AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnameKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe“wide-awake”feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld’spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.

   31.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?

   A.Food

   B.Clothing

   C.Ideology.

   D.Language.

   32.“Some”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

   A.somecocoatrees.

   B.somechocolatedrinks.

   C.someshops.

   D.somesouthamericanindians.

   33.ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine”because

   A.theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse.

   B.theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoamerica.

   C.theweatherconditionsinirelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes.

   D.thepotatoharvestwasbad.

   34.Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

   A.Brazil.

   B.Colombia.

   C.Ethiopia.

   D.Egypt.

   35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

   A.Onethirdoftheworld’spopulationdrinkscoffee.

   B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia.

   C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

   D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

   第二篇Ple