深圳市龙岗区建文中学高三年级综合能力测试题一.docx

深圳市龙岗区建文中学高三年级综合能力测试题一.docx

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深圳市龙岗区建文中学高三年级综合能力测试题一

深圳市龙岗区建文中学高三年级综合能力测试题

（一）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

TranslationAsACareer

TheOpenUniversityhas50years’experienceofdeliveringflexiblelearningand170,000studentsarestudyingwithusrightnow.Thisfreeandcollege-levelcourse,TranslationAsACareer,exploreswhatbeingaprofessionaltranslatorislike.YoucanstartthecourseanytimeandanywhereifyouhaveaccesstotheInternet.

Duringthecourseyouwillmeetprofessionaltranslatorsdiscussingtheirworks,suchasthetranslationofaforeignnovel,andreflectonwhattheysay.Youwillfindouthowtranslatorsmaintaintheirlanguageskills.Youwillalsoengagein（参加）ashorttranslationactivitywhichbenefitsyouinthetranslationqualificationexam.

PartOne—thefoursectionsofthecourse

Translationasaprofession:

thissectionprovidesanoverviewoftheskillsandknowledgeneededtobeatranslatorandwhatismeantbytranslationcompetence（能力）.

Adayinthelifeofatranslator:

inthissection,sometranslatorswilltellyouabouttheirworksandaboutgivingback.

*Yourlanguageskills:

inspiteofworkingdailywiththeirlanguages,translatorsusuallydevotesometimeduringtheirweektokeepinguptheirlanguageskills;inthissection,youaregoingtofindoutmoreabouthowtoimproveyourlanguageskills.

*Translationtheoryandpractice:

explorethenotionofequivalence（对等概念）byvolunteeringinashorttranslationactivity.

PartTwo

Afterstudyingthiscourse,youshouldbeableto:

*Understandtheskillsrequiredtobecomeaprofessionaltranslatorandwhatismeantbytranslationcompetence.

*Haveanawarenessofwhatitmeanstobeaprofessionaltranslator.

*Undertakeanindependentresearchactivity.

*Evaluatepersonallanguageskills.

*Undertakeatranslationactivity.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthecourse?

A.Itistargetedathighschoolstudents.

B.ItfocusesonEnglishspeechskills.

C.Ithasmanyforeignteachers.

D.Itisanonlinecourse.

2.Inwhichsectioncanyoulearnaboutthebasicrequirementsforatranslator?

A.Translationasaprofession.B.Adayinthelifeofatranslator.

C.Yourlanguageskills.D.Translationtheoryandpractice.

3.WhatdoesPartTwomainlyfocuson?

A.Suggestionsonimprovinglanguageskills.

B.ThebranchesoftheOpenUniversity.

C.Thelearningoutcomesofthecourse.

D.Requirementsfortakingthecourse.

B

Iwasoncetoldastorylikethis:

Aperson,calledJohn,wasalwaysthelifeoftheparty—tellingjokes,talkingabouthistravels,andgenerallyamusingpeoplewithstories.WhileotherslaughedandsometimeslikedtolistentoJohn,hewasn’tanyone’sfavoriteparty-goertohangoutwith.

Oneofhisfriends,Maxine,suggestedthatatthenextparty,Johnshouldmakeachange.Don’ttalkalot.Don’ttellstories—justgoaroundandlistentowhateveryonehastosay.Johndidthis,andaftertheevent,Maxinetoldhimthatmanypeoplehadcomeuptohertosaywhata“greatconversationalist”theyfoundJohntobe!

Thisstoryremindsusthateveryonehasacentralfocusinlife,calledme.

Whetherweliketoadmititornot,ourworldrevolvesaroundwhatweknow,whatwe’velearned,whatwecareabout,andwhetherotherpeopleseemtocareaboutus.

Inmyfull-timejob,Ialwayshearpeopletalkabouthowtopresenteffectively,howtograbtheattentionofaroom,andsoon.Butoneofthekeyareasthatoftengetsneglectedistheartofactivelistening.Inafast-pacedworld,wearetryinghardtokeepupwitheverythingcominginthatweneedtoprocess.Meanwhile,wearebecomingmoreandmoreindifferenttotheartoffocusingonanotherperson,listeningtowhattheyhavetosay,andgivingthemourfullattentionwhichtakesemotionalandphysicalenergy.

Thereisnogreatergiftyoucangivetoanotherpersonthanstayingfocusedonthem,workingtounderstandthem,andactuallyputtingasidewhatyou’dliketosayanddo,toinsteadlistentoeverywordtheyaresaying.Ifyouwanttobeperceivedasagreatcommunicator,awonderfulfriend,anesteemedcolleague,andapersonthatotherswanttobearound,startimprovingyourownlisteningskills.

4.Howdidtheauthorbringupthetopicofthetext?

A.Byshowinghisexperience.

B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Bylistinganexample.

D.Bymakingupastory.

5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohnaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Sociable.B.Generous.

C.Considerate.D.Conservative.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“getsneglected”inParagraph4mean?

A.Goespopular.B.Goesimportant.

C.Becomesnoticeable.D.Becomesoverlooked.

7.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?

A.Suggestionsongettingalongwithcolleagues.

B.Theartofactivelisteningincommunication.

C.Theimportanceofhavingafocusinlife.

D.Approachestoeffectivelisteningskills.

C

DecreasingtheamountofCO2intheatmospherehasalreadybeenproposedasapotentialmeansforthe20Cclimatetarget,namelylimitingglobalwarmingtotheinternationallyagreedthreshold（阀、界）of2OCabovepreindustrialtemperature.AteamfromCornellCollege,theOakRidgeNationalLaboratoryhasnowidentifiedanotherpotentialwaytoachievethisbyusingwasteproductsfromtheproductionofsoftdrinks.

InastudypublishedinthejournalMicroporousandMesoporousMaterials,theteamdemonstratedhowsomeofthevastamountsofwastegeneratedbythesoftdrinkindustrycanbechanged.Theyusedasimpleproceduretochangeitintoaporous（多孔渗水的）materialthatiscapableofabsorbingcarbondioxide—themostabundantgreenhousegas.Muchofthiswastecomesfromdrinksthathaveexpired（期满、失效）ortheproductionprocessitself.

CraigTeague,leadauthorofthestudyfromCornell,saidinastatement.“Welookedatwastesoftdrinksandwonderedifwecouldpossiblyfindawaytotakeincarbonbydoingsomethingsimpleinthelab.”

Inthestudy,theresearchersfocusedonfourordinarysoftdrinks,includingCoca-ColaandDietPepsi,andusedasimpleproceduretoreducethebeveragesintoasodapowder.Thismaterialcontainstinyholesthathavebeenprovedtobeparticularlyskilledattrappingcarbondioxide.

“Sofar,sodapowdershavebeenprovedtotakeinmoregasthanalmostanymaterialtheyhaveevermeasured,”CaitlinStieber,amaterialsscientist,said,“Oneofthemeasurementsexaminedhowmuchcarbondioxidewouldbindtothematerial,andthepowderisthesecondhighestmeasurementwehaveeverrecorded.”

Usually,tocreatemicroporousmaterialsofthiskind,uniquechemicalsneedtobeused,butthenewprocessdoesnotrequirethese,theresearcherssay.Nevertheless,thistechniqueisfarfromreadytobeusedinreallifesituations,muchlikemanyothermethodsbeingdevelopedbyscientiststoremovecarbonfromwastestreams.“Researchersaroundtheworldarepursuingseveraldifferentapproachesbecausewedon’tknowwhichonemightbebestforcertainapplications,”Teaguesaid.

8.What’sthesignificanceofthestudy?

A.Increasingtheshelflifeofsoftdrinks.

B.Improvingtheproductionprocessofsoftdrinks.

C.Helpingthesoftdrinkindustrygainmoreprofits.

D.Turningwastematerialfromsoftdrinksintosomethingofvalue.

9.Whatcanweknowaboutthesodapowder?

A.Itpossessesaholelesssurface.

B.Itismadefromfourbeverages.

C.Itmakessoftdrinksmuchtastier.

D.Itiseffectiveinabsorbingcarbondioxide.

10.WhatisCaitlinStieber’sattitudetowardsthematerial?

A.Concerned.B.Ambiguous.C.Hopeful.D.Doubtful.

11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtechniquefromthelastparagraph?

A.Itwillreplaceotherapproaches.

B.Itisstillintheexperimentalstages.

C.Itcanfunctionwellinreallifesituations.

D.Itisdependentonsomespecialchemicals.

D

Thelossofindigenous（土著的）languagesaroundtheworldisagrowingconcern.TheRosettaProject,whichgathersanetworkoflanguageexpertsandnativespeakers,hassuggestedthatonelanguageisbeinglosteverythreemonthsandthetrendthat92percentoftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerthantenpeopleeachstillcontinues.UNESCO,meanwhile,haspreviouslysuggestedthatalanguageisbecomingextincteverytwoweeks.Thesituationisgettingworseandworseandthat’swhytheRosettaProjectisestablished.

DavidCrystal,amemberoftheInternationalAssociationofTeachersofEnglishasaForeignLanguage,hasexplainedthatlanguageextinctionoccurswhenthelastpersonwhospeaksitdies.Hestatesthatwhilethereisnothingunusualaboutasinglelanguagedying,wearewitnessinglanguageextinctiononalargescale.Thisisduetothelanguagesnolongerbeingtaughttoemerginggenerations.InCrystal’swords,thisisanissue;thosespeakingalanguagearealivingmonumenttowhatthecommunityoncewas,whichisarespon-sibilityCrystalfeelsthenextgenerationshouldcarry.

TheglobalizationofEnglishhasalsoplayedakeyroleinalanguage’sextinction.About360millionpeoplearecurrentlyestimatedtobeconsideringEnglishastheirfirst-languageacrossalmost100countriesworldwide.Itsuseinmanyfieldshasaidedthisspread.PatriciaRyan,anEnglishteacher,explainsthatwhileitistheundoubtedgloballanguage,Englishdoesnottranslateeveryviewandeverytermusedbyitslocalcounterparts（对应的物）.

CampaignerssuchasthoseattheRosettaProjectareaskingwhethermorelanguagesshouldholdofficialstatus,suchasWelsh.InWales,bothEnglishandWelshweremadeofficiallanguagesin1993undertheWelshLanguageAct,thegoalbeingforbothtonguestocarrythesameimportanceandbewidelyusedacrossthecountry—extinctionprohibitedbylegislation（立法）.UNESCOishopingthis