雅思阅读模拟题精选及答案卷七.docx

雅思阅读模拟题精选及答案卷七.docx

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雅思阅读模拟题精选及答案卷七

2021年雅思阅读模拟题精选及答案（卷七）

　　雅思阅读文本：

　　Inseventeenth-centurycolonialNorthAmerica,allday-to-daycookingwasdoneinthefireplace.Generallylarge,fireplaceswereplannedforcookingaswellasforwarmth.ThoseintheNortheastwereusuallyfourorfivefeethigh,andintheSouth,theywereoftenhighenoughforapersontowalkinto.Aheavytimbercalledthemanteltreewasusedasalinteltosupportthestoneworkabovethefireplaceopening.Thistimbermightbescorchedoccasionally,butitwasfarenoughinfrontoftherisingcolumnofheattobesafefromcatchingfire.

　　Twoledgeswerebuiltacrossfromeachotherontheinsideofthechimney.Ontheserestedtheendsofa"lugpole"fromwhichpotsweresuspendedwhencooking.Woodfromafreshlycuttreewasusedforthelugpole,soitwouldresistheat,butithadtobereplacedfrequentlybecauseitdriedoutandcharred,andwasthusweakened.Sometimesthepolebrokeandthedinnerfellintothefire.Whenironbecameeasiertoobtain,itwasusedinsteadofwoodforlugpoles,andlaterfireplaceshadpivotingmetalrodstohangpotsfrom.

　　Besidethefireplaceandbuiltaspartofitwastheoven.Itwasmadelikeasmall,secondaryfireplacewithaflueleadingintothemainchimneytodrawoutsmoke.Sometimesthedooroftheovenfacedtheroom,butmostovenswerebuiltwiththeopeningfacingintothefireplace.Onbakingdays（usuallyonceortwiceaweek）aroaringfireof"ovenwood,"consistingofbrownmaplesticks,wasmaintainedintheovenuntilitswallswereextremelyhot.Theemberswerelaterremoved,breaddoughwasputintotheoven,andtheovenwassealedshutuntilthebreadwasfullybaked.

　　Notallbakingwasdoneinabigoven,however.Alsousedwasaniron"bakekettle,"whichlookedlikeastewpotonlegsandwhichhadanironlid.Thisissaidtohaveworkedwellwhenitwasplacedinthefireplace,surroundedbyglowingwoodembers,withmoreemberspiledonitslid.

　　雅思阅读题目：

　　1.WhichofthefollowingaspectsofdomesticlifeincolonialNorthAmericadoesthepassage

　　mainlydiscuss?

　　（A）methodsofbakingbread

　　（B）fireplacecooking

　　（C）theuseofironkettlesinatypicalkitchen

　　（D）thetypesofwoodusedinpreparingmeals

　　2.TheauthormentionsthefireplacesbuiltintheSouthtoillustrate

　　（A）howthematerialsusedweresimilartothematerialsusedinnortheasternfireplaces

　　（B）thattheyserveddiversefunctions

　　（C）thattheywereusuallylargerthannortheasternfireplaces

　　（D）howtheyweresaferthannortheasternfireplaces

　　3.Theword"scorched"inline6isclosestinmeaningto

　　（A）burned

　　（B）cut

　　（C）enlarged

　　（D）bent

　　4.Theword"it"inline6refersto

　　（A）thestonework

　　（B）thefireplaceopening

　　（C）themanteltree

　　（D）therisingcolumnofheat

　　5.Accordingtothepassage,howwasfoodusuallycookedinapotintheseventeenthcentury?

　　（A）Byplacingthepotdirectlyintothefire

　　（B）Byputtingthepotintheoven

　　（C）Byfillingthepotwithhotwater

　　（D）Byhangingthepotonapoleoverthefire

　　6.Theword"obtain"inline12isclosestinmeaningto

　　（A）maintain

　　（B）reinforce

　　（C）manufacture

　　（D）acquire

　　7.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinparagraph2asadisadvantageofusingawoodenlug

　　pole?

　　（A）Itwasmadeofwoodnotreadilyavailable.

　　（B）Itwasdifficulttomoveorrotate.

　　（C）Itoccasionallybroke.

　　（D）Itbecametoohottotouch.

　　8.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph3that,comparedtootherfirewood,"ovenwood"produced

　　（A）lesssmoke

　　（B）moreheat

　　（C）fewerembers

　　（D）lowerflames

　　9.Accordingtoparagraph3,allofthefollowingweretrueofacolonialovenEXCEPT:

　　（A）Itwasusedtoheatthekitcheneveryday.

　　（B）Itwasbuiltaspartofthemainfireplace.

　　（C）Thesmokeitgeneratedwentoutthroughthemainchimney.

　　（D）Itwasheatedwithmaplesticks.

　　10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasanadvantageofa"bakekettle"?

　　（A）Itdidnottakeupalotofspaceinthefireplace.

　　（B）Itdidnotneedtobetightlyclosed.

　　（C）Itcouldbeusedinadditiontoorinsteadoftheoven.

　　（D）Itcouldbeusedtocookseveralfoodsatonetime.

　　雅思阅读答案：

　　BCACDDCBAA

　　雅思阅读文本：

　　ThesculpturallegacythatthenewUnitedStatesinheritedfromitscolonialpredecessorswasfarfromarichone,andinfact,in1776sculptureasanartformwasstillinthehandsofartisansandcraftspeople.Stonecarversengravedtheirmotifsofskullsandcrossbonesandotherreligiousiconsofdeathintothegrayslabsthatwestillseestandingtodayinoldburialgrounds.Someskilledcraftspeoplemadeintricatelycarvedwoodenornamentationsforfurnitureorarchitecturaldecorations,whileotherscavedwoodenshopsignsandships'figureheads.Althoughtheyoftenachievedexpressionandformalexcellenceintheirgenerallyprimitivestyle,theyremainedartisansskilledinthecraftofcarvingandconstitutedagroupdistinctfromwhatwenormallythinkofas"sculptors"intoday'suseoftheword.

　　Ontherareoccasionwhenafinepieceofsculpturewasdesired,Americansturnedtoforeignsculptors,asinthe1770'swhenthecitiesofNewYorkandCharleston,SouthCarolina,commissionedtheEnglishmanJosephWiltontomakemarblestatuesofWilliamPitt.WiltonalsomadealeadequestrianimageofKingGeorgeIIIthatwascreatedinNewYorkin1770andtorndownbyzealouspatriotssixyearslater.Afewmarblememorialswithcarvedbusts,urns,orotherdecorationswereproducedinEnglandandbroughttothecoloniestobesetinthewallsofchurches—asinKing'sChapelinBoston.Butsculptureasahighart,practicedbyartistswhoknewboththeartistictheoryoftheirRenaissance-Baroque-Rococopredecessorsandthevarioustechnicalproceduresofmodeling,casting,andcarvingrichthree-dimensionalforms,wasnotknownamongAmericansin1776.Indeed,formanyyearsthereafter,theUnitedStateshadtwogroupsfromwhichtochoose—eitherthelocalcraftspeopleortheimportedtalentofEuropeansculptors.

　　Theeighteenthcenturywasnotoneinwhichpoweredsculpturalconceptionsweredeveloped.

　　Addtothisthetimiditywithwhichunschooledartisans—originallytrainedasstonemasons,carpenters,orcabinetmakers—attackedthemediumfromwhichtheysculpturemadeintheUnitedStatesinthelateeighteenthcentury.

　　雅思阅读题目：

　　1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　（A）Therewasgreatdemandfortheworkofeighteenth-centuryartisans.

　　（B）SkilledsculptorsdidnotexistintheUnitedStatesinthe1770's.

　　（C）ManyforeignsculptorsworkedintheUnitedStatesafter1776.

　　（D）Americansculptorswerehamperedbyalackoftoolsandmaterials.

　　2.Theword"motifs"inline3isclosestinmeaningto

　　（A）tools

　　（B）prints

　　（C）signatures

　　（D）designs

　　3.Theworkofwhichofthefollowingcouldbeseeninburialgrounds?

　　（A）Europeansculptors

　　（B）Carpenters

　　（C）Stonecarves

　　（D）Cabinetmakers

　　4.Theword"others"inline6refersto

　　（A）craftspeople

　　（B）decorations

　　（C）ornamentations

　　（D）shopsigns

　　5.Theword"distinct"inline9isclosestinmeaningto

　　（A）separate

　　（B）assembled

　　（C）notable

　　（D）inferior

　　6.Theword"rare"inline11isclosestinmeaningto

　　（A）festive

　　（B）infrequent

　　（C）delightful

　　（D）unexpected

　　7.WhydoestheauthormentionJosephWiltoninline13?

　　（A）HewasanEnglishsculptorwhodidworkintheUnitedStates.

　　（B）Hewaswellknownforhiswoodcarvings

　　（C）Heproducedsculptureforchurches.

　　（D）HesettledintheUnitedStatesin1776.

　　8.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheimportationofmarblememorialsfromEngland?

　　（A）Suchsculpturewaslessexpensivetoproducelocallythantoimport

　　（B）SuchsculpturewasnotavailableintheUnitedStates.

　　（C）Suchsculpturewasasprestigiousasthosemadelocally.

　　（D）Thematerialsfoundabroadweresuperior.

　　9.HowdidtheworkofAmericancarversin1776differfromthatofcontemporarysculptors?

　　（A）Itwaslesstime-consuming

　　（B）Itwasmoredangerous.

　　（C）Itwasmoreexpensive.

　　（D）Itwaslessrefined.

　　雅思阅读答案：

　　BDCAABABD

　雅思阅读文本：

　　Throughoutthenineteenthcenturyandintothetwentieth,citizensoftheUnitedStatesmaintainedabiasagainstbigcities.Mostlivedonfarmsandinsmalltownsandbelievedcitiestobecentersofcorruption,crime,poverty,andmoraldegradation.Theirdistrustwascaused,inpart,byanationalideologythatproclaimedfarmingthegreatestoccupationandrurallivingsuperiortourbanliving.Thisattitudeprevailedevenasthenumberofurbandwellersincreasedandcitiesbecameanessentialfeatureofthenationallandscape.Gradually,economicrealityovercameideology.Thousandsabandonedtheprecariouslifeonthefarmformoresecureandbetterpayingjobsinthecity.Butwhenthesepeoplemigratedfromthecountryside,theycarriedtheirfearsandsuspiciouswiththem.Thesenewurbanities,alreadyconvincedthatcitieswereoverwhelmedwithgreatproblems,eagerlyembracedtheprogressivereformsthatpromisedtobringorderoutofthechaosofthecity.

　　Oneofmanyreformscameintheareaofpublicutilities.Waterandseweragesystemswereusuallyoperatedbymunicipalgovernments,butthegasandelectricnetworkswereprivatelyowned.Reformersfearedthattheprivatelyownedutilitycompanieswouldchargeexorbitantratesfortheseessentialservicesanddeliverthemonlytopeoplewhocouldaffordthem.Somecityandstategovernmentsrespondedbyregulatingtheutilitycompanies,butanumberofcitiesbegantosupplytheseservicesthemselves.Proponentsofthesereformsarguedthatpublicownershipandregu