考研英语写作句式指导.docx
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考研英语写作句式指导
考研英语写作的题材多数同我们日常生活相关,通常涉及事物间的比较,要求说明其相似性、相异性和事物之间的因果关系;有时要求考生分析事实,找出原因或解决问题的方法,或对一个问题提出个人看法等。
所以考生在复习写作时,要尽可能熟悉和掌握表达这些关系的常用句型,这将对提高写作能力有较大帮助。
1.表示相似性的句型
①Moralcorruption(A)istotheState(B)asphysicaldisease(C)istoanindividualbody(D).(A之于B犹如C之于D)
②Justaswoodsareindispensabletobirds,soistheearthtohumanbeings.(正如…,…也如此)
③Asfaraspersonalityisconcerned,Tom(A)andPeter(B)havealmosteverythingincommon.(A和B有共同之处)
④Myhobby(A)issimilartohis(B)inthatwebothlikecollectingrecords,foreignanddomestic.(A与B相似)
⑤Astheeconomiesofallcountriesarecloselyinterrelatednocountrycandevelopinself-seclusion.ThesameistrueofChina.(Thesameistrueof.Thesamecanbesaidof...也是如此)
2.表示相异性的句型
①Beijing(A)ispopulousandcrowded,whileCanberra(B)isjusttheopposite.(A与B正相反)
②China’scondition(A)differsfromours(B)inthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.(A不同于B在于)
③Whileitmaybetruethatbasketballandvolleyballsharecertainfeatures,theexcitementeacharousesinthespectatorsisnotthesame.(…是不相同的)
3.表示权衡性的句型
①Itseemssafetosaythattheadvantagesofmarriageoutweighthedisadvantagesofdivorce.(利大于弊)
②Perhapsnothingcanrivalthepleasurefromreading.(…是无与伦比的)
③Therecouldbenodoubtthatjob-hoppinghasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.(既有优点也有缺点)
④Men(A)maybesuperiortowomen(B)inphysicalaffairs.Yet,thereisnodifferenceinintelligence.(A优于B)
⑤People’sattitudetowardsdrugsvariesfrompersontoperson.(…是因人而异的)
4.表示过渡性的句型(承上启下,使新观点不至于显得突兀、武断)
①Somepeopleargueasifitisageneraltruththat,Icannotagreewiththemforthefollowingreasons..Buttobefrank
②Accordingto/Ascanbeseeninfigures/statistics/thefindings/datareleased/providedbythegovernment/aninstitute,.
③Thereareseveral/manycauses/reasonsforthisdramatic/significantgrowth/change/decline/increasein.
④Therearenolessthanthreeadvantagesinasrenderedbelow.
⑤Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.
⑥AnotherreasonwhyIadvocatetheattitudeofisthat.
⑦Lastbutnotleast,.
⑧Whatismore,.
5.表示倍数与比例关系的句型
近年来图表作文经常出现,考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型来解释图表、分析和表达数据间的倍数和比例关系:
①AsiaranksfirstbothinareaandinpopulationamongthesevenContinents.EuropeissecondtoAsiainpopulation,butinareaitisthelastbutone.
②Weallhopethatacountry’spopulationshouldbeinproportiontoitsarea,unfortunatelytherealityoftengoesagainstourwill.
③Aisafarlargeruniversity,beingoverthreetimesasbigasB.
6.引用图表内容时的过渡句型
图表式作文经常使用as从句做解释性描述的过渡,它的运用,可以使短文由图画的说明解释,陡然一转,由客观说到主观,由一般说到个体,过渡自然。
①Thispictureshows,,aswecanseeintheupperhalfofthepicture.However,thelowerhalfofthepictureshowsthat..Atthebeginning
②Asisrevealedinthegraph.
③Asthesurveyresultsshow.
④Aswecouldfindoutlaterinthisunit,hisplanwasnotquiteashehadexpected.
⑤Thistableprovidesseveralimportantpointsofcomparisonbetweenthetwouniversities.Ascanbeindicatedinthetable,thehousingspaceforthestaffofAin1995was34500squaremeters,whichnearlydoubledtheB’scorrespondingfigure.
7.描述图表常用的概括性句型
这种句子通常用于开篇和结尾。
①Thistableprovides,severalimportantpointsofcomparisonbetweenthetwokeyuniversities.
②Thetwographsdepictthesamethingseenintwodifferentways.Thefirstdiagramsimplyrecords.Thesecondgraphthrowsanewlighton.
③Thekeyfindingstakenfromthesurveysareasfollows:
.
④Ifdriverscontinuetodrivemorecarefullyandfurtherstrengthentheirsenseofsafety,therateofaccidentscanbeexpectedtodeclineevenmoredramaticallyintheyear1998.
8.引论或得出结论的句型
①Astheproverbgoes,“”.Itisquiteunderstandablethat.
②Alongwiththedevelopmentofsocietymoreandmoreproblemsarebroughttoourattention,oneofwhichisthat.
③Admittedly,therearemeritstobothsidesoftheargument.
④Contrarytowidelyheldbelief,Ibelievethat.
⑤Now,itiscommonlybelieved/somepeoplethinkthat,butIwonderwhether.
9.表示转折的句型
①Onthesurfaceofit,thismayseemtobeagoodsolution,butifthinkingagain,wewouldpointoutsomedrawbacks.
②Atfirstthought,itmayseemtobeanattractiveidea,butitdoesnotbearcloseranalysiswhenwefind.
③Superficially,itseemstobeasoundsolution,butwhencarefullyweighinginthemind,wefindthat.
④Acloseinspectionoftheseargumentswouldrevealhowflimsytheyare.
⑤Theundeniabledeficiencyinthisremarkisthatitisnegligentofthebarefactthat.
⑥However,wealsocannotdenythat.
10.表示解释、分析、引申的句型
①Oneverystrongargumentforisthat.
②Itisanobviousfactthat.
③Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutisthat.
④Aparticularlynotablecaseofthismatteris.
⑤Wemaylookintoeverypossiblereason,however,foremostreasonforis.
⑥ismainly/partly/alsoresponsiblefortherise/increase/decreasein.
⑦Wemaycite/quote/mentionasingle/commonexampleof.
⑧Arecent/nationwidestudy/survey/pollconducted/takenatauniversity/byscientistsindicates/reveals/suggeststhat.
⑨Ofcourse,thiswillhavesomenegativeeffectson.
⑩isacaseinpoint.
11.表示得出结论的句型
①Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.
②Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelyreachtheconclusionthat.
③Judgingfromallevidenceoffered,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthat.
④Alltheevidence/analysissupportsa(an)sound/unshakable/justconclusion/viewthat.
12.表示建议、采取行动的句型
①Itisnecessary/essentialthateffectiveactions/quicksteps/propermeasuresshouldbetakentopreventthesituation/correcttendency/endphenomenon.
②Thereislittledoubtthatserious/considerable/specialattentionmustbecalled/paid/devotedtotheproblem/shortageof.
③Itishightimethatweplaced/putgreat/special/considerableemphasisontheimprovement/development/increaseof.
1.Theadvantagesgainedin...outweigh/aremuchgreaterthantheadvantageswegainfrom...
……的优点远远超过我们从……中获得的。
2....bearsstartling/strikingresemblancesto...
……与……极为相似。
3.Whileontheonehand…;ontheotherhand,...
一方面,……;另一方面,……
4.Like/Similarly/Likewise/Inthesameway...
同样,……
5.Although...enjoysadistinctadvantage...
尽管……有明显优势,但是……
6....isnomore…than..,is/..,doesnot..,anymorethan…does.
……绝不比……更……
7.Manystudentslike...Amongthemtherearetwotypesofattitudein...Someofthemthinkthat...Others,however,don'tthinkso.Theyfeelthat...
许多学生喜欢……关于……他们有两种不用的观点。
有的认为……而另外一
些则不同意这种看法。
他们觉得……
8.Nothing/Fewthingscanapproach/equal/match/parallel...
没有什么能与……相比。
9.Indeed…carriesmoreweightthan…when…isconcerned.
的确,就……而言,……的重要性要超过……
10.Seriousastheproblemmaybe,itpales/disappearsintoinsignificancebycomparisonto...
问题可能很严重,但与……相比就微不足道了。
11.Incomparison/contrast...
比较而言(对比起来),……
12.Indeed/certainly...playsamore/lessimportantroleas/whencomparedto/with...
当然,与……相比,……的影响要大(小)的多。
13.Despitethefactthatmostofthemlike...,Iwouldliketochooseto...
尽管有许多人喜欢……,我还是倾向于……
14.Whentheadvantagesanddisadvantagesarecompared/weighed,themoststrikingconclusion/findingisquiteobvious/self-evident.
比较一下优缺点,结论就不言而喻了。
15.Thereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleastotheviewof...Somepeoplesuggestthat...,whileothersarguethat....Iagreewiththelatter/former.
人们并未就……达成一致意见。
一些人建议……,而另一些则争辩说……
我比较赞成后者(前者)。
16.Peoplediffergreatlyintheirattitudestowardsthisproblem.Somemaintainthat…Others,onthecontrary,holdtheopinionthat...Personally,Istandonthesideof...
人们对于这个问题的态度差异很大。
有人坚持认为……与此相反,有人认
为……就我个人而言,我站在……这一边。
17.Formostpeopletoday...hasbecometheirmainsourceof...-Butasforme,…shouldberegardedasabettersource.
如今多数人将……作为…的主要来源。
但就我而言,……应被看作一种更好的来源。
18.....maybesuperiorto...,butitposesproblemsforthosewho...
……可能比……要好一些,但有可能给那些……的人带来问题。
19.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabout...Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthat...Onthecontrary,someotherpeoplethink...:
对于……的观点因人而异。
有人想当然的认为……相反,有人则认为……
20.Thiscasehasarousedechoesthroughoutthecountrywithmoreandmorepeoplefollowingitslead,butideasaboutitvarywidely.Thosewhocriticize/oppose/objectto/areagainst..,argue/holdthat...,butpeoplewhoadvocate/favor/arefor…,ontheotherhand,maintain/assert/claimthat…arefor....Ontheotherhand,maintain/assert/claimthat...
随着越来越多的人加入它的行列,这一现象已经在全国引起了巨大反响。
然而人们对此的观点却迥然相异。
反对者认为……,而另一方面,支持者则宣称……
考研英语写作句式指导:
以万变应不变
一、注意段首句式的变化
图画作文的段首句往往是“如图所示”或“从图画中可以看出”之类,下面为经常采用的一些句型:
Asisshowninthepicture,
Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,
Itisvividlyshowninthepicturethat……
Wecanseeinthispicturethat……
Itisofconsiderableinteresttoseeinthebizarrepicturethat……
二、适当用被动替换主动,这样能更客观地反映事实。
句子开头不要总是用we/I(比如写结尾时不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto.)举个经典结尾的例子:
Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat.Bydoingso,itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively.
三、一句话用不同的句式来表达
为了加强同学们对语法知识在写作中的灵活应用,下面给出一句话的14种句式及语言
调整的效果,内容上没有太大差异,但是请同学们仔细辨别每句话所侧重的句式:
1.使用表语从句
Thepictureshowstwopeoplereadingtheannouncementonabillboard,andbeingshockedatthemessage.Thereasonisthatthebillboardisadvertisinga“saleofthedeadbodies”.
2.使用介词短语
Inthepicture,twopeoplearereadingtheannouncementa