汉英翻译中的增补与略.docx
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汉英翻译中的增补与略
汉语翻译第15讲
增补与省略异化翻译策略
一、考试解题指导:
Choosebetterorthebestversionineachgroup
1.学生违反校规规都要受到老师的批评。
A.Astudentwhoviolatesanyschoolruleswillbecriticizedbytheteacher.
B.Astudentforhisviolationofanyschoolruleswillbecriticizedbytheteacher.
C.Violationsofanyschoolrulesbyastudentwillbecriticizedbytheteacher.
2.我们的英语学习取得了一个又一个进步。
A.WehavemadeadvancesoneafteranotherforourEnglishstudies..
B.OurEnglishstudieshavemadeadvancesoneafteranother..
3.那手里拿着一本书的中年女老师正等着学生讨论问题。
A.Theagedwomanwithabookinherhandiswaitingforthestudentstodiscussaproblem.
B.Themiddle-agediswaitingforthestudentstodiscussaproblem.,holdingabookinherhand.
C.Themiddle-agedwomanteacherholdingabookinherhandiswaitingforthestudentswithwhomshewilldiscussaproblem.
4.请全体学生,于明天在会议室开会。
A.Allstudentsarerequiredtothemeetinginthemeeting-roomtomorrow.
B.PleaseAllstudentstoattendthemeetinginthemeeting-roomtomorrow.
C.Allstudentsarerequestedtohavethemeetinginthemeeting-roomtomorrow..
5.上述论述充分说明,学生在学习中起着越来越重要的作用。
A.Statementsabovementionedfullyshowthatstudentshaveplayedmoreandmoreimportantroleintheirstudies.
B.Statementslistedaboveclearlyindicatetheincreasingimportantroleplayedbythestudentsintheirstudies.
6.我希望一年四季都是春天。
Iwishitisspringalltheyearround.
Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.
二、翻译术语说明
conversion:
v→prep./n.)
(omission)
(intoasimplesentencewithinanimatesubj
(n.→adverb)
(intoapassivesentence)
(translatedassubject
(amplification)
(thechoiceofpredicate)
((literaltranslation)
(combination)
(intoapassivesentence)
我们往往从一个人所交往的朋友以及所阅读的书去看他的为人,因为人与人之间有友谊,同样的,人与书也就有书谊。
三、combination
1.Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookhereadaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps,forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen.
2.Wemayusuallyjudgeamanbythebooksthathereadaswellasbythefriendsthathehassincethereisafriendshipbetweenbooksandmenaswellasafriendshipbetweenmenandmen
3.Wemayusuallyjudgeaman’svirtuebythebooksthathereadaswellasbythefriendsthathehas,forafriendshipexistsbetweenbooksandmenaswellasbetweenmenandmen.
一、增补法(Amplification)
根据译文的语法结构,表达习惯和语义连贯的需要增加一些原文中虽无其词却有其意的一些词句从而更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。
比较以下译文:
1.挖掘含义
感冒可以通过人的手进行传染。
(学生译文)Fluewillbespreadbyhand.
(参考译文)Fluecanbespreadbyhandcontacts.
我在花园里种满了芬芳的玫瑰花,远远望去,像是一片燃烧的晚霞。
(学生译文):
Ihavegrownmanyfragrantrosesinmygarden,lookedfromadistance,itseemedthattherewasasunsetglowburningflamingly.
(参考译文):
AllovermygardenI’veplantednothingbutroses,fragrantand---iflookedfromafar---ablazewithcolorlikesunsetclouds.
2.修补语法结构
我知道她平素最喜欢些花花草草,临别时我说,采一束玫瑰点缀你的闺房吧。
(学生译文)Iknewthatshelikesflowersandplants.Whenwesaidgoodbyetoeachother,Itoldhertopickabunchofrosestodecorateherboudoir.
(参考译文)Iknowhertobealoverofflowersandplants,andforthereasonItoldheratherdeparturethatsheshouldpickabunchofrosestodecorateherboudoir.
3.Addingthesocialbachground(增补社会背景)
江南的紫砂壶玲珑剔透,泥人张的彩塑令人拍案叫绝;
(学生译文)BoththeexquisitelycarvedpotteryteapotsmadeinSouthChinaandTheshockingbeautifulsculpturesmadebyNiRenZhang;
(参考译文)BoththeexquisitenessoftheboccaroteapotsmadeinsouthChina,andtheshockinglybeautifulsculpturesbysculptorZhangofTianjin
4.Addingthewordsindicationgthetense(增加表达时态的词)
我在花园里种满了芬芳的玫瑰花
(学生译文)Iplantedfragrantrosesallovermygarden.
(参考译文)I’veplantedfragrantrosesallovermygarden.
5.SemanticAmplification
1.对毕业生可采取“双向选择”的制度。
Thetwo-waychoicesystemcanbeadoptedforcollegegraduates,whichmeansthatgraduatescouldchooseemployersandemployerscouldchoosegraduates.
2.深入开展“严打”斗争和专项治理。
Wecrackeddownonallcriminalactivitiesandlaunchedspecialcampaignstofightthecrimeandsocialevilsthatthepeopledetestmost.
二.省略法(omission)
1.减去意思重复的词语
1)他喜欢英语,可我不喜欢英语。
HelikesEnglish,butIdon’t(likeit).
2)他一开口总是三句话不离他女朋友。
Hecanhardlyopenhismouthwithouttalkingabouthisgirlfriend.
2.省略冗余用词
1)按照格林先生的说法,这个问题很微妙。
AccordingtoMr.Green,thisisaverydelicateproblem.
2)我对他讲的话,虽然逆耳,但是忠言。
Italkedtohimwithbrutalfrankness.
3)你愿意别人如何待你,你就如何待人。
Doasyouwouldbedoneby.
3.省略表语气的词或虚词
1)她就是这种脾气。
Thatishertemper!
2)
III.增补与省略翻译练习
1.送君千里,终须一别。
2.一个篱笆三个桩,一个好汉三个帮。
3.春节假期,火车票十分紧俏,人们提前十天预定火车票。
4.前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
5.让一部分人先富起来。
1.Althoughyoumayescortaguestathousandmiles,yetmustthepartingcomeatlast.
2.Afenceneedsthesupportofthreestakes,anablefellowneedsthehelpofthreeotherpeople.
3.DuringtheSpringFestivalholiday,trainticketsarealwaysinshortsupply,sopeoplehavetorushtheirticketbookingtendaysinadvance.
4.Whilethep