高考冲刺高中英语语法状语从句.docx
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高考冲刺高中英语语法状语从句
状语从句
导言：
状语从句就像一个花样年华的少女，婀娜多姿（类型很多），意会了每个姿态（主从句的意思），也就欣赏到那丝眼神的含义（连接词）。
是不是觉得学状语从句很有意思呢？
最新原创题热身后，Goody同您一起欣赏婀娜多姿的状语从句少女！
最新原创热身运动：
1.______ApplegavenosalesfiguresforitsrecentlyreleasedAppleWatch,itdidsaythecurrentquarterwasoffto“anexcitingstart”.
A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Because
2.Chinahassent158engineerstoTibet_______theycanrestoretelecommunicationfacilitiesdestroyedbySaturday’searthquake.
A.soastoB.suchastoC.sothatD.suchthat
3.ChinaconfirmsPLAtotakepartinRussia'sVictoryDayparade,______unexpectedterriblethingshappen.
A.whenB.becauseC.beforeD,unless
【答案揭晓】BCD
一、状语从句的定义
关键词：
状语，修饰，位置，引导词
状语从句（adverbialclause）在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词和句子等。
状语从句由从属连词引导。
状语从句可放在句首或句末。
放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。
1.Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuildingwhileotherswerewaitingontheairfield.
2.Tom,unlessheissupportedbyakinder,can'taffordtogotoXiamenUniversity.
3.Theyoungladyrushedintotheroomimmediatelysheheardthenoise.
状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间.地点.原因.目的.结果.方式.让步.条件.比较等九种。
时间when,whenever,as,since,till,until,before,after,assoonas,once,themoment,immediately,theday,
nosooner…than,hardly/carcely…when,theminute,thesecond,every/eachtime
地点Where,wherever,everywhere
条件if,unless,providing/providedthat,as/solongas,onconditionthat,suppose/supposingthat,incase,
onlyif
原因because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat,inviewofthefactthat（鉴于）
让步though,although,evenif/though/,as,while,whatever,wherever,whoever,however,nomatter+wh词，
forallthat,granting/granted,whether…or,inspiteofthefactthat,despitethefactthat
比较as…as,notthesameas,notso…as,than
方式as,asif/though/theway
目的that,sothat,inorderthat,incase,forfearthat,lest
结果sothat,so…that,such…that
二、状语从句的分类
（1）时间状语从句
1.when,while&as
MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyas/when/whilefatherwasawayinFrance.
When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.
【解析】as/when/while引导的从句中的谓语动词wasaway，waswalking是持续性的状态和持续性动作，三者可互换，特别注意的是while引导的从句中的动词必须是持续性的！
IwashalfwaybacktothehospitalwhenSusancaughtupwithme.
OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleave,whenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.
Hewasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang
WewereonthepointofwatchingTVwhensuddenlythelightswentout.
Tomwasgoingtohavedinnerwhenthedoorwasopened.
【解析】由以上从句中的黑体动词，如caughtupwith,heard,rang,wentout,wasopened可以看出，when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以为短暂性动词，这里不能跟while互换；此外beaboutto,beonthepointofdoing,和begoingto经常跟when（=atthattime）连用成固定搭配。
Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases．
.Justastheflyingwormhitherface,shegavealoudcry.
Thelittlegirlssangastheywent．
【解析】as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。
注：
I'llphoneyouagainwhenIgethome.
主谓宾状时间状语从句
Idon'tknowwhenI'llseeheragain.
主谓宾语从句
I’llneverforgettheyearswhen（=inwhich）IlivedwiththeTibetans.
主状谓宾定语从句（修饰theyears）
【解析】由这三句句式结构的分析，分别可以得出这三个复合句的类型。
2.一.......就
（1）assoonas,once
一Doyoumeanwearealmostrunningoutoffood?
一Yeah.Assoonasthecannedandfrozenfoodsareusedup.
Oncethenewsoftwareisinstalled,customerswillbeabletoplaceordersovertheInternet.
（2）immediately,directly
IrecognizedherimmediatelyIsawher.
IcamedirectlyIgotyourmessage.
【解析】immediately,directly在这些例句中是做连词用，相当于assoonas，而不是起副词的功能。
（3）themoment,theminute,theinstant
IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoicetheminuteIpickedupthephone.
Hesaidhe'dphoneyouthemomenthegothome.
TheinstantIsawhim,Iknewhewasthemanfromtherestaurant.
【解析】这几个名词短语起连词的功能，相当于assoonas,切记在前面不能在添加任何的介词，如atthemoment。
（4）nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when
Hehadsoonerarrivedthanthetroublestarted.
=Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanthetroublestarted
Hehadhardlyfinishedhisspeechwhentheaudiencestartedcheering.
Hardlyhadhefinishedhisspeechwhentheaudiencestartedcheering.
【解析】在这两个句型当中得注意两点：
一是否定词放句首引起主句部分倒装；二是全句的时态经常是用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用过去式。
3.every/each/anytime,thenexttime,thefirsttime,allthetime
Everytime/EachtimemyfathercomestoBeijing,hegoestovisittheMonumenttothePeople'sHeroeswithrespect.
Anytimeyouareintrouble,justturntomeforhelp..
He'dletmedownmorethanoncesothenexttimeheaskedmeforafavour,Igavehimthebrushoff.
Thegirlstillremembersthatshewastoonervousthefirsttimeshegaveaspeechinthefaceofsuchabigcrowd.
AllthetimeI'mthinking,weareallobsolete.
【解析】这几个名词短语起连词的功能，切记在前面不能在添加任何的介词，如atanytime等。
4.before
TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.
【解析】before意为“在......之前......”，根据句意可译为“过了多久后才.....”
SheleftthecompanybeforeIcouldhaveawordwithher.
【解析】before意为“在......之前......”，根据句意可译为“来不及；尚未.......就.....”
Thefirewasfinallybroughtundercontrol,butnotbeforeheavydamagehadbeencaused.
【解析】before意为“在.......之前.......”，解题时要关注主从句动词的时态。
I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong，butit’llstillbesometimebeforeBriangetsback.
Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.
Itwasthreedaysbeforehecameback..
【解析】before常用于以下句型：
Itwill（not）be+时间段+before….表示“要过多久/不久…才…”
Itwasnotlong+before…表示“不久就….”
Itwas+时间段+before…表示“过了多久才…”
5.since
Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreastcancerhasfallentoitslowestlevelsincerecordsbeganin1971.
【解析】since从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。
（2）地点状语从句
Ifyouaretravelingwherethecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown，pleasedoastheRomans
TheRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelpwhereverthereishumansuffering.
注：
1.You'dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
主语谓语宾语地点状语从句
2.You'dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhere（=atwhich）youhaveanyquestions.
主语谓语宾语地点状语定语从句（修饰theplace）
3.Idon'tknowwhereIammistaken.
主语谓语宾语从句
【解析】由以上句式结构的分析，得出第1句为地点状语从句，第2句为定语从句，第3句为宾语从句，要注意这几种从句的区别。
（3）条件状语从句
1.Unlessyou'vetriedit，youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.
2.Mostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees，butunlesstheyhaveeggsoryoungchicks，theydon’tuseanest.
3.Intimeofseriousaccidents，ifweknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid，wecansavelives.
4.—Petertoldmehewantedtocomewithus.IsitOKforyou?
—Idon’tmindaslongashepaysforhismeals.
5.Myparentsliveinasmallvillage.Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehouseincasethereisapowerout.
6.Supposethatthiscircleistheworld,andthatthecenterofthecircleisGod
7.Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnitnolaterthantomorrow.
8.Thegameisnotverydifficultonceyouunderstandtherules.
9.Youcanborrowthecar,providingthat/providedIcanhaveitbackbysixo'clock.
10.ItoldhimIwouldworkforhimonlyifIcouldhaveafingerinthepie.
【解析】unless是考试中的高频考点，要特别关注。
（4）原因状语从句
1.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?
—Ididn’tneedtobecauseI’llseehimtomorrow.
2.TheinfluenceofautomobileextendsthroughouttheeconomyasthecarissoimportanttoAmericanpeople.
3.Sinceourcountryhassomanygoodtable-tennisplayers，wehavetodecideonthebestonestotakepartinthegame.
4.Itmustbemorningforthebirdsaresinging.
5.Nowthatyouarewellagain,youcantravel.
6.Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision?
7.Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.
8.Seeing（that）herefusedtohelpus,there'snoreasonwhyweshouldnowhelphim.
9.InviewofthefactthatIwastired,Ifellasleepsoon.
【解析】
（1）
原因词汇
区别
位置
内涵
语气
能否回答why
能否被强调
because
主句前.后
直接因果关系
强
能
能
Since/nowthat
主句前
双方已知原因
较强
不能
不能
as
主句前.后
双方已知原因
较弱
不能
不能
for
主句后
补充解释说明
弱（并列连词）
不能
不能
（2）例句7中的when，也可以表示原因，意为：
since既然，考虑到。
（5）让步状语从句
1、“虽然.....，尽管......”
（1）.（A）Scientistas/thoughheis，heisstillasmodestasbefore，whichalwaysmovesallthepeoplewhoknowhim.
（2）.Unlikelyas/thoughitmightseem,I'mtiredtoo.
（3）.MuchasIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit,forit'stooexpensive.
（4）.Tryasshemight,Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.
（5）.Although/thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.
（6）.Heisunhappy,although/thoughhehasalotofmoney.
（7）.Whydoesshestealthingswhenshecouldeasilyaffordtobuythem?
（8）.Whilehehaswonlotsofprizes,hestillremiansmodest..
【解析】
（1）though既可以和as互换于表语、谓语或者状语提前的倒装句中，也可以和although互换放在句首或者句中，也就是though可以用倒装，也可以不用倒装，although一定不能用于倒装。
（2）as表“虽然”时引导的从句，一定得用倒装，既从句中的表语.状语或者动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时冠词要省略。
（3）Although/though可以与副词yet,still连用，但不能与连词but连用。
（4）when=eventhoughsomethingistrue和while=inspiteofthefactthat
注：
Iwanttotrymyhandatpolitics,orgobacktothelaw.Idon'twanttogotoschoolforit,though。
（副词，非连词，解释为“然而，但是”，常置于句末，带逗号。
）
2、“即使......”
（1）Onceagainhefailedtohandinhishomework,eventhoughhehadbeengivenenoughtimetodoit．
（2）Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice，eveniftheyknewittobevaluable.
3.“不管....;无论......，尽管......”
（1）Whateverhappens,nevertakeanoverdoseofthismedicine.（whatever=notmatterwhat）
whatever+谓语
（2）Healwayshasaneyetomakingmoney,whateverhisplansare.
whatever+主语+系动词
（3）Whateverpartheisplaying,hisowncharacterstillshowsthrough.
whatever+n.+主语+谓语
（4）Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleephowevermuchwork（=whateverwork）youhavetodo.
（however=notmatterhow）
however+much+n.+主+谓
（5）Howe
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