英语二考研真题及答案解析.docx
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英语二考研真题及答案解析
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text。
Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and
markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)
In our contemporary culture,the prospect of communicating with-or even looking
at-a stranger is virtually unbearable Everyone around us seems to agree by the way
they fiddle with their phones,even without a 1 underground
It's a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other human
beings-because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the strange r standing by you.
But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 :
"Please don't approach me."
What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?
One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach We fear
rejection,or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as"creep,"We fear we'II
be 7 We fear we'II be disruptive Strangers are inherently 8 to us,so we are more
likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and
acquaintances To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones."Phones become our security
blanket,"Wortmann says."They are our happy
glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 ."
But once we rip off the bandaid,tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look
up,it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment,behavioral scientists Nicholas
Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable:
Start a 13 . They
had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr.Epley and Ms. Schroeder
asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking
to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat
on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect
a positive experience, after they 17 with
the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."
18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans
communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social
connections. It's that 20 :
Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.
1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C]signall [D] record
2. [A] nothing [B] link [C]another [D] much
3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C]plugged [D] brought
4. [A] message [B] cede [C]notice [D] sign
5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from
6. [A] misinterprete [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched
7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed
8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungreatful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar
9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry
10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn
11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring
12. [A] hurt [B] resis [C] bend [D] decay
13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation
14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers
15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predictl [D] design
16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride
17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up
18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C]In fact [D] In consequence
19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas
20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] Iogical [D] rare
答案:
1. signal 2. Much 3. plugged 4. message 5. behind
6. misinterpreted 7. judged 8. unfamiliar 9. anxious 10. turn
11. dangerous 12. hurt 13. Conversation 14. passengers
15. predict 16. ride 17. went through 18. in fact
19. since 20. Simple
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Text 1
A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more
stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people's cortntlol. Which is
it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found
it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.
"Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men
have lower levels of stress at work than at home," writes one of the researchers.
Sarah Damaske, In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. "it is men
not women. Who report being bappicr at home than at work," Another surprise is that
the findings hold true for both those with childrcn and without, but more so for
nonparents. This is why pcoplc who work outside the home have better health.
What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they'
re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For
many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home,
they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they
often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and
the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments
for working women, it' s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.
But it's not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they're
supposed to be doing:
working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order
to draw an income. The bargain is very pure:
Employee puts in hours of physical or
mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.
On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household
in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There
are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your
home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be
talked into it, or if they' re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all
electronic devices. Plus, they' re your family. You cannot fire your family. You
never really get to go home from home.
So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the
tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.
21.According to Pa ragraph 1,most previous su rveys found that home___________
[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation
[B]generated more stress than the workplace
[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement
[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace
22.According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?
[A]Working mothers
[B]Childless husbands
[C] Childless wives
[D]Working fathers
23 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact thay___________
[A]they are both bread winners and housewives
[B]their home is also a place for kicking back
[C]there is often much housework left behind
[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office
24.The word"moola"(Line 4,Para 4)most probably means___________
[A]energy
[B]skills
[C]earnings
[D]nutrition
25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____________
[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment
[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut
[C]household tasks are generally more motivating
[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded
答案:
21.D offered greater relaxation than the workplace
22.B childless husbands
23.A they are both bread winners and housewives
24.C earnings
25.B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut
Text 2
For years, studies have found that first-generation college students-those who
do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education
achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But
since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher
education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.
This has created "a paradox" in that recruiting first-generation students, but then
watching many of them fail, means that higher education has "continued to reproduce
and widen, rather than close" achievement gap based on social class, according to
the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological
Sciense.
But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution
to this problem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour,
next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by
such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.
The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findins are
based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed
private unive rsity.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a fou
r-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were
recipients of Pell Grants,a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need,
while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent
with a four-year degree
Their thesis-that a relatively modest inte rvention could have a big impact-was
based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential
but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college
students They cite past resea rch by several authors to show that this is the gap
that must be na rrowed to close the achievement gap.
Many first-gene ration students"struggle to navigate the middle-class culture
of higher education,learn the'rules of the game,'and take advantage of college
resou rces," they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don't talk
about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because
US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect
students' educational expe rience,many first-gene ration students lack sight about
why they a re struggling and do not unde rstand how students' like them can improve
26. Recruiting more first-generation students has
[A]reduced their d ropout rates
[B]narrowed the achievement gao
[C] missed its original pu rpose
[D]depressed college students
27 The author of the research article are optimistic becaus