RFGlossary术语.docx

RFGlossary术语.docx

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RFGlossary术语

RF&Microwave Glossary

'A'Carrier:

Thenonwirecellularcompany,thatoperatesinradiofrequenciesfrom824to849Mhz.

AGC:

AutomaticGainControl-Afeedbackcontrolcircuitwhichmaintainsthegainoroutputpowerlevelofanamplifierconstantoverawiderangeofinputsignallevels.

Airtime:

Timespentonacellularphone,whichisusuallybilledtothesubscriberonaperminutebasis.

Alumina（AluminumOxide,Al2O3）:

Aluminaceramicisusedasthesubstratematerialonwhichisdepositedthinconductiveandresistivelayersforthinfilmmicrowaveintegratedcircuits.

AMNoise:

Therandomand/orsystematicvariationsinoutputpoweramplitude.UsuallyexpressedintermsofdBcinaspecifiedvideobandwidthataspecifiedfrequencyremovedfromthecarrier.

AM-PMConversion:

AM-PMconversionrepresentsashiftinthephasedelayofasignalwhenatransistorchangesfromsmall-signaltolarge-signaloperatingconditions.Thisparameterisspecifiedforcommunicationsamplifiers,sinceAM-PMconversionresultsindistortionofasignalwaveform.

AMPS:

Advancedmobilephoneservice,thestandardforanalogcellulartelephones.

ANA:

AutomaticNetworkAnalyzer-AcomputercontrolledtestsystemthatmeasuresmicrowavedevicesintermsoftheirsmallsignalS-parameters.Theuseofthisinstrumentbybothengineeringandproductionpermitsquickandaccuratecharacterizationoftheinputandoutputimpedance,gain,reverseisolationofindividualunitsandthedegreeofmatchbetweenunits.

Analog:

Thetraditionalmethodoftransmittingvoicesignalswheretheradiowaveisbasedonelectricalimpulses,whichoccurwhenspeakingintothephone.Mostcellularcompaniestodaytransmitinanalog.

AnalogDriver:

Anaccessorycircuitforanoscillatoroffilterwhichpermitsitsfrequencytobechangedbyacontinuouslyvaryingsignal.

ATE

Automatic（orAutomated）TestEquipment

ATP

AcceptanceTestProcedure

Attenuator:

Adeviceornetworkthatabsorbspartofasignalandtransmitstheremainderwithaminimumofdistortion.

ChooseAnotherWord

'B'carrier:

Thewirelinecellularcarrier,usuallythelocaltelephonecompany,thatoperatesonthefrequencies869to894Mhz.

Backmetallization:

Metalappliedtothesideofthetransistorwaferoppositetheactiveareas.Providesthecollectorcontactinbipolartransistorsandpermitsthetransistorchipstobebondedtothepackageorthin-filmcircuitsubstrate.

BalancedAmplifier:

Atransistoramplifierstageinwhichtwoidenticaltransistorsareusedandtheinputsignalandoutputpowerisequallydividedbetweenthem.ThistechniqueproducesapproximatelytwicetheoutputpowerofasingletransistorstagewithgenerallyimproveddynamicrangeandreducesVSWR.

BalancedModule:

Againmoduleofanamplifierwhichutilizesa3dBinputsplitteranda3dBoutputcouplertocombinethepoweroftwoormoreparalleledFETs.BalancedmoduleshavethecharacteristicsofgoodinputandoutputVSWRwhichlendstothecapabilityofseveralmodulesinanamplifier.Balancedmodulesalsohavethebenefitofindirectstabilityunderadversesourceandloadconditions.

BallBond（MIC）:

Abondformedwhenaball-shapedendinterconnectingwireisdeformedbythermocompressionagainstametallizedpad.Thebondisalsodesignatedanailheadbondfromtheappearanceoftheflattenedball.

BaseStation:

Thefixedtransmitter/receiverwithwhichamobileradiotransceiverestablishesacommunicationlinktogainaccesstothepublic-switchedtelephonenetwork.

BerylliumOxide（BeO）:

Aceramicmaterialhavingveryhighheatconductivity,goodthermalshockresistanceandhighstrength.Usedinmetal/ceramicpackagesforhigherpowermicrowavetransistorsandassubstratesinsomeMICpoweramplifiers.

BIT/BITE:

Built-inTest/Built-inTestEquipment-Someproductshaveprovisionsforconnectiontocustomer-suppliedtestortestequipmentthatisapartofthesysteminwhichtheproductsareused.Generally,amilitary/aerospacetermforequipmentthatcontainsanautomaticself-testingfunction.

BondingPad（MIC）:

Ametallizedareaattheendofathinmetallicstriptowhichaconnectionistobemade.

BondingWire（MIC）:

Finegoldoraluminumwireformakingelectricalconnectionsinhybridcircuits.

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CAD/CAM:

ComputerAidedDesign/ComputerAidedManufacturing

Cascadable:

Adeviceiscascadableiftheoutputportofonesuchdevicecanbeconnectedtotheinputportofanothersuchdevicewithoutadditionalimpedancematchingbeingrequired.

Cascade:

Aseriesofmicrowaveamplifierstagesconnectedinsequence（sometimesincludinglimiters,attenuatorsorotherelements）toproducethedesiredgain,poweroutputandotherperformancecharacteristics.HPmodularproductsaredesignedtobecascadedina50°micro-stripsystem.

Cavity:

Inmicrowaveparlance,ametallicenclosurewhichcanbemadetoresonateatadesiredfrequency.Primarilyusedtodescribeacavityfilter,whichisahighly-selectivetuningelementatmicrowavefrequenciesthatmaybeusedasthefrequency-determiningelementofanoscillatororasalowpass,bandpassorhighpassfilter.Generallyoffixedfrequencyormechanicallytunableoveraverylimitedfrequencyrange.

CCIS7

CommonChannelInterofficeSignalingSystem#7,aCCITTstandard

CCITT

ConsultativeCommitteeforInternationalTelephonyandTelegraphy

CDPD

CellularDigitalPacketData

Cell:

Thegeographicareaservedbyasinglelow-powertransmitter/receiver.Acellularsystem'sserviceareaisdividedintomultiple'cells'.

Ceramic:

See:

Beryllia,Alumina

CertificateofCompliance:

Adocumentshippedwithacustomer-orderedproductwhenrequiredbycontractthatindicatesthattheproductmeetsorexceedsallcustomer-specifiedperformancecharacteristics.

Channel:

Thewidthofthespectrumbandtakenupbyaradiosignal,usuallymeasuredinkilohertz（kHz）.Mostanalogcellularphonesuse30-kHzchannel.

Chip:

Theuncasedandnormallyleadlessformofanelectroniccomponentpart,eitherpassiveoractive,discreteorintegrated.

Circuit:

Theinterconnectionofthenumberofelectricalelementsand/ordevices,performingdesiredelectricalfunction.

CNR

Carrier-to-NoiseRatio

Coaxial:

Coaxialcable-Atransmissionlineinwhichoneconductorcompletelysurroundstheother,thetwobeingcoaxialandseparatedbyacontinuousdielectricordielectricspacers.

CoaxialCable:

Acableconsistingofonecenterconductortocarryasignal,surroundedconcentrically（coaxial）byaninsulatingdielectricandaseparateouterconductor（braidormetaljacket）whichactsasashield.

Code-DivisionMultiple-Access（CDMA）:

Adigitaltechnologythatusesalow-powersignal'spread'acrossawideband-width.WithCDMAaphonecallisassignedacodeinsteadofacertainfrequency.Usingtheidentifyingcodeandalowpowersignal,alargenumberofcallerscanusethesamegroupofchannels.SomeestimatesindicateCDMA'scapacityincreaseoveranalogmaybeasmuchas20to1.TheTelecommunicationsIndustryAssociation（TIA）hasawardedCDMAinterimstandardapproval（IS-95）.

CombinedRippleandSpurious:

Theworstcasetransmissionloss（indB）withintheYIGfilter3dBpassbandduetothepresenceofpassbandspuriousandorpassbandrippleresponses.

Communications:

Electronictransferofinformationbetweeneachbasestationterminalandrelatedequipment.

ControlDevices:

Acomponentusedtoswitch,limit,modulateorattenuatemicrowavesignals.

ConversionCompressionPoint（1dB）:

ThespecificationwhichstatestheRFinputpower（indBm）atwhichtheIFoutputpowerwillincreaseonly9dBfora10dBincreaseinRFinputpoweratstatedLOpowerlevel.

Conversioncompressionpointprovidesanindicationofthemixertwo-toneintermodulationperformanceandusuallyisofmostconcerninhighlevelmixingapplications.

ConversionLoss:

Theratio（indB）oftheIFoutputpowerofamixertotheRFinputpower.Allconversionlossmeasurementsandspecificationsarenormallybasedonthemixerbeinginstalledinasystemwithwideband50 resistiveterminationsonallportsandastatedLOsignalpowerlevelbeingapplied.

CrossModulationDistortion:

TheamountofmodulationimpressedonanunmodulatedcarrierwhenasignalissimultaneouslyappliedtotheRFportofamixerunderspecifiedoperatingconditions.Thetendencyofamixertoproducecrossmodulationisdecreasedwithanincreaseinconversioncompressionpointandinterceptpoint.

CT-1:

Cordlesstelephone-firstgeneration;anyvarietyofNorthAmerican,European,andJapaneseanalogcordlesstelephone.

CT-2:

Cordlesstelephone-secondgeneration;adigitalcordlesstelephonestandard:

generallyusedinresidentialcordlessphone,atelepointapplication,orasmall-officeWPBXsystem.

CT-3:

CordlessTelephone3rdGeneration（standardsstillformative）

CTIA:

CellularTelecommunicationsIndustryAssociation

CW:

ContinuousWave-Signalofconstantamplitude.Usedtodifferentiatebetweentheperformancesofamicrowavecomponentforcontinuouspowerlevelsvs.pulsedsignals.Forexample,thisamplifierwillacceptupto+30dBmCW（orcontinuous）orupto+50dBmpeak（upto5microseconddurationwithlowdutycycle）inputpowerwithoutperformancedegradation.

dB:

Decibel-Aunitofgainequaltotentimesthecommonlogarithmoftheratiooftwopowerlevelsor20timesthecommonlogarithmoftheratiooftwovoltagelevels.

dBc:

Decibelrelatedtothesignalcarrierlevel

dBm:

Decibelsrelatedto1mW-thestandardunitofpowerlevelusedinmicrowavework.Forexample,0dBm=1mW,+10dBm=10mW,+20dBm=100mW,etc.

DCC

DigitalCrossConnection

DCS1800:

Digital