定语从句-(介词+关系代词).ppt

定语从句-(介词+关系代词).ppt

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定语从句定语从句:

由关系代词由关系代词_或关系副词或关系副词_引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词的从句的从句,起着起着定语定语的作用的作用.定语从句所修饰的词叫做定语从句所修饰的词叫做_;定语从句跟在定语从句跟在先行词先行词的后面的后面.构成方式构成方式:

_.关系代词或副词的三重功能关系代词或副词的三重功能:

连接主从句连接主从句;指代先行词指代先行词;在从句中作在从句中作句子成分句子成分.that,which,who,whom,whosewhere,when,why先行词先行词关系代词或副词陈述语序关系代词或副词陈述语序TheAttributiveClauseinthetextonP34ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.主干句：

主干句：

Thetimewasaverydifficultperiodofme.when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。

指时间，在从句中作时间状语。

Iwillneverforgettheday_Ireachedhere.MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.when介词介词+whom/which,不能用不能用thatPara1TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytowyearswasthreekilometersaway.主干句：

主干句：

Theschoolwasthreekilometersaway.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。

指地点，在从句中作地点状语。

关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词Theplace_Jiangjieshionceusedtolivedhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.Para2where=inwhichThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.（Para3）Therewasatime_adeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.Wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.（Para4）TheUSAisalargecountry_manydifferentdialectsarespoken=onwhichwhenwhere=inwhichTheycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.Theycouldnotgetthejobs（which/that）theywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.作宾语作宾语Para5=where=inwhichTheplaces_theyhadtoliveinweredecidedbythewhite.Theplacesin_theyhadtoliveweredecidedbythewhite.（which/that）whichPara6Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.先行词是先行词是position,situation,point,case,condition等时在定语从句中作状语用关系副词等时在定语从句中作状语用关系副词where连接连接.Sometimeswefindasituation_moststudentscanrememberwordsandexpressionswellbutcantwriteagoodcomposition.wherewhereWefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful.Idontlikethewayhetalks.Thewayhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemwasverygood.作主语作主语that（that/inwhich）作状语作状语（that/which）作宾语作宾语Thereason_hisabsenceisthatheisill.Thereason_heisabsentisthatheisill.why指原因，在从句中作原因状语。

指原因，在从句中作原因状语。

关系副词关系副词:

when,where,why

（1）when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。

指时间，在从句中作时间状语。

（2）where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。

指地点，在从句中作地点状语。

（3）why的先行词只有的先行词只有reason，why在从句中作原因状语。

在从句中作原因状语。

关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词forwhy=forwhich关系副词关系副词whereThisisthehouse（which/that）heusedtolivein.Thisisthehouseinwhich/whereheusedtolive.Iknowofaplace（which/that）wecanswimin.Iknowofaplaceinwhich/wherewecanswim.试比较：

试比较：

Theplace_wevisitedyesterdayisaschoolfordisabledchildren.Theplace_JiangJieshionceusedtolivedhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.（which/that）where/inwhichTheyllneverforgetJuly1_HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedays_weusedforeignoilaregoneforever.关系副词关系副词whenTherewasatime_thebusinessmanlostheart.when=onwhichwhen=onwhichwhen试比较：

试比较：

Doyoustillremembertheday_wespenthappilytogether?

Doyoustillremembertheday_wespentourholidayhappilytogether?

Doyoustillremembertheday_wewenttovisittheSummerPalace?

（which/that）whenwhen先行词是表示原因的名词，先行词是表示原因的名词，即即reason，在定语从句中充当在定语从句中充当原因状语，原因状语，用用why，这时一般可以用这时一般可以用forwhich来代替来代替:

Idontknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidit.Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasfiredwasnotclear.试比较：

试比较：

Thereason_heexplainedtotheteacherisnottrue.Thereason_wasexplainedtotheteacherisnottrue.（which/that）（作宾语）（作宾语）which/that（作主语）（作主语）Thisisthedate_wereproudof.Thisisthedate_hewasborn.Iwillneverforgetthetime_wespenttogether.Thisisthefactory_mymotherworks.Thisisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek.（which/that）when/onwhich（which/that）where/inwhich（which/that）Isthistheschool_wevisitedyesterday?

Isthisschool_wevisitedyesterday?

Isthisschool_wevisitedyesterdayverymodern?

-Thisschool_wevisitedyesterdayisverymodern.Isthislab_wedidtheexperimentyesterday?

-Thislabis_wedidtheexperimentyesterday.（which/that）theonewhich/thattheonewhere（which/that）which/thattheonewhereHeisoneofthestudentswho_it.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_it.（believe）Those_（want）togotothecinemapleasesignyournamehere.Anyone_togotothecinemapleasesighyournamehere.believebelieveswhowantwhowantsas,which的比较的比较a.在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用从句中作主语，宾语，表语如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用Theyfailedintheexam,as/whichisnatural.Sheseemsascientist,as/whichinfactsheis.b.如从句在主句之前，用如从句在主句之前，用asAsweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthiswar.Asisknowntoall,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.c.如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有正如就象如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有正如就象之意时，用之