定语从句-(介词+关系代词).ppt

1、定语从句定语从句:由关系代词由关系代词_ 或关系副词或关系副词_引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词的从句的从句,起着起着定语定语的作用的作用.定语从句所修饰的词叫做定语从句所修饰的词叫做_;定语从句跟在定语从句跟在先行词先行词的后面的后面.构成方式构成方式:_.关系代词或副词的三重功能关系代词或副词的三重功能:连接主从句连接主从句;指代先行词指代先行词;在从句中作在从句中作句子成分句子成分.that,which,who,whom,whosewhere,when,why先行词先行词关系代词或副词陈述语序关系代词或副词陈述语序The Attribu

2、tive Clause in the text on P34The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.主干句：主干句：The time was a very difficult period of me.when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。指时间，在从句中作时间状语。I will never forget the day _ I reached here.Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.He was

3、generous with his time,for which I was grateful.when介词介词+whom/which,不能用不能用that Para 1The school where I studied for only tow years was three kilometers away.主干句：主干句：The school was three kilometers away.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。指地点，在从句中作地点状语。关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词The place _ Jiangjieshi once used to lived

4、has become a place of interest.However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Para 2where=in whichThe day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.(Para 3)There was a time _ a deep blue sky,the song of the birds,moonlight and flowers could never have

5、kept me spellbound.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.(Para 4)The USA is a large country _ many different dialects are spoken=on whichwhenwhere=in whichThey could not get the jobs they wanted.They could not get the jobs(which/that)they wanted.The parts of town in which the

6、y had to live were decided by white people.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.作宾语作宾语Para 5=where=in whichThe places _ they had to live in were decided by the white.The places in _ they had to live were decided by the white.(which/that)whi

7、ch Para 6We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.先行词是先行词是position,situation,point,case,condition等时在定语从句中作状语用关系副词等时在定语从句中作状语用关系副词where连接连接.Sometimes we find a situation _ most students can remember words and expressions well but cant

8、 write a good composition.wherewhereWe first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.I dont like the way he talks.The way he thought of to solve the problem was very good.作主语作主语that(that/in which)作状语作状语(that/which)作宾语作宾语The reason _ his absence is that he is ill.The reason _ he is absent is that h

9、e is ill.why指原因，在从句中作原因状语。指原因，在从句中作原因状语。关系副词关系副词:when,where,why(1)when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。指时间，在从句中作时间状语。(2)where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。指地点，在从句中作地点状语。(3)why的先行词只有的先行词只有reason，why在从句中作原因状语。在从句中作原因状语。关系副词关系副词 =介词介词+关系代词关系代词forwhy=for which关系副词关系副词 whereThis is the house(which/that)he used to live in.This is the house

10、 in which/where he used to live.I know of a place(which/that)we can swim in.I know of a place in which/where we can swim.试比较：试比较：The place _ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.The place _ Jiang Jieshi once used to lived has become a place of interest.(which/that)where/in whichThe

11、yll never forget July 1 _ Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days _ we used foreign oil are gone forever.关系副词关系副词whenThere was a time _ the businessman lost heart.when=on whichwhen=on whichwhen试比较：试比较：Do you still remember the day _ we spent happily together?Do you still remember the day _we s

12、pent our holiday happily together?Do you still remember the day_ we went to visit the Summer Palace?(which/that)whenwhen先行词是表示原因的名词，先行词是表示原因的名词，即即reason，在定语从句中充当在定语从句中充当原因状语，原因状语，用用why，这时一般可以用这时一般可以用for which来代替来代替:I dont know the reason why/for which he did it.The reason why/for which he was fired

13、was not clear.试比较：试比较：The reason _he explained to the teacher is not true.The reason _ was explained to the teacher is not true.(which/that)（作宾语）（作宾语）which/that（作主语）（作主语）This is the date _ were proud of.This is the date _ he was born.I will never forget the time _ we spent together.This is the facto

14、ry _my mother works.This is the factory _ we visited last week.(which/that)when/on which(which/that)where/in which(which/that)Is this the school _we visited yesterday?Is this school _ we visited yesterday?Is this school _we visited yesterday very modern?-This school _ we visited yesterday is very mo

15、dern.Is this lab _ we did the experiment yesterday?-This lab is _ we did the experiment yesterday.(which/that)the onewhich/thatthe one where(which/that)which/that the onewhereHe is one of the students who _ it.He is the only one of the students who _ it.(believe)Those _(want)to go to the cinema plea

16、se sign your name here.Anyone _ to go to the cinema please sigh your name here.believebelieves who want who wantsas,which的比较的比较a.在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用从句中作主语，宾语，表语如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用They failed in the exam,as/which is natural.She seems a scientist,as/which in fact she is.b.如从句在主句之前，用如从句在主句之前，用asAs we all know,his parents were killed in this war.As is known to all,the earth travels around the sun.c.如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有正如就象如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有正如就象之意时，用之