高中定语从句用法归纳.ppt

高中定语从句用法归纳.ppt

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TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句定语的概念定语的概念：

（用来修饰名词的词）（用来修饰名词的词）例：

例：

AbeautifulgirlanuglydogThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.定语从句定语从句（用一个句子来修饰名词）（用一个句子来修饰名词）例：

例：

ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.定语从句的相关术语：

定语从句的相关术语：

被定语从句修饰的那个名词叫做先行词；引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。

关系词的作用是代替先行词并在定语从句中充当一定的成分。

ThegirlwhoissittingnearthetreeisKate.ThedoorwhichIknockedonwasrepaired.Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.v关系词与先行词关系词与先行词的关系非常密切，关系词的使用取的关系非常密切，关系词的使用取决于先行词，因为关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充决于先行词，因为关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当一定的成分，所以它在一般情况下都紧紧跟在先行当一定的成分，所以它在一般情况下都紧紧跟在先行词之后。

词之后。

Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句vwhich/thatwhich/that是关系词，它在从句中代替先行是关系词，它在从句中代替先行词词thebuilding,thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语。

同时担任从句中的主语。

指出下列句子中的先行词，关系词，指出下列句子中的先行词，关系词，主句和从句主句和从句以及关系词在从句中充当的成分并翻译下列句子。

以及关系词在从句中充当的成分并翻译下列句子。

1.Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.2.Thewomanwhomwesawonthestreetgotthejob.3.Theplacewhichheoftenvisitsisalwaysfullofartists.4.Youretheonlypersonwhoseadvicehemightlistento.5.Istillrememberthedayswhenweworktogether.6.Icantfindtheplacewherewemetforthefirsttime.7.Isthatthereasonwhyyoudontlikehim?

定语从句常用关系词定语从句常用关系词关系代词：

who,whom,whose,that,which,as等（代替先行词在句中作主、宾、定等成分）关系副词：

where，when,why（在句中作状语）关系代词的关系代词的判判断断步步骤骤:

v首先，要看先行词。

首先，要看先行词。

如果先行词是指人如果先行词是指人,关系代词关系代词可用可用who,whom,that。

如果先行词指物如果先行词指物,关系代词关系代词可用可用which,that;不管先行词指人还是指物，在定语不管先行词指人还是指物，在定语从句中是所有格的关系就用从句中是所有格的关系就用whosev然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。

请看下表然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。

请看下表先行词主格（不能省）宾格（可省略）所有格人who,that（who/whom/that）whose物which,that（which/that）whose,ofwhich关系代词关系代词1.who1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）Theman（who）Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语（作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如如介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省）Theman（whom/who）ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.关系代词关系代词3.whose3.whose是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式,它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。

代人也可以代物。

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.4.which4.which指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语（作宾作宾语可省略语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省）Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset（which）heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary（which）youborrowbooksfrom?

Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?

关系副词的关系副词的判判断断步步骤骤:

v还是要先看先行词。

还是要先看先行词。

如果先行词在从句中充当如果先行词在从句中充当时间状语用时间状语用when或或介词介词+which;充当地点状语充当地点状语用用where或或介词介词+which;充当原因状语用充当原因状语用why或或介词介词+which。

Istillrememberthedayswhenweworktogether.Icantfindtheplacewherewemetforthefirsttime.Isthatthereasonwhyyoudontlikehim?

如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词Istillrememberthedayswhenweworktogether.Istillrememberthedayswhichwespenttogether.Icantfindtheplacewherewemetforthefirsttime.IcantfindtheplacewhichyouwenttolastSunday.Isthatthereasonwhyyoudontlikehim?

Isthatthereasonwhichyoutoldtoyourmum?

Jointhetwosentencesintoone,usingattributiveclause.1.Iknowtheperson.Hiscompanyproducesnewmachines.2.Sheistheengineer.Herworkisconsideredtobethebesthere.3.Thegirlisstandingthere.Thegirlismyeldersister.4.Thehouseisnearthetree.Thehousecaughtfirelastnight.Iknowthepersonwhosecompanyproducesnewmachines.Sheistheengineerwhoseworkisconsideredtobethebesthere.Thegirlismyeldersister.whoisstandingthereThehousecaughtfirelastnight.whichisnearthetree5.Thewomanworksinafactory.Youspoketoherjustnow.6.Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.7.Iwillneverforgettheday.Weplayedintheparkonthatday.8.Thisisthereason.Hedidntcometoschoolforthisreason.Thewomanworksinafactory.whom/whoyouspoketojustnowThisisthehousewhere/inwhichIwasborn.Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichweplayedinthepark.Thisisthereasonforwhich/whyhedidntcometoschool.1.Thepicture_youarelookingatwasdrawnbyafriendofmine.2.Whatistheword_hewantedtolookup?

3.Thewriter_worksIadmiremostisLuXun.4.ThisMr.Jackson,_eldestsonisafamousdoctor.5.ProfessorLiu,_Imetamomentago,isover70.6.Thegirlontheleft,_hairisred,iscalledMartha.7.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehousethegreatwriterusedtolive.8.HewasbornintheyeartheSecondWorldWarbrokeout.Fillintheblankswithsuitablewords:

that/whichwhich/thatwhosewhosewhomwhosewhere/inwhichinwhich/when1.Isthisthefactory_makescolorTVsets?

2.Isthisthefactory_colorTVsetsaremade?

3.Doyouknowthemuseum_manyfamouspaintingsareonshow?

4.Thisisthemuseum_opensfromMondaytoFriday.5.Illneverforgetthatmoment_thefilmstartookaphotoofme.6.Icantforgetthedays_wespenttogetherinthesmallvillagemanyyearsago.7.Healwayswantstogotohishometownandvisittheplace_hegrewup.8.Kunmingi