英美小说要素解析1.ppt

英美小说要素解析1.ppt

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646088（13858269200）RayRay徐晓霞徐晓霞Whatsthecourseabout?

Whatisfiction?

Whatarethevitalelementsinaworkoffiction?

Plot?

Characters?

Setting?

Pointofview?

Theme?

Style?

Tone?

Symbolism?

Allegory?

GeneralIntroductionGeneralIntroductionTobetteranalyze,understandandappreciatewhatweread.Howtolearntheseelements?

Byreadingsamplereadingsprovidedinthetextbook.LetsturntotheCONTENTStotakealookatthelayoutofthetextbook.Whytheseelements?

Whytheseelements?

1.Behere!

Attendancewillberecordedanditispartofyourfinalscore.2.Dontbelate.Ifyouare,sayyouresorry.3.Donthaveanykindoffoodhere.4.Nocellphonecanbeusedintheclassroom.Dontletanyoneseeyourcellphonewhileyouarehere.5.DONOTSLEEP!

DONOTFROWN!

BasicrequirementsofthecourseBasicrequirementsofthecoursePleaseturntothepreface.Afterthat,wewilltakealookattheEditorsNote.Nowletsbegin!

Nowletsbegin!

Books:

fictionandnon-fictionFiction:

imaginationFiction:

novels,novellas,shortstoriesAnovel:

abouthumanexperience,throughaconnectedsequenceofevents,withanumberofpersons,inaspecificsettingAshortstory:

brief,asingleeffect（morefocused）Anovella:

betweenashortstoryandanovelinlengthandcomplexityKeywordsKeywordshttp:

/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NovelAnovelnovelisabookoflongnarrativeinliteraryprose.Prose:

Prose:

themosttypicalformoflanguage,applyingordinarygrammaticalstructureandnaturalflowofspeechratherthanrhythmicstructure（asintraditionalpoetry）.Proseisdifferentfrompoetrybecauseitisnotrhythimic.AnovelAnovelFurtherdefinitionofthegenreishistoricallydifficult.Theconstructionofthenarrative,theplot,thewayrealityiscreatedintheworksoffiction,thefascinationofthecharacterstudy,andtheuseoflanguageareusuallydiscussedtoshowanovelsartisticmerits.Theaboverequirementsmakeanoveldifferentfromfactualhistory.Soanovelisimaginary.Fictionalityandthepresentationinanarrativearethetwofeaturesmostcommonlyinvokedtodistinguishnovelsfromhistories.Novelscan,ontheotherhand,depictthesocial,political,andpersonalrealitiesofaplaceandperiodwithaclarityanddetailhistorianswouldnotdaretoexplore.DifferencesbetweennovelsandDifferencesbetweennovelsandhistorieshistoriesNovelsaresupposedtoshowqualitiesofliteratureandart.Anovelwillbeanalyzedwithalookatthealmosttimelessvalueitissupposedtoshowinthehandsofprivatereadersasaworkofart.Aspecificnovelcanhavetheseeternalqualitiesofart,thisdeepermeaninganinterpretationtriestoreveal.DifferencesbetweennovelsandDifferencesbetweennovelsandhistorieshistorieshttp:

/wasasuccessfulnovelistandlateranacademic.Threeofhisnovels,ARoomwithaView（看得见风景的房间）（1908）,HowardsEnd（霍华德庄园）（1910）andAPassagetoIndia（印度之行）（1924）havebeenmadeintofilms.围绕家产继承权和女主人公的婚姻铺叙了一个传统的“故事”。

但是，在更重要的层面上，这是一部有关英国以及人类文明的寓言。

Hemakesacleardistinctionbetweenstoryandplot,andemphasestherelationshipbetweencharacterandincident.Andhisdiscussionoffantasy,prophecyandrhythmencouragesusthattrulygreatwritinggoesbeyondstorytelling.E.M.ForstersE.M.ForstersAspectsoftheNovelAspectsoftheNovelAstoryisanarrativeofeventsarrangedintheirtimesequenceitsimplytellsuswhathappenedandinwhatorder.Thisemphasisonchronologicalsequenceisadifferencefromreallife.Ourreallivesalsounfoldthroughtimebuthavetheaddedfeaturethatsomeexperienceshavegreatervalueandmeaningthanothers.Valuehasnoroleinastory,whichisconcernedwiththelifeintimeratherthanthelifebyvalues.storyandplotstoryandplotAnovelistcanonlybegintoexplorethevalueofhumanexperiencesbydevelopingthecharactersofthestory.ButForsteremphasizesthatcharactersarenotrealpeople;rathertheyarelikerealpeople.Sometimescharacterscanseemtobemorerealthanthepeoplearoundus,andthisisbecauseanovelistisabletorevealthecharactershiddenlife.characterscharactersDOYOUHAVEADOYOUHAVEAHIDDENLIFE?

HIDDENLIFE?

SometimescharacterscanseemtoSometimescharacterscanseemtobemorerealthanthepeoplebemorerealthanthepeoplearoundusaroundusForsterdistinguishesbetweenflatcharactersandroundcharacters.Thereallyflatcharactercanbeexpressedinonesentence.Thesecharactersareeasilyrecognizedwhenfirstintroducedandeasilyrememberedafterwards.flatcharactersandroundflatcharactersandroundcharacterscharactersAroundcharacterbycontrasthasfurtherdimensionstotheirpersonality,whicharerevealedaseventsdemandthem.Aflatcharacterneversurprisesuswiththeirbehaviour,butaroundcharactermaywellsurpriseuswiththeseunsuspectedaspectsoftheirnature;andthetestofaroundcharacteriswhetheritiscapableofsurprisinginaconvincingway.AroundcharacterAroundcharacterDickenswroteflatcharacterssuperblywell.Nearlye