初二英语语法知识点.docx

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初二英语语法知识点.docx

初二英语语法知识点

 

项目

内容

...-ing与...-ed

作为

-ing

修饰物品interesting

films/tiringwork/excitingbooks

形容词的区别

-ed

修饰人I'mtired./

Iaminterestedinfilms

s,表示不确切年龄,时代

30s三十多岁1830s19世纪30年代

acopyof

alargeamountof+

可数/

不可数

anumberof+名词复数

量的

atourto/of/around

awayofdoingsth.=a

way

todosth.

across

advantagedisadvantage

afford

after+n./-ing/时间短语

 

agree的用法

 

all作主语

 

anamountof+不可数n.

相当数量的

agreatdealof+不可数n.

大量的

 

aswellas的用法

 

asas和一样(怎样)

atthewheel在开车

bealwaysdoingsth.总是在做

beavaliablefor有空

 

crossacross<介词>crossing

takeadvantageof利用/欺骗

affordsth./affordtodosth./affordsb.Todosth.

 

1.agreetodosth.同意做

2.agreeon/about对观点一致/达成共识

3.agreewithsb.同意某人观点

AllweknowabouthimisthatheisfromAfrica.

AllhavebenntoHongKong.

 

alarge/smallamountofmoney/rubbish

anumberof+n.可数

 

1.通常强调前面部分

Heiskindaswellasbrave.(他很勇敢,也很善良)

2.连接2个主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致数

HelenaswellasIisinterestedinart.

as+adj./adv.+as

beaware/unawareof(没有)意识到

beconnectedto/with

与有关联

becuriousabout

bedependenton=dependon

begratefulto/for

begratefultodosth.

behighin富含/be

 

lowin缺乏

bekeenondoingsth.

 

bemadeof/bemadefrom

1.bemadeof

2.bemadefrom

3.bemadeinto

发生物理变化

发生化学变化

被做成

bepreparedto

readytodo

beseriousabout

dosth.=be

serious认真的

对认真的

believein

Besides(除此之外)还有

Besides和except

except(除此之外)没有

book预订

BothmyfatherandIareteachers.

bothand

(X)MyfatherandIarebothteachers.

buysb.

Sth.=buy

sth.

For

sb.

 

bymistake

 

与byaccident

 

1.bymistake

2.byaccident

 

强调人为性失误Idoitwrongbymistake.(因为我的个人犯错导致的结果

强调无意而意外地碰到某事YesterdayImethiminthestreetbyaccident.(

 

是无意碰见他

causesth.Todo

引起

causesth.Tosb.

给某人

招来

close(adv.)

consistofsth.(consist

v.)

deep-deeply

discover

comeclose./-s/

 

divide

1.devidesth.BetweenAandB

2.bedecided被分配

3.devideinto把分成

在A与

B之间分享

dogood有用/dosb.Good

对某人有好处

either

or

要么要么

enter

entertheroom

even放在比较级前,强调

作用

except/exceptfor

1.except用于同类事物Allthe

students

wentswimmingexceptLiMing.(LiMing

也是学生

2.Hisreportisgoodexceptforafew

spellingmistakes

.(spellingmistakes

与报告不同类

expect

期望

expectsb.Todosth./expecttodosth./expectthat+

从句

expert

beanexpertindoingsth./sth.

做有经验/某方面的专家

 

expressone's

feelings/thoughts/ideas

fail的用法

1.failin

(doing)

在中失败/不合格

2.failtodosth.

没能够做到

far/much/even/still/a

lot/abit/alittle+

比较

forfree/fornothing

费的

forlove

出于热爱

freefromsth./doing

使从中解脱

sth.

getintotrouble

让陷入麻烦

getintotrouble

区分

getintroublewithsb.

因凡事而落入某人手中

Youwillgetintroublewiththepoliceifyoudon'tobeythelaw.

1.gethot/getangry/getlonger//get+

过去分词,getmarried/lost/caught

get/become/go/grow/turn

2.become+n./adj.

主要用于身份变化becomea

doctor

3.turn

一般指颜色,物品性质的变化treestunrned

green.

的区别

4.go表示由好变坏gowrong/bad/sour

酸了

5.grow强调变化过程/渐渐变成Heis

growingup.

go+动名词

goskiing,goboating,goswimming

1.goon=takeplace/happen

2.goondoingsth.

继续做(不停地做同一件事情)

Theywentonworkingtillmidnight.

goon与发生

3.goonwithsth.继续做(停下一段时间后再继续做

It'stoolate.Let'sgoonwiththeprojecttomorrow.

4.goontodo继续做(做完一件事再接着做某事)

Afterfinishingmyhomeworks,Iwentontolistentomytape.

hadbetterdosth.

hadbetterdosth.=

'dbetterdosth.->hadbetternotdosth.

hang的两种形式

绞死hang--->hanged--->hanged

挂hang--->hung----->hung

hardadj./adv.Hardly

adj./adv.

haveagift

for

doingsth.

havebeen/gone

1.have/hasbeento

去过地方

2.have/hasgoneto

去了地方(还没有回来)

havesth.Done

让某人完

相似的:

have/make/getsb.Todosth.

让某人做某事

成某事

helpdosth.

有助于做

helpsb.dosth.

Helpsb.Withsth.

hopetodosth./hope

 

表示成为/被了

 

(that)

1.How+adj.+

主语+谓语:

Howlonelyheis.

2.What+a/an+adj.+n./+主语+谓语:

Whataniceshirtitis.

How/what的感叹句

复数/不可数)+主语+谓语

3.What+adj.+n.(

Whatniceweather/cleanwatertheyare/itis.

In+名词表示在某种状态

或状况

incentral=inthe

centreof

 

infrontof/inthefront

of

 

inoneweek'stime=inoneweek

inone's

70s/80s/90s/ninties

inordertodo为了

inplaceof=inteadof/in

theplaceof

includev./including

prep.

keep+adj.

keepadj.=stayadj.保持

某种状态

keepintouchwith=beintouchwith=getintouchwith

know/learnsth.Byheart

 

lead的用法

 

leavefor/leavefor

 

lie说谎/躺下lay下蛋

 

life

listentosb.Dosth.听

见某人做过某事//

listentosb.Doingsth.

 

indanger/inpain/inlove

 

1.infrontof(在的前面)Heisstandinginfrontofme.

2.inthefrontof(在同一空间的前部)

Theboyisstandinginthefrontoftheclass.

 

在某人几十岁时

 

Ihavethreebestfriends,includingXXX

MythreebestfriendsincludeXXX

 

stayheathy/keephealthy

 

oppositemeaningphrases:

beoutoftouchwith/losetouchwith

 

1.leadsb.To+

地点Heleadthemtohere.

2.leadto

通向AllroadsleadtoRome.

3.leadtheway

带路

1.leavefor

去Maryleftfor

HongKongyesterday.

2.leace

for

从去Hewillleave

ShanghaiforNewYorktomorrow.

3.留下,离开

 

现在时过去时过去分词现在分词

说谎lieliedliedlying

躺下lielaylainlaying

下蛋laylaidlaidlaying

1.指生活,不可数.2.指生命,可数.see/hear/watch/listen/find/notice

 

听到某人正在做某事

 

live/lead/have(a)

(adj.)life/lives

过着的生活

lookforwardtodoing...

looklike

lookup抬头/lookdown

低头

 

make

 

makesb./sth.Dosth.

Makesb./sth.+adj.

makesb./sh.+n.让成

manandwoman复合词组复

数变化

 

mean

 

misssth./missdoing

sth./misssb.

mountainsof

muchtoo+adj./adv.非

must

need+n./to

 

nolonger=notany

longer

 

onthesafeside

 

on,at

 

other

 

pickup/pickupsth.

Attention:

pick+pron+up

 

prefer的用法

 

recall使回想

regretdoing后悔做

/regrettodo很遗憾做

 

lookslike/lookedlike

 

lookuptosb.尊敬人lookdownon/uponsb.看不起人

 

1.makesb.Dosth.

2.makesb./sth.+Adj.

 

mandriver-mendrivers/womanteacher-womenteachers

 

1.meandoingsth.意思是

2.meantodosth.打算做

 

mustbe一定是/can'tbe一定不是/不存在mustn'tbe

 

Jillwasnolongerasuspect.

Jillwasnotasuspectanylonger.

!

:

nomore=notanymore

为了安全/从安全的角度考虑

on+某一天

at+某个时间,一段时间

1.固定搭配onetheother

2.anyother+复数名词,表示一些人或物

anyother+单数名词,表示任何一个人或物体

 

preferdoingtodoing喜欢胜过

pregertodosth.Ratherthandosth.(等同于上方句型)

同类的:

prefertodosth.=wouldratherdosth.

Prefertodosth.Ratherthandosth.=wouldratherdosth.Ratherthandosth.

recall+sth./doingsth./从句

 

requiresb.Todosth.

safeadj.-safetyn.insafety/indanger安全的/危险的

seesb.Do看见做过/see

sb.Doing看见正在做

(强调发生时正在)

1.seem+n./adj.

seem

2.seemlike(

好像)+n./-ing

3.Itseems/seemedasif

e.g.Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain

sendsb.Toprison/put

inprison/beinprison

1.对于现在should(not)/ought(not)to+be+doingsth.

should/oughtto

Youshouldbewashingclothes

wahyareyouwatchingtv?

表示责

shouldn'tbeworkinghere

.

Heisill.He

2.对过去should(not)/ought(not)to+havedone...

Yououghtnottohavetowatched

tvsolate.

should/oughtto

1.shoulddo->shouldn'tdo=shouldnotdo

2.oughttodo->oughtnottodo=oughtn'ttodo

showsb.Sth.=showsth.

Tosb.

sincethen=fromthenon

1.Heisgoodatmaths,so

amI.(be

动词)

so+be动词/助动词/情态动

can

he.(情态动词)

词+主语

2.Tomcanplaytheviolin,so

3.Ihavefinishedmywork,so

hasshe.(助动词)

some与time

sometimes

有时sometime

某个时候sometime一段时间

连用

几次

sometimes

1.so修饰形容词,such修饰名词

socleveraboy/suchacleverboy

so和such

2.修饰复数名词时

soclevertheboysare/suchclverboys

startoffwith

从开

succeedindoingsth.

suchas=forexanple

1.suggeststh./doingsth.

suggest

2.suggestsb.Dosth.=>suggest(that)

sb.(should)

dosth.(原句省略了that

和should)

3.suggestthat+

从句

takechargeof=bein

chargeof

担任;负责

takepartin/join/join

1.takepartin-

指参加某项活动takepartintheparty

加入某个组织jointheEnglishclub

in参加的区别

2.join-

3.join

in-让加入Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?

takepleasureindoing

 

sth.

1.It(Sth.)takes/costssb.Sometime/moneytodosth.

2.Sb.Spendsometime(money)on/doingsth.

take,spend,cost,pay

3.Sb.Payforsth.

4.takesometime/costmoney/spenddoing/payfor

There...be句型Therewillbe3meetingstomorrow.

1.不存在thoughbut

thoughandalthough

2.若要放在句末,只能使用though作副词

1.gothroughthecave/theforest

穿过(立体)/从中穿过

through/accorss

经过(平面)/从表面过去

2.goacrosstheroad/the

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