新编汉英翻译教程期末考试比较a与b题型归纳.docx

新编汉英翻译教程期末考试比较a与b题型归纳.docx

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新编汉英翻译教程期末考试比较a与b题型归纳

以下是课本几乎所有有a,b的都收集起来了，已经超过老师所说的20多条的.....自行挑着看，重点看第四章其他爱看不看啦...

2.金桂湖位于武汉的南部后花园一一咸宁市咸安区南川水库。

9页

Lake,whichliesinthesouthpartofWuhan,calledtheBackGarden—theNanchuanreservoir.

b.JinguiLakeislocatedintheSouthernbackgardenofWuhan—thereservoirofXianandistrictofXianning.

C.JinguiLakeliesintheareaofNanchuanReservoir,Xian'anDistrict,Xianning,whichisreputedastheBackGardentothesouthofWuhan

3.本书收集了有关他们（钱锺书、杨绛）生平与创作的资料,有关的评论文章,同时选

编了研究资料的目录索引,是研究钱锺书、杨绛的必备书。

9页

a.ItisanecessarybooktostudyQianZhongshuandYangJiang,sinceitcollectsmaterialsoftheirlifeandworksaswellasrelevantcommentwritings,andcompilescontentsandindexoftheresearchmaterials.

includesmaterialsoftheirlifeexperiences,literarycreationandrelatedcommentaryessays.Abibliographicindexisalsopresentedhere,whichallthemoreentitlesthebooktoamustfortheresearchonthetwo.

练习四58页

1.这是民国六年的冬天,大风刮得正猛,我因为生计关系,不得不一早在路上走。

a.It'sthewinterof1917.Thewindwasblowinghard,butIhadtowalkinthestreettomakealiving.

b.Ithappenedduringthewinterof1917.Abitternorthwindwasblowingbut,tomakealiving,Ihadtobeupandoutearly.

2.世事洞明皆学问,人情练达即文章。

a.Theworld'saffairs,wellunderstood,areallscholarship.

Humanrelationships,maturelyexperienced,arealreadyliterature.

b.Truelearningimpliesaclearinsightintohumanactivities.

Genuinecultureinvolvestheskilfulmanipulationofhumanrelationships.

3.这尊塑像站了几百年了,他觉得这是一种苦役。

a.Havingstoodthereforseveralhundredyears,thestatuehadnowcometodetestitasakindofforceddrudgery.

b.Havingstoodthereforseveralhundredyears,thestatuefeltthatitwashardlabor.

13.西风,秋水,雁阵,衔着落日的远山,交融在一起,更增添打猎者的无限兴致。

（徐光兴《枪口》）66页

a.Thejoyofhunterswasenhancedbythewestwind,theautumnstreamandthewildgeesemingledwiththedistantmountainsthatheldthesinkingsun.

autumnstreamruffledbythewestwind,andthelinesofwildgeesesetagainstthebackgroundofdistantmountainsembracingthesinkingsun,har-moniouslymergedtoenhancethejoyofhunters.（琥珀译）

14.我接着便有许多话,想要连珠一般涌出…·…但又觉得被什么挡着似的,单在脑里

面回旋,吐不出口外去。

（鲁迅《故乡》）67页

weresomanythingsthentotalkaboutthatIwantedtospewthemoutlikeastringofbeads..Butsomethingseemedtoholdmeback.EverythingjustswirledaroundinmyheadandIcouldn'tgetthewordsout.（杨宪益、戴乃迭1956年译文）

b.AfterthisthereweresomanythingsIwantedtotalkabout,theyshouldhavepouredoutlikeastringofbeads..ButIwastongue-tied,unabletoputallIwasthinkingintowords.（杨宪益、戴乃迭1980年译文）

练习五71页

一、结合语言语境选择较贴切的译文。

1.他昨天擦破了皮,现在到医院换药去了。

a.Hehadascratchyesterdayandnowhasgonetochangemedicineinthehospital.

b.Hehadascratchyesterdayandnowhasgonetochangedressingsinthehospital.

2.佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。

可是由于母亲的聪明能干,却舒服。

a.Thelifeofatenantfarmer'sfamilywasofcoursehard,butwesomehowmanagedtoscrapealongbecausemotherwasacleverandablewoman.

b.Thelifeofatenantfarmer'sfamilywasofcoursehard,butitwassomehowcomfortablebecausemotherwasacleverandablewoman.

3.富华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。

a.YouwillbeenchantedbytheuniqueEuropeanamorousfeelingsofFuhuafurniture.

b.YouwillbeenchantedbytheuniqueEuropeanstyleofFuhuafurniture.

4.不搞改革,不坚持开放政策,我们制定的战略目标就不可能实现。

这是一个关,这个关必须过。

a.Wecannotreachourstrategicgoalunlesswecarryoutreformsandadheretotheopenpolicy.Thisisakeyprocesswemustgothrough.

cannotreachourstrategicgoalunlesswecarryoutreformsandadheretotheopenpolicy.Thisisabarrierwemuststrideacross.

练习七84页

1.务必要继续发扬艰苦奋斗的优良传统,提倡勤俭,崇尚节约。

a.Itisimperativetocarryonthefinetraditionofhardwork,encourageandupholdindustryandthrifttopreventandcheckhighconsumptionthatoutgrowseconomicdevelopment.

b.Itisimperativetocarryonthefinetraditionofhardwork,encouragefrugality,andpreventandcheckhighconsumptionthatoutgrowseconomicdevelopment

2.这里山花古松遮掩着悬崖峭壁,鸟语花香,生意盎然,一派秀丽景色。

a.Wildflowersandoldpinesontheprecipice,withbirdssingingamongthemformabeautifulscenefulloflifeandvitality

b.Sheerprecipiceandoverhangingrocksareenvelopedbywildflowersandoldpinetrees.Beautifulandmagnificentsceneryprevailswithsingingbirdsandfragrantflowersandeverythingfulloflifeandvitality

3.我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上,进一步加强同亚洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。

a.TheChinesegovernmentiswillingtofurtherstrengtheneconomiccooperationandtradecommunicationwithotherAsiannationsonthebasisofequaltyandmutualbenefit,mutualopenness,long-termcooperationandjointdevelopment

b.TheChinesegovernmentstandsreadytofurtherstrengtheneconomiccooperationandtradetieswithotherAsiannationsonthebasisofequality,openness,long-termcooperationandmutualbenefit.

第四章（以下应该比较重点）

10.世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。

89页

a.TheturnofthecenturyfindsChinamostactiveonthediplomaticarena.

b.Attheturnofthecentury,Chinaisveryactiveinitsdiplomaticactivities.

练习八

比较下列译文。

译文a与b哪一种较好?

为什么?

91页

1、中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪地驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。

a.TheshipofChina'ssocialistconstructionwillbravethewindandwavesandsailtothegloriousdestinationofmodernization.

willstrideforwardinbuildingsocialism,likeashipbravingthewindandthewaves,towardsthegloriousdestinationofmodernization.

2.我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友而且成为兄弟。

a.Thedevelopmentofourrelationshasmadeusnotonlyclosefriendsbutalsobrothers.

relationshavesogrownthattheybindusnotonlyasclosefriendsbutalsoasbrothers.

3.他心直口快,总是愿意和任何人交朋友,所以很快就赢得了大家的信任。

outspokennessandreadinesstomakefriendswithanyonesoonwontheirtrust.

wasveryoutspokenandalwaysreadytomakefriendswithanyone,sohewontheirtrust.

3.中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁

strong,prosperousanddevelopedChinawillposenothreattoanycountries.

b.Thestrength,prosperityanddevelopmentofChinawillposenothreattoanycountries

5.轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多,质量继续有所提高。

a.Thedesignsandvarietyoflightindustrialandtextileproductshaveincreasedandtheirqualityhascontinuedtoimprove.

industryandtextileproductsarenowavailableinbetterdesignsandqualityandrichervariety

94页

1.中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务

a.TheCentralGovernmenthasrefrainedfrominterveningintheaffairsoftheHKSAR.

b.TheCentralGovernmenthasnewerintervenedintheaffairsoftheHKSAR.

2.中国经济将融入世界经济的大潮

a.TheeconomyofChinawillmergeintothetideoftheworldeconomy.

b.TheeconomyofChinawillconvergewiththatoftheworld.

3.这事到了现在,还是时时记起

a.Evennow,thisremainsfreshinmymemory

b.Evennow,Istilloftenthinkaboutthis

4.世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃

a.TheturnofthecenturyfindsChinamostactiveonthediplomaticarena.

b.Attheturnofthecentury,Chinaisveryactiveinitsdiplomaticactivities.

5.她使我知道人间的温暖；她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。

（巴金《我的第一个老师》）

a.ItwastoherthatIowedmyawarenessofthefactthatthereiswarmthinthe

World—thattoshowloveisnolesshappinessthantobeloved.

b.Sheenabledmetoknowthewarmthoftheworldandthefactthatwewillfeel

nolesshappytoloveothersthantobeloved.

6.在同新闻界谈话的时候,上海人使用越来越多的最高级形容词

a.Whentheytalktothepress,theShanghaicitizensusemoreandmoreadjectivesofthesuperlativedegree.

b.YoucanhearShanghaipeopleusingmoreandmoreadjectivesofthesuperlativedegreewhentheytalktothepress.

7.（现在上海人的传统形象开始起了变化,）他们的言语和行动都充满了信心和自豪

a.Theirwordsandactionsarefilledwithconfidenceandpride.

b.Theyareconfidentandproudintheirspeechesandactions.

8.（顾和园）1900年遭八国联军破坏（,至1903年才得以修复）（答案不确定，自行选择）

a.Thepalacewasreducedtoruinsbythealliedforcesoftheeightforeignpowers.

palacesufferedravageinthehandsofthealliedforcesoftheeightforeignpowers.

该例句两个译文以不同的谓语动词表达了相同的意义。

译文a用短语bereduced

to选择了被动语态的形式。

译文b用动词suffer,与宾语ravage搭配,采取了主动语态

的形式。

该例句说明,有时我们对谓语的处理可以有多种选择。

9.她们（指“时装模特”）逐渐地镇定下来,有了自信。

a.Theygraduallycalmeddown,restoredself-confidence.

b.Gradually,theycalmeddownandregainedself-confidence.

13.农业搞好了,农民能自给,五亿人口就稳定了。

97页

a.Ifagricultureisingoodshapeandthepeasantsself-supporting,thenthe500millionpeoplewillfeelsecure.

b.Ifagricultureisingoodshapeandthepeasantsareself-supporting,thenthe500millionpeoplewillfeelsecure.

15.关于如何改进市民的居住条件问题市政府给予了充分重视。

98页

a.Fullattentionhasbeenpaidbythemunicipalgovernmenttotheimprovementofthehousingconditionsoftheurbaninhabitants.

b.Themunicipalgovernmenthaspaidfullattentiontotheimprovementofthehousingconditionsoftheurbaninhabitants.

练习九、比较下列译文。

译文a与b哪一种更好?

为什么?

99页

1.本文所讲的内容对通讯工程师来说是很有趣的。

a.Thecontentthatthispapertalksaboutisofgreatinteresttocommunicationsengineers.

b.Whatthispaperdiscussesisofgreatinteresttocommunicationsengineers.

2.在零售和烹调行业方面,家办企业的买卖完全超过了国家办的。

a.Intheretailandcateringsectors,householdoperationshavecompletelyout-marketedthestate.

b.Intheretailandcateringsectors,thebusinessofhouseholdoperationssurpassedthatofthestate.

3.在我们这个时代,任何人想要在社会上起作用,就必须接受必要的教育

a.Inourtimes,substantialeducationisindispensableforanyonetoplayhisroleinsociety.

b.Inourtimes.anyonewhowantstoplayhisroleinsocietymustreceivesubstantialeducation.

4.本文认为,这一定义具有重要意义

a.Theauthorholdsthatthisdefinitionhasimportantmeaning.

authorholdsthatthisdefinitionisofgreatsignificance.

5.中国观察问题不是看社会制度

a.Chinastudiesthesequestionsnotinthelightofsocialsystems.

doesnotregardsocialsystemsasacriterioninitsapproachtoproblems.

6.我们大为惊奇的是,那幢经受强烈的地震而幸存下来的唯一的建筑物竟是砖木

结构的

a.Toourgreatsurprise.theonlybuildingthatsurvivedtheviolentearthquakewasoneofbrickandwoodstructure.

b.Toourgreatsurprise,