Unit 3 The world of colors and light Grammar 导学案译林版选修8精品.docx
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Unit3TheworldofcolorsandlightGrammar导学案译林版选修8精品
Unit3TheworldofcolorsandlightGrammar导学案
英语的基本语序是“主语”+“谓语”。
如果将谓语的全部或一部分提前放在主语之前，这种语序叫做倒装语序。
倒装的原因：
1.某些语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）。
2.为了强调。
倒装句的种类:
部分倒装---将谓语的一部分提到主语之前（即将助动词，系动词或情态动词放到主语之前）
全部倒装---将谓语的全部提到主语之前
NeverbeforehaveIseenafilmsomoving.（部分倒装）
Incametheteacher.（全部倒装）
一．部分倒装
1.在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中。
Doesheplaytheguitarwell？
Whatareyoudoing？
2.as作“尽管”讲，引导的让步从句时，将表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提到as之前），主谓顺序不变。
注意：
句首名词不能带任何冠词。
句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。
如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
③though引导的让步状语从句也可以采用这种倒装句式，但although引导的让步状语从句不能倒装。
Youngasheis，heknowsalot.
Childasheis，heseemstoknoweverything.（child前不加冠词）
Hardasheworked，hemadelittleprogress.
Tryhardashewill，heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.
3.Only修饰的状语提前时。
OnlythendidIbegintoknowher.
OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.
注意：
如果only修饰主语，则不必用倒装。
Onlyherememberedthatitwasmybirthday.
试题：
Onlywhenhestartedtoexplain______thereasonforthis.
A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized
4.某些表示否定意义副词或半否定副词，如:
not，never，hardly，seldom，little，few，atnotime，bynomeans，nowhere，notabit等在句首时。
SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson.
BynomeanswillIgiveup.
HardlycanIbelievethat.
试题：
①Little____abouthisownsafety，thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.
A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecared
②Notforamoment____thetruthofyourstory.
A.didhemadeB.hemadeC.didhemakeD.hemakes
5.虚拟语气中，省略了if的条件句中，were，had或should可提前句首构成部分倒装。
WereInotsobusy，Ishouldgowithyou.=_______________________________
Hadhebeenhereyesterday，hewouldhavecometowatchthefootballmatch.=_______________
Shouldtherebeaflood，whatshouldwedo？
=______________________________________
6.用于so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示前面所说的情况也适用另一人或物）。
句型：
so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语
HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.
LiWeican’tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.
试题：
①——I’dmetPhilipseveraltimesbefore.——________.
A.SodidIB.SohadIC.SoIhadD.Imet，also
②——Areyougoingtherewithus？
——IfMarywantstogo，______.
A.IalsogoB.sodoIC.soIwillD.sowillI
③——DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother？
——Idon’tknow，and_____.
A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealso
注意：
①对前面所说的情况表示肯定，前后两句的主语指的是同一个人或物时，主谓不倒装，so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词。
----Itwascoldyesterday.
---Soitwas.（天确实冷）
②如果前面所说部分有肯定，有否定，动词类型又不一致，而后面一句要表示的也有与上面所述的类似情况，这时须改用下列句型：
---Tomiscleverbuthedoesn’tworkhard.
---Soitiswithmybrother./Itisthesamewithmybrother.
7.so/such…that（如此…以致于）句型中，so/such提前到句首构成部分倒装，则so/such所在的分句主谓要倒装。
Socarelesslydidhedrivethathealmostkilledhimself.
Soloudlydidhespeakthatpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.
Suchacleverboyishethateveryonelikeshim.
试题：
①Soloudly_______that______hearherclearly.
A.didshespeak；couldeveryoneB.didshespeak；everyonecould
C.shespoke；couldeveryoneD.shespoke；everyonecould
②________isthepowerofTVthatitcanmakeapersonsuddenlyfamous.
ASuchBThisCThatDSo
注意：
当such做表语时，句子要倒装。
这时要把主语和表语调换。
Suchwereherwords.她就是这么说的。
Herwordsweresuch.（错）
Suchistheirdecision.他们的决定就是这样。
Theirdecisionissuch.（错）
试题：
_________，amanofachievements，deepthoughts，butwithsimplehabits.
A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein
8.当notonly…butalso，notuntil…，nosooner…than，hardly…when在句首时，要倒装。
注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。
Notonly…butalso…句型中，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。
Notonlywasheforcingtostayathome，buthewasalsoforbiddentoseehisfriends.
Notuntil…句型中，复合句的前面从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。
Notuntilshesawthepresentdidshefeelhappy.
Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.。
Nosooner…than…，hardly…when的句型中，后面从句不倒装，前面主句倒装。
Nosoonerhadhefinishedthetalkthanamanstoodupandputforwardaquestion.HardlyhadIenteredthearmywhenIfeltveryproud.
试题：
①Notuntilhisfatherwasoutofprison____toschool.
A.canJohngoB.JohncangoC.couldJohngoD.Johncouldgo
②Nosooner____asleepthansheheardaknockatthedoor.
A.shehadfallenB.hadshefallenC.shefellD.didshefall
二．全部倒装
1.therebe结构（exist，seem，happen，appear，live，rise，stand）句型。
Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.
Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.
试题：
______abeautifulpalace___thefootofthehill.
A.Therestand；atB.Therestands；underC.Standsthere；underD.Therestands；at
2.here，there，now，thenout，in，up，down，away，off等副词，名词短语置于句首且主语为名词时.
Herecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.Awaywenttheboy.
Northofthecityis/liesatemple.
注意：
代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。
如：
Hereyouare.Inhecomes.
试题：
①——Canyoutellmewheremyuncleis？
——Yes，ofcourse，________.
A.hereyourunclecomesB.herecomesyouruncle.
C.comesyourunclehereD.youruncleherecomes
②——Whereisthereport？
——________.
A.ThereisitB.ThereitisC.TherethereportisD.Istherethereport
③There___________.Andhere________.
A.goesthephone；shecomesB.isthephonegoing；isshe
C.doesthephonego；doesshecomeD.thephonegoes；comeshe
④Out_________，withastickinhishand.[
A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush
3.表示地点的介词短语（如onthewall，underthetree，infrontofthehouse，inthemiddleoftheroom等）放在句首时且主语为名词时，要全部倒装。
Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.
Infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground.
试题：
Nearthechurch_______cottage.
A.wassuchanoldB.hadasooldC.wassucholdaD.issoanold
4.句首为直接引语时.
“This”，saidtheartist，“isthemostbeautifulplaceIhaveeverseen.”
5.有时为了生动，或为了强调表语或状语，使上下文紧密衔接或使句子平衡常用倒装。
（如分词、不定式、形容词等作表语置于句首时）
Onthegroundlayanoldsickgoat.
Alsopresentwillbeapersonwhothinksupanideaforanadvertisement.
Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.
Buriedherewasafamouspoet.
试题：
①Ineachroom_____.
A.aretenstudentsB.tenstudentsareC.tenstudentsthereareD.tenarestudents
②_________arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.
A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going
三．其他
1．用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
Mayyousucceed！
Longlivethepeople！
人民万岁！
2.在频度状语often，well，always，manyatime，nowandagain等开头的句子中，需倒装。
Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.
ManyatimehasshehelpedmewithmyEnglish.
高二英语语法精练----倒装句
1.Look，________.
A.herethebuscomesB.hereisthebusconing
C.herecomesthebusD.herethebusiscoming
2.—WhereisKate？
—Look，_______，sheisattheschoolgate.
A.theresheisB.thereissheC.hereyouareD.hereitis
3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect？
A.IntheteachercameB.Indidcometheteacher
C.IndidtheteachercomeD.Incametheteacher
4.Out_____，withastickinhishand.
A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush
5._______，heishonest.
A.AsheispoorB.PoorisheC.PoorasheisD.Poorasishe
6.________，heknowsalotofthings.
A.AchildasheisB.ChildasheisC.AchildasisheD.Childasishe
7.＿＿＿＿＿，shemaynotcatchupwithhersisterLisa.
A.HardthoughsheworksB.Hardalthoughsheworks
C.HardworkssheD.Hardevenifsheworks
8.＿＿＿thatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.
A.SofastheranB.SofastdidherunC.SofastranheD.Suchfastdidherun
9.Earlyintheday____thenews_____theenemyweregone.
A.come；thatB.came；thatC.comes；thatD.came；what
10.Onlywhenyourealizetheimportanceofforeignlanguages_____themwell.
A.youcanlearnB.canyoulearnC.youlearnedD.didyoulearn
11.Onlyafterliberation_____tobetreatedashumanbeings.
A.didtheybeginB.theyhadbegunC.theydidbeginD.hadtheybegun
12.Notonly____tostayathome，buthewasalsoforbiddentoseehisfriends.
A.hewasforcingB.hewasforcedC.washeforcingD.washeforced
13.Notuntilhisfatherwasoutofprison____toschool.
A.canJohngoB.JohncangoC.couldJohngoD.Johncouldgo
14.Neverbefore_____seensuchastupidman.
A.amIB.wasIC.haveID.shallI
15.Rarely____suchasillything.
A.haveIheardofB.IhaveheardofC.amIheardofD.hadIheardof
16.Little_____abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill.
A.hecaredB.didhecareC.doeshecareD.hecares
17.Onlywhen_____intheafternoon_____abletoleave.
A.thematchwasover；theywereB.wasthematchover；werethey
C.wasthematchover；theywereD.thematchwasover；werethey
18..Ireceivedhismother’stelephonecallateleven.＿＿thathewasbadlyhurtinanaccidentyesterday.
A.ThendidIknowB.OnlythenIknew
C.OnlythendidIknowD.OnlythenknewI
19.＿＿＿，wecouldforgivehimforhismistakes！
A.WerehestillachildB.Ifheisstillachild
C.IshestillachildD.Hewerestillachild
20.ShedidnotseeSmith.________.
A.NeitherdidIB.Nordidn’tIC.NeitherIdidD.Sodidn’tI
21.Infrontofthefarmhouse______.
A.layapeasantboyB.laidapeasantboyC.apeasantlayD.didapeasantboylie
22.—Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.
—_____，butwhocaredwhatIsaid？
A.SooughtyouB.SoIoughtC.SodidyouD.SoIdid
23.—Itwashotyesterday.—_____.
A.Itwasso.B.Sowasit.C.Soitwas.D.Soitdid
24.Nolonger_____tobemonitoroftheclass.
A.ishefitB.heisfitC.hefitD.fitbe
25.—Youlikefootballverymuch.—________.
A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.IdotooD.Itisthesamewithme
26.Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday___beabletomasterthelanguage.
A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou
27.Hardly____
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