Unit 3 The world of colors and light Grammar 导学案译林版选修8精品.docx
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Unit3TheworldofcolorsandlightGrammar导学案译林版选修8精品
Unit3TheworldofcolorsandlightGrammar导学案
英语的基本语序是“主语”+“谓语”。
如果将谓语的全部或一部分提前放在主语之前,这种语序叫做倒装语序。
倒装的原因:
1.某些语法结构的需要(如某些疑问句)。
2.为了强调。
倒装句的种类:
部分倒装---将谓语的一部分提到主语之前(即将助动词,系动词或情态动词放到主语之前)
全部倒装---将谓语的全部提到主语之前
NeverbeforehaveIseenafilmsomoving.(部分倒装)
Incametheteacher.(全部倒装)
一.部分倒装
1.在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中。
Doesheplaytheguitarwell?
Whatareyoudoing?
2.as作“尽管”讲,引导的让步从句时,将表语或状语提前(形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提到as之前),主谓顺序不变。
注意:
句首名词不能带任何冠词。
句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。
如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
③though引导的让步状语从句也可以采用这种倒装句式,但although引导的让步状语从句不能倒装。
Youngasheis,heknowsalot.
Childasheis,heseemstoknoweverything.(child前不加冠词)
Hardasheworked,hemadelittleprogress.
Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.
3.Only修饰的状语提前时。
OnlythendidIbegintoknowher.
OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.
注意:
如果only修饰主语,则不必用倒装。
Onlyherememberedthatitwasmybirthday.
试题:
Onlywhenhestartedtoexplain______thereasonforthis.
A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized
4.某些表示否定意义副词或半否定副词,如:
not,never,hardly,seldom,little,few,atnotime,bynomeans,nowhere,notabit等在句首时。
SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson.
BynomeanswillIgiveup.
HardlycanIbelievethat.
试题:
①Little____abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.
A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecared
②Notforamoment____thetruthofyourstory.
A.didhemadeB.hemadeC.didhemakeD.hemakes
5.虚拟语气中,省略了if的条件句中,were,had或should可提前句首构成部分倒装。
WereInotsobusy,Ishouldgowithyou.=_______________________________
Hadhebeenhereyesterday,hewouldhavecometowatchthefootballmatch.=_______________
Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?
=______________________________________
6.用于so,nor,neither开头的句子,表示前面所说的情况也适用另一人或物)。
句型:
so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语
HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.
LiWeican’tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.
试题:
①——I’dmetPhilipseveraltimesbefore.——________.
A.SodidIB.SohadIC.SoIhadD.Imet,also
②——Areyougoingtherewithus?
——IfMarywantstogo,______.
A.IalsogoB.sodoIC.soIwillD.sowillI
③——DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?
——Idon’tknow,and_____.
A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealso
注意:
①对前面所说的情况表示肯定,前后两句的主语指的是同一个人或物时,主谓不倒装,so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词。
----Itwascoldyesterday.
---Soitwas.(天确实冷)
②如果前面所说部分有肯定,有否定,动词类型又不一致,而后面一句要表示的也有与上面所述的类似情况,这时须改用下列句型:
---Tomiscleverbuthedoesn’tworkhard.
---Soitiswithmybrother./Itisthesamewithmybrother.
7.so/such…that(如此…以致于)句型中,so/such提前到句首构成部分倒装,则so/such所在的分句主谓要倒装。
Socarelesslydidhedrivethathealmostkilledhimself.
Soloudlydidhespeakthatpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.
Suchacleverboyishethateveryonelikeshim.
试题:
①Soloudly_______that______hearherclearly.
A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecould
C.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould
②________isthepowerofTVthatitcanmakeapersonsuddenlyfamous.
ASuchBThisCThatDSo
注意:
当such做表语时,句子要倒装。
这时要把主语和表语调换。
Suchwereherwords.她就是这么说的。
Herwordsweresuch.(错)
Suchistheirdecision.他们的决定就是这样。
Theirdecisionissuch.(错)
试题:
_________,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.
A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein
8.当notonly…butalso,notuntil…,nosooner…than,hardly…when在句首时,要倒装。
注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。
Notonly…butalso…句型中,前一个分句倒装,后一个分句不倒装。
Notonlywasheforcingtostayathome,buthewasalsoforbiddentoseehisfriends.
Notuntil…句型中,复合句的前面从句不倒装,后面的主句倒装。
Notuntilshesawthepresentdidshefeelhappy.
Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.。
Nosooner…than…,hardly…when的句型中,后面从句不倒装,前面主句倒装。
Nosoonerhadhefinishedthetalkthanamanstoodupandputforwardaquestion.HardlyhadIenteredthearmywhenIfeltveryproud.
试题:
①Notuntilhisfatherwasoutofprison____toschool.
A.canJohngoB.JohncangoC.couldJohngoD.Johncouldgo
②Nosooner____asleepthansheheardaknockatthedoor.
A.shehadfallenB.hadshefallenC.shefellD.didshefall
二.全部倒装
1.therebe结构(exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand)句型。
Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.
Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.
试题:
______abeautifulpalace___thefootofthehill.
A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at
2.here,there,now,thenout,in,up,down,away,off等副词,名词短语置于句首且主语为名词时.
Herecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.Awaywenttheboy.
Northofthecityis/liesatemple.
注意:
代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。
如:
Hereyouare.Inhecomes.
试题:
①——Canyoutellmewheremyuncleis?
——Yes,ofcourse,________.
A.hereyourunclecomesB.herecomesyouruncle.
C.comesyourunclehereD.youruncleherecomes
②——Whereisthereport?
——________.
A.ThereisitB.ThereitisC.TherethereportisD.Istherethereport
③There___________.Andhere________.
A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe
C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe
④Out_________,withastickinhishand.[
A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush
3.表示地点的介词短语(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)放在句首时且主语为名词时,要全部倒装。
Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.
Infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground.
试题:
Nearthechurch_______cottage.
A.wassuchanoldB.hadasooldC.wassucholdaD.issoanold
4.句首为直接引语时.
“This”,saidtheartist,“isthemostbeautifulplaceIhaveeverseen.”
5.有时为了生动,或为了强调表语或状语,使上下文紧密衔接或使句子平衡常用倒装。
(如分词、不定式、形容词等作表语置于句首时)
Onthegroundlayanoldsickgoat.
Alsopresentwillbeapersonwhothinksupanideaforanadvertisement.
Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.
Buriedherewasafamouspoet.
试题:
①Ineachroom_____.
A.aretenstudentsB.tenstudentsareC.tenstudentsthereareD.tenarestudents
②_________arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.
A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going
三.其他
1.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
Mayyousucceed!
Longlivethepeople!
人民万岁!
2.在频度状语often,well,always,manyatime,nowandagain等开头的句子中,需倒装。
Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.
ManyatimehasshehelpedmewithmyEnglish.
高二英语语法精练----倒装句
1.Look,________.
A.herethebuscomesB.hereisthebusconing
C.herecomesthebusD.herethebusiscoming
2.—WhereisKate?
—Look,_______,sheisattheschoolgate.
A.theresheisB.thereissheC.hereyouareD.hereitis
3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect?
A.IntheteachercameB.Indidcometheteacher
C.IndidtheteachercomeD.Incametheteacher
4.Out_____,withastickinhishand.
A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush
5._______,heishonest.
A.AsheispoorB.PoorisheC.PoorasheisD.Poorasishe
6.________,heknowsalotofthings.
A.AchildasheisB.ChildasheisC.AchildasisheD.Childasishe
7._____,shemaynotcatchupwithhersisterLisa.
A.HardthoughsheworksB.Hardalthoughsheworks
C.HardworkssheD.Hardevenifsheworks
8.___thatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.
A.SofastheranB.SofastdidherunC.SofastranheD.Suchfastdidherun
9.Earlyintheday____thenews_____theenemyweregone.
A.come;thatB.came;thatC.comes;thatD.came;what
10.Onlywhenyourealizetheimportanceofforeignlanguages_____themwell.
A.youcanlearnB.canyoulearnC.youlearnedD.didyoulearn
11.Onlyafterliberation_____tobetreatedashumanbeings.
A.didtheybeginB.theyhadbegunC.theydidbeginD.hadtheybegun
12.Notonly____tostayathome,buthewasalsoforbiddentoseehisfriends.
A.hewasforcingB.hewasforcedC.washeforcingD.washeforced
13.Notuntilhisfatherwasoutofprison____toschool.
A.canJohngoB.JohncangoC.couldJohngoD.Johncouldgo
14.Neverbefore_____seensuchastupidman.
A.amIB.wasIC.haveID.shallI
15.Rarely____suchasillything.
A.haveIheardofB.IhaveheardofC.amIheardofD.hadIheardof
16.Little_____abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill.
A.hecaredB.didhecareC.doeshecareD.hecares
17.Onlywhen_____intheafternoon_____abletoleave.
A.thematchwasover;theywereB.wasthematchover;werethey
C.wasthematchover;theywereD.thematchwasover;werethey
18..Ireceivedhismother’stelephonecallateleven.__thathewasbadlyhurtinanaccidentyesterday.
A.ThendidIknowB.OnlythenIknew
C.OnlythendidIknowD.OnlythenknewI
19.___,wecouldforgivehimforhismistakes!
A.WerehestillachildB.Ifheisstillachild
C.IshestillachildD.Hewerestillachild
20.ShedidnotseeSmith.________.
A.NeitherdidIB.Nordidn’tIC.NeitherIdidD.Sodidn’tI
21.Infrontofthefarmhouse______.
A.layapeasantboyB.laidapeasantboyC.apeasantlayD.didapeasantboylie
22.—Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.
—_____,butwhocaredwhatIsaid?
A.SooughtyouB.SoIoughtC.SodidyouD.SoIdid
23.—Itwashotyesterday.—_____.
A.Itwasso.B.Sowasit.C.Soitwas.D.Soitdid
24.Nolonger_____tobemonitoroftheclass.
A.ishefitB.heisfitC.hefitD.fitbe
25.—Youlikefootballverymuch.—________.
A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.IdotooD.Itisthesamewithme
26.Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday___beabletomasterthelanguage.
A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou
27.Hardly____