英语高一英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案.docx

英语高一英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案.docx

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英语高一英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案

（英语）高一英语阅读理解专项训练100（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we'reallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.

   Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon'taffectmostofusdirectly，itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted:

chocolate.

   AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao-theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced-maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.

   Mostoftheworld'scacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator，withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast.

It'spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.

   Theproblemdoesn'tlieinincreasedheat,however，butinlowerhumidity（湿度），asit'sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.

   “Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture（含水量）loss,”MichonScott,theessay'sauthor,wrote.

   Tohelpfightthisproblem,researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology,accordingtoUSNews.

   Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld'sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.

   “Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether,”MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.

   Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwe'reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast.

（1）Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?

A. Theincreasedheatthere.                                

B. Thehigherhumiditythere.

C. Thedecreaseinrainfallthere.                         

D. Themoisturelossinthesoilthere.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”intheseventhparagraphmean?

A. holdback                          

B. makeupfor                          

C. protect                          

D. accept

（3）WhatwillUScompanyMarsdotohelpcacaosurvive?

A. Itwillworkhardtoplantcacaoingreenhouses.         

B. Itwillapplygeneeditingtechnologyinplantingcacao.

C. Itwillgivefinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange.         

D. Itwilldevelopcacaothatcansurviveindryerconditions.

（4）Whatmaybethebesttitleofthistext?

A. Chocolatecouldbecomehistory                    

B. Worktogethertofightclimatechange

C. Howdowegrowcacaointhefuture?

            D. Howdocacaoplantsaffectclimatechange?

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第七段中的“‘Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture（含水量）loss,’MichonScott,theessay'sauthor,wrote.”可知未来赤道附近的可可树很难存活，是因为那里土壤中水分的流失，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第六段中的“Theproblemdoesn'tlieinincreasedheat,however，butinlowerhumidity（湿度），asit'sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.可知Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture（含水量）loss”的意思是换句话说，高温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量的增长不足以抵消水量的流失，所以“offset”的意思是弥补，抵消，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段中的“Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld'sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.”可知美国的火星巧克力公司给予财政支援，用来帮助对抗气候的变化，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

   DevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantstheworldtoknowexactlywhereshe'sbeenwhileshe'sonherworldwidevacationinaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated（截肢）attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedinconvenienceforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.

   Tospreadthatmessage.Gallagherhasgonetosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheworld,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag（地理位置标签）,shewritesherlocationonherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.

   NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takinginthebeautifulParthenontempleinAthensandenjoyingariverrideinBudapest,allwiththewell-knownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.

   "IgetanewlegeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalk-board,"Gallaghersaid."Mymumandgrandmotherdidn'tliketheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid."

   Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstarewhenshe'swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback（反馈）,"Myleghasn'tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI'vewantedtodo,"shesaid."Idon'tknowifit'smydeterminationtoprovetomyselfthatIcandoit,anyway,I'vebeenabletokeepupwithpeopleatmyageandleadaprettygreatlife."

   Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.

（1）WhatmessagedidGallapherwanttospreadinherspecialway?

A. Sheenjoyshertravellingacrosstheglobe.

B. Shesufferslittlefromherleg'samputation.

C. shelooksonhermisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.

D. Shehasexactlyfalleninlovewithpostingphotosonline.

（2）Whatdoestheword"which"underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A. thecontinent                     

B. thepictures                     

C. theleg                     

D. thelocation

（3）Gallaphercanbestbedescribedas________.

A. helpfulandambitious                                     

B. friendlyandgenerous

C. determinedandcreative                                 

D. independentandsensible

（4）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. NeverTooLatetoshare                                   

B. ASpecialArtificialLeg

C. AnOutstandingPhotographer                       

D. Gallagher'sSummerHolidays

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】DevonGallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。

长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。

她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段中AlthoughtheamputationcausedinconvenienceforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.。

尽管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。

由此可知Gallagher想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。

（2）推理判断题。

NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawall…现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些照片展示了…所以which指代的是她拍的照片，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第四段OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalk-board,"Gallaghersaid."Mymumandgrandmotherdidn'tliketheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid."Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的主意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决心。

根据第二段 Tospreadthatmessage.Gallagherhasgonetosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheworld,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag（地理位置标签）,shewritesherlocationonherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture。

Gallagher把她的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。

最后一段Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart。

是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。

这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故ASpecialArtificialLeg是最好的标题。

故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

   Scientistsfoundthatsleepingconsiderablyimprovesourcreativity.Aftertakinganappeopleareabletothinkfasterandputmoreimaginationintotheirthinking.Besides,ifwedream,thethinkingabilitiesareimprovedevenmore.

   Researchersconsiderthatsleepingonaprobleminmostcasesleadstoelucidation（解释）.TheysaywhenapersonentersaphasecalledRapidEyeMovement（REM）duringsleep,itincreasestheeffect.Suchphasetakesplacerightbeforeweawakeandaccordingtoscientistsithelpsourbrainmakelinksbetweenunrelatedsubjects.

   Inthestudy,ledbyProfessorSaraMednick,scientistsmadeaconclusionthattheREMwas"importantforassimilating（消化）newinformationintopastexperience"inordertofindsolutionstocreativeproblems.

   Prof.MednickisapsychiatristattheUniversityofCalifornia.Herstudyinvolvedtheanalysisof77adults.Eachparticipantwasgivenseveralword-associatedcreativetasks.Alltasksweregiveninthemorning,withparticipantsbeingshownanumberofgroupsof3words,forexample:

cookie,heartandsixteen.Theywereaskedtocomeupwithawordthatwouldbeassociatedwithallthreegiventerms—likesweet.Sometimelater,aftersomeparticipantswereallowedtosleep,theywereaskedtoperformthesametasksandsomenewones.Itisworthmentioningthatwhilesomepeopleslept,research