巧石集锦.docx

巧石集锦.docx

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巧石集锦

巧石集锦

9oftheMostImpressiveBalancedStonesintheWorld

Earthmaybeoneofthemostgeologicallyactiveplanetsinthesolarsystem,butdon’ttellthattothese9brazenlyobliviousbalancedstones.

Poisedbetweeninertialstabilityandtherelentlessforceofgravity,theserock-steadyrocksmaintainaprecariousbalancebetweensoilandsky.

BalancedRock,Colorado,USA

Thehugebalancedrockknownas,er,BalancedRockcanbefoundintheGardenoftheGods,aRegisteredNationalNaturalLandmarklocatednearPike’sPeakinColoradoSprings,Colorado.Therockloomsoverapavedaccessroadthatprovidesanexcellentview–hopefully,notthelastviewanunluckydrivereversees.

ThephotoabovehighlightsthelayersofsandstonethatmakeupBalancedRockwhileaccentuatingthenarrowbasethathasweatheredawayovertheeons,partiallyfreeingtheboulderofharderredsandstonefromitsimprisoningmatrixofsofterstone.

BalancingRock,Digby,NovaScotia,Canada

BalancingRockinDigby,NovaScotia,isa30-oddfoothighspireofcolumnarbasaltthathasgraduallyerodedoutfromtheclifffaceovercountlessyears.ThetownofDigbyhaslatelybuiltaninfrastructureofrailingsandwalkwayssothataccesstothisstrikingphenomenonofnatureisnowmuchsafer–bothfortouristsandfortherockitself.

AccordingtoWallyHayes,afirst-timevisitortoBalancingRock,“IwasevenmoreawestruckwhenIapproachedforacloserviewandcouldlookundertherockthroughanarrowhorizontalcrackandseetheoceanbeyond.Therockcolumndidn’tappeartohavemuchattachmenttobaserockonwhichitstood.Notonlythat,partofthebaseprotrudedoutfromthesupportingrock.Itlookedlikeapencilstandingupright,halfonandhalfofftheedgeofatabletop.Butthiswasnotpencil,rathermanytonsofsolidrock.”

IdolRock,BrimhamMoor,NorthYorkshire,UK

Anumberofoddlyshapedandcuriouslybalancedrocksdota50-acreexpanseofBrimhamMoorinNorthYorkshire,England.Oneofthemostoutstanding–fromabalancedrockpointofview–istheso-calledIdolRock.Estimatedtoweightaround200tons,IdolRockbalancesitsenormousweightatopacomparativelytiny,pyramidalstoneuponwhichfrighteninglyhighpressuresarebeingexpended.

IdolRockanditscompanionBrimhamRocks,whichincludeTheSphinx,TheWatchdog,TheCamel,TheTurtle,andTheDancingBear,canbeviewedattheNidderdaleAreaofOutstandingNaturalBeauty.TheUK’sNationalTrustoverseestheareaandadmittanceisfree.

ElTorcaldeAntequera,Andalucia,Spain

ElTorcalNatureReserve,situatedinthemountainssouthofAntequera,Spain,featuresaplethoraofkarstlimestonerockformationsthattypicallyfeaturetall,taperingspiresofrockcombinedwithhorizontalweatheringpatterns.Theresultofthiscombinationisoftenexpressedinhuge“flapjackstacks”thatareactuallymorestablethantheyappear.

ThekarststonetowersofElTorcaldeAntequerahaveevolvedterracesoflimestoneoverwhichtouristscanascendlikestairsinordertogetupclose&personalwiththerocks.ClimbingfurtherisNOTrecommended,however–Darwinhasprovidedenoughexamplesinthereservewithoutyourbecominganotherone!

Kjeragbolten,Norway

Kjeragboltenisa5squaremeter（roughly15sqft）rockthathiswedgeditselfinacrevassebetweentwogiganticrocksonKjeragmountain,Norway.It’snotyourtypical,top-heavybalancedrockbyanymeansbutthat’snottosaythatKjeragboltenisatperfectrest–justaskAronRalston,whosearmwastrappedbyasimilarlywedgedboulderinUtah’sBlueJohnCanyon,requiringhimtotakedesperatemeasurestofreehimself.

UnlikeRalston’snemesisinanundergroundcanyon,KjeragboltenislodgedhighuponKjerag.Howhigh?

Thosewhoarebraveenoughtowalkacrosstheboulder（andyes,thisisallowed）caneasilyviewthevalleyfloorabout1,000meters（over3,000feet）below.Forsheepishhikersespecially,theadmonition“don’tlookdown”wasneversoappropriate.

PeyroClabado,Sidobre,France

PeyroClabado（NailedRock）isperhapsthemostfamousofthemanyenormous,erodedgranitebouldersandrockformationsthatmakeuptheSidobreinLanguedoc,France.Therocksareallthatremainofa300millionyearoldmountainrangethatloomedoverwhatwastobecomewesternEurope.Today,isolatedoutcropsloomoverintrepidvisitorswhohavehopefullyupdatedtheirwillsbeforevisiting.

Ashardanddenseasgranitemaybe,givenenoughtimeeventhehardestspecimenswillbereducedtosandandsediment.PeyroClabadoisonitswaytothatfate,butforabriefmomentingeologicaltimewe’reprivilegedtoobservethis780-tonrockperformanexquisitelydelicatebalancingact.

MushroomRocks,Kansas,USA

MushroomRockStatePark,locatedintheSmokyHillsregionofKansas,mayonlybe5acresinsizebutitholdssomeoftheoddestbalancingrocksonEarth…andyes,acoupleofthemdoindeedresemblemushrooms.Very,verylargemushrooms–onemightexpecttoseethehookah-smokingcaterpillarfromAliceInWonderlandrelaxingontopofone.

TheKansasMushroomRocksareaworkinprogress,andunfortunatelytheendofthejobmeanstheendoftherockformation.Althoughweatheringbywindandwaterisaslowprocess,it’sremarkablyeffectiveoverlongstretchesoftime.IntheMushroomRocks,onecaneasilyseehowtheharder,darkerDakotaSandstonecaprockprotects（tosomedegree）thesofter,lightercoloredstonethatformsitspedestal.Evenmoreremarkableisthefactthatthenarrowpedestalwasoncepartofadistinctlayerofrock,thevastmajorityofwhichhaserodedaway.

ChirembaBalancingRocks,Epworth,Zimbabwe

TheChirembaBalancingRocksarelittleknownoutsideofZimbabwebutthelocalscertainlyappreciatetheirmajesty:

oneimpressivegroupingisfeaturedonthecountry’sbanknotes.LikethebalancingrocksoftheSidobreinFrance,theseweatheredbouldersaremadeofancientgraniteandit’stakenmillionsofyearsforthemtosettleintotheiroutwardlyprecariouspositions.

EpworthislocatedafewmilessoutheastofZimbabwe’scapitol,Harare,andtheChirembaBalancingRocksarejustashorttaxirideaway.Theyweredeclaredanationalmonumentin1994andadmissiontotheparkisapproximately3dollars.

MexicanHatRock,Utah,USA

MexicanHatRockislocatedjustoutsideMonumentValleyinsouth-centralSanJuanCounty,Utah.The60-foot（18m）wideby12-foot（3.7m）thickredsandstonerockoutcroppingistheonlyoneofitskindintheareaandcanbeseenformilesaround.

TherearetwodesignatedclimbingrouteslaidoutforthosewhowishtomakethestrenuoushiketothebaseofMexicanHatRock’ssombrero-shapedcap.Thoughnota“balancedrock”inthepuresenseoftheterm,thecaprockisattachedtoitsbasebyaverynarrowneckwhichwillinevitablysnapsoonerorlater…keepthatinmind,hikers.

以下为本博补充

中国安徽黄山飞来石

飞来石位于光明顶西北方，相距近1公里。

天海平天矼的西端，有一块巨石，呈近长方柱体耸立在峰头基岩平台之上，走向南东，宽7米，厚1.5－2.5米，高15米，花岗岩的平均密度为2.59×103kg/m3,其重量约为544吨。

从南向北侧面观看，它上尖下圆，形似一颗巨桃，世人称其为“仙桃石”或“仙桃峰”，海拔1730米。

经实地测量，巨石下面的基岩平台长12－15米，宽8－10米。

岩石成分完全相同的上下二石，其间的接触面积却很小，使游人感到到上面的巨石似从天外飞落崖上，故名“飞来石”。

游人立于基座平台之上，如临画境，故石面上有“画境”二字题刻。

明代游览者程玉衡惊叹此石的存在，有诗云：

“策杖游兹峰，怕上最高处。

知尔是飞来，恐尔复飞去。

”巨石如此巨大，何人能够撼动半分？

关于“飞来石”的身世，千年以来一直蒙上了神秘的面纱；相传此石为女娲补天所剩两石之一，后来飞落黄山成此奇石。

其实，“飞来石”并非天外飞来，它与下部的基座平台原系一体，都是由黄山岩体补充期侵入的中细粒斑状花岗岩所构成；花岗岩构造节理发育，由于北东和北西向的两组近直立节理和北西走向的近水平节理的切割裂解，形成了长方柱体的“飞来石”雏形，但此时其四周仍被岩块包围着，上下仍为一体。

后来，在山体的不断抬升中，由于风化剥蚀，冰川流水和重力崩塌，使四周岩块逐渐被剥离脱落，基座平台面上的接触面变得很小，最终形成了兀立于高座平台之上的“飞来石”奇观。

相传，宋代有个叫单福的石匠，一生给人家造成了不少桥，心想也在自己家乡门口的江山建造一座，但叹息没有帮手。

他膝下只有一女叫小姣，长得聪明美丽。

小姣知道父亲的心思，便要求参加帮助干。

但那深山采石，百里运石的苦和累，小女子怎么受得了，所以单福就是不答应。

小姣跪在地上苦苦哀求，单福没奈何，才含泪点头。

他还把三个徒弟找来帮忙，不久就干起来了。

由于开山运石的苦和累实在难受，大徒弟和二徒弟先后悄悄地溜了。

单福和女儿、三徒弟为修桥铁了心，继续风里雨里苦干着。

但好几年过去了，运到江边的石头只有一小堆，这样累死苦死，桥也建不起来。

小姣一咬牙，请人写了“捐身修桥”四个大字，插了个草标，坐到江边石堆旁。

一连三天，来看的人无数，但望望滔滔的江水，就都走了。

这天，忽然来了个瘸子，身背一把扇子，摘了草标，问小姣愿不愿意跟他走，小姣回答说：

“什么时候把大山里的开采的石头全运到江边，就什么时候跟你走。

”这瘸子原来是八仙中的铁拐李。

他挤出人群，腾云驾雾，很快来到百里外的大山，从背上拿下扇子，对着单福和三徒弟开出的石头就扇。

石头竟都飞了起来，又纷纷都落在江边。

单福和三徒弟也被从山上扇到造桥工地。

铁拐李还怕不够，又对身下立着的一块巨石扇了三扇子，他就站在那巨石上飞到江边。

只见底下尽人，未敢让巨石落下。

又听单福大声说：

“石头够了”他便驾起云头，飘游起来，游到黄山，见黄山风景秀丽，便将石头落下。

从此，这飞来石就给黄山增添了绝妙的一景。

另外还有两处飞来石，一处在翠微峰侧，一处在古颖林庵前小峰上。

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