过去分词作状语与高考试题.docx
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过去分词作状语与高考试题
过去分词作状语与高考试题
一.过去分词作状语时与句中主语之间的关系:
过去分词作状语时表示句子中主语是该动作的承受者,即“动宾关系”。
1._____bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarms.
A.AttactingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted
2.______inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedthelocalpolice.
A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losting
二.过去分词作状语所表示的意义
过去分词在句中作状语时,可表示时间,原因,条件,伴随,让步等。
如:
1.______withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.
A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface
2.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonnesreturnedhome.______.
A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted
3.Nomatterhowfrequently______,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.
A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed
二.使用过去分词作状语时容易错的两种情况
1.忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是句中主语(或主动或被动)。
如:
Ifheated,_______.A.peoplecanturnwaterintogasB.onecanchangeiceintowater
C.iceturnsintowaterD.peoplegetwaterfromice
★若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其他方法来修正:
①给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构或改变语态。
②改为相应的状语从句来表达。
③用with的符合结构等。
如:
完成作业后,孩子们出去踢足球了。
(X)Finishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.
()Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(独立主格结构)
()Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(现在分词完成形式)
()Withtheirhomeworkfinshed,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(with的复合结构)
()Afterfinishingtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(介词+动名词)
★有些含有分词的固定插入语,其逻辑主语不要求与主语一致。
如:
judgngfrom(从…….来判断);generally(frankly/exactly/…./)speaking一般地(坦率地/确切地)说;
considering(考虑到)……;talkingof(说到)….;supposingthat(假使)….;seeingthat(鉴于)…..等。
如:
eg.Consideringhishealth,hewasmadetostayathome。
2.不能正确区分doing(现在分词)和done(过去分词)的用法
(1)______theprogamme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.
A.NotcompletingB.Notcompleted
C.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted
(1)_______manytimes,hestillcametoschoollate.
A.HavingtoldB.HavingbeentoldC.ToldD.Beingtold
(3)_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Beinglost
翻译句子:
1.不管翻译得多好,我们都不喜欢这首诗。
2.一般来讲,男人比女人跑得快些。
3.虽然他受到大家的嘲笑,但却得到我的同情(simpathy)。
4.一旦这个工程开始了,就不会改变了。
5.从太空上望去,地球看起来是兰色的。
那个罪犯的手被捆在后面,被送到了警察局。
(with)
过去分词作宾语补足语
一.接过去分词(短语)做宾语补足语的四类动词及特殊结构
1.感官动词:
feel,see,hear,watch,smell,taste,notice,observe,find等+sth./sb.+done。
如:
Ifoundallthewindowsbroken.
2表示“希望;要求”等意义的动词:
want,shouldlike,wouldlike/love,wish,order等+sb./sth.+done。
如:
Thepolice,findingthefimunhealthy,ordereditbanned.
3.使役动词:
make,get,have,等+sth./sb.+done。
:
如:
Ihadmytaprepaired.(=Iaskedsomeonetorepairthetap.)
注意:
have/getsth.done结构的三种不同的含义:
(1)”请/让/叫别人(为自己做某事)”,强调主语的意志.
(2)”受到;遭受”,表示一种经历
.eg.Shehadherhousedamagedinthestorm.
(=Somethingbadhadhappenedtoherhouse.)
(3)”使完成某事”,此事可以是别人完成的也可以是自己参与的.如:
Shetoldmeshehadhadherhouserepaired.
(=Shetoldmeherhousewasrepaired.)
4.保持某种状态的动词:
keep,leave等+sth./sb.+done。
如:
Pleasekeepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.
5.特殊结构:
with/without+名词/代词+done结构,分词done做名词/代词的宾语补足语.如:
Doyouknowthegirlwithherhairtiedback?
Theyleftwithoutaplateuntouched.
二.两种分词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别
1.及物动词的过去分词做宾语补足语时表被动;;现在分词则表示主动.如:
Wehaveourclassroomcleanedafterschooleveryday.TheteacherhadTomcleaningtheclassroomtoday.
2.不及物动词的过去分词做宾补时,表示动作的完成,分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前;现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行。
如
WhenIgothome,Ifoundmywalletgone.(gone”丢”的动作已经完成)
WhenIcamehere,IsawLiLeireadinganEnglishbook.
不定式作宾语补足语的情况---主语补足语或宾语补足语
区别:
1.Isawhimcryingunderthetree.(宾语补足语)Hewasseencryingunderthetree.(主语补足语)
2.Isawhimbroughtintothecourt.(宾语补足语)Hewasseenbroughtintothecourt.(主语补足语)
3.Isawhimclosethedoor.(宾语补足语)Hewasseentoclosethedoor.
分词大练兵:
一.1.WhenwewerepassedbyIsawasoldier______intheriverandfoundhishorse_____toabigtre.
A.swim;tieB.toswim;totieC.swimming;tiedD.swum;tying
2.Iwashavingmybike___inthestreetwhenIheardmyname_____.
A.repaired;calledB.repairing;tocallC.repaired;callingD.torepaire;call
3.Hespeaksastrangelanguage.Whateverhesaid,hecouldn’tmakehimself_______.
A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood
4.Whatsurprisedmewastoseesomeimportantpeopleinthetown____inthechairsatthebackofourclassroom.
A.seatingB.seatedC.seatD.tobeseated
5.Ifindit_____thatyoucan’tplayfootball.Butteamcooperation(合作)won’tmakeyou_____.
A.amazing;embarrassedB.amazed;embarrassed
C.amazing;embarrassingD.amazed;embarrassing
6.Thepolicemenbroughtintwothieveswhowerecaught______inthesupermarket.
A.stealB.stilenC.stealingD.tostealing
7.Thestudentsstudiedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextterm.
A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout
8.---CanIparkhere?
---Anyon