文字版Word格式.docx

文字版Word格式.docx

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overlook

•①failtonotice

•e.g.overlookaprinter’serror

•②lookatcarefully

•e.g.overlookcarefullytheaccounts

•Intheunitedstatesabattlehadlongragedinmilitaryandcongressionalcirclesoverhowmuchofourdefenseeffortshouldbeallottedtobombers,howmuchtomissiles.

•美国军界和国会长期以来一直在激烈地争论着，我们的国防力量究竟应该把多少用在轰炸机上，多少用在导弹上。

Someonewithahistoryofthinkingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactivemind.

A.历史上想得多而不是少的人比没有积极动脑筋的人更容易在认知上比较健全地进入老龄

B.习惯于多动脑筋而不是不大肯动脑筋的人，在进入老龄后要比起一个不积极动脑子的人的认知能力更为健全。

WhiletheseunderprivilegedpeoplereceivehelpfromtheGovernment,theyhavenohopesfortheirfuture.

•这些生活水平低下的人们虽然得到政府的帮助，但是他们对未来不报多大的希望。

•当这些生活水平低下的人们得到政府帮助的时候，他们对未来不报多大的希望。

Until

①Ishallgoonworkinguntilnextweek.

②Agriculturemaderapidgainsuntil1960,butthenencounterednaturaldisasters.

•Untilrecentlythishostiletowardsdaydreamingwasthemostcommonone.Butnowsomepeoplearetakingafreshlookatdaydreaming,somethinkitmaybeaveryhealthythingtodo.

Translatebywordform（Countable&

uncountableSingle&

plural）

⏹Agreement

⏹Agentleman’sagreement

⏹Roomrooms

⏹WestudyatRoom402.

⏹Thereisonlystandingroominthebus.

⏹Thereismuchroomforimprovementinourstudy.

Countable&

Uncountable

⏹Universitymedicalschoolscanonlyfindplacesforhalfofthosewhoapply.

⏹A地方B名额

⏹Nowarhaseverstartedwithsuchavictoryforonesideattheverybeginningofthehostilities.

⏹A敌意B战争

⏹Thereisadefinitelinkbetweensmokingandlungcancer.Butthisdoesn’tmakeyoutoouncomfortablebecauseyouareingoodcompany.

⏹A公司B陪伴

⏹Everypeopleinturnadapteditselftothelawofnecessity.

⏹A人们B民族

⏹Asaresultofthoseeconomies,manyofourmostimportantnewprojectsinotherfieldsbecamepossible.

⏹A经济B节约措施

Single&

Plural

⏹Thesingleformandpluralformofacountablenounmayhavequitedifferentmeanings.Sometimesthetwomeaningsevenhavenoconnections.

⏹Thehumanbrainisthecenterofhighernervousactivity.

⏹Shehasplentyofbrains,butwillnotusethem.

⏹Heishereinthebody,butnotinthespirit.

⏹Hehadaglassofspiritsandwenttobed.

⏹Wateristheonlydrinkforawiseman.

⏹Theyprefertofishontheinternationalwaters.

Translatebypartsofspeech

Forthewordthathasmorethanonepartofspeech

Translatebypartsofspeech

•Workerscanfish.

fish（n.）--cold-bloodedanimallivingwhollyinwater

（v.）--catchfish

can（modelverb）–beableto

（n.）–metalcontainer

（v.）–putinacan

•Like

v.Helikesmathematicsmorethanphysics

n.similarpersonorsimilarthing

e.g.Likeknowslike.

Likelikeslike.

Likecureslike.

Likebegetslike.

a.similar

e.g.Hewrotewellonthisandlikesubject.

Likefather,likeson.

Differentcoursesproducelikeresult.

•Exampleshelpusknowexactlywhatawordmeans.

•Itismeantospreadthegossipaboutothers.

•Eighthoursisahappymeanbetweentoomuchsleepandtoolittle.

Seeknotproudriches,butsuchasyoumaygetjustly,usesoberly,distributecheerfully,andleavecontentedly.

千万别为摆阔炫耀而追求财富，只挣你取之有道、用之有度、施之有乐且遗之有慰的钱财。

•Rightwrongsnoman.

•Right（n.）–justice

•wrong（a.）

（v.）–treatunjustly;

beunfairto

•Underthelawofcompetition,theemployerofthousandsisforcedintothestrictesteconomies,amongwhichtheratespaidtolaborfigureprominently.

•Figure（n）:

1、number

2、Hewasabigfigure.

3、Hehasahandsomefigure.

（v）:

1、imagine

2、occupy

•Theirwholeliveswereregulated,perhapsmorethanthoseofanyotherpeoplesavetheSpaniards,byaregardforprecedent.

•Hethoughtthatdirectlyinternalconfidenceinthegovernmentdeclined,herfinancialstructurewouldbeindanger.

•Directly---（conj.）assoonas

•他认为一旦国内对政府信心下降，他的财政体制就会出现危机。

•Perhapstotaldestructionisevenmoreattractivethantotalinsecurityandneverendingpersonalanxiety.

•或许通通的毁灭要比总是感到不安和无穷无尽的担忧更吸引人。

Translatebycollocationofwords

•Tochooseanddefinethemeaningofawordbyitscollocationinthesentence

•E.g.Heisthelastmantocome.

Heisthelastmantodoit.

Heisthelastpersonforsuchajob.

Heshouldbethelastpersontoblame.

Heisthelastmantoconsult.

ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.

•moreAthanB

•E.g.Itseems,then,thatthesetwobranchesofsciencearemutuallydependentandinteracting,andthattheso-calleddivisionbetweenthepurescientistandtheappliedscientistismoreapparentthanreal.

•Heismoreofapoliticianthanascholar.

与其说他是一个学者，不如说他是一位政治家。

Someofthesuggestionsaremorethanwecanaccept.

morethan+clause（thereistheword“can”or“could”）实在不能

nomorethan5

nolessthan5

Itisnolessthanablackmailtoasksuchahighprice.

开这么高的价，简直是敲竹杠。

•Thisbookisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.

•Thisbookisnotmoreinterestingthanthatone.

•Wehumanbeingsshouldbegoodtoanimals.

•Mybrotherisgoodatmakingmodelplanes.

•Thegirltakesafterhermother,andisalwayscheerful.

•Thentheyencouragechildrentoexplore,invent,takethingsapartandputthemtogether.

•Theytookonmybrotherbecauseheisagoodtechnician.

•Hetooktowearingblacksuitsandyellowties.

•AgoodcitizenshouldbeagoodChristian,agoodparent,child,wifeandhusband.

•一个好公民应是个虔诚的教徒、慈爱的父亲、孝顺的儿女、贤良的妻子或尽职的丈夫。

•Hehaltedinthedistrictwherebynightarefoundthelighteststreet,hearts,vowsandlibrettos.

•他在一个市区停了下来，那里的夜晚有最明亮的街道、最愉快的心情、最轻易出口的盟誓和最轻松的歌曲。

•Nowsincetheassessmentofintelligenceisacomparativematterwemustbesurethatthescalewithwhichwearecomparingoursubjectsprovidesa“valid”or“fair”comparison.

•既然对智力的评估是相对而言的，那么我们必须确保，我们比较实验对象时用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。

•Unhappily，thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.

•不幸的是，许多大量有关面谈的一般性文献较少涉及新闻采访这一领域。

•“Inshort,”aleaderofthenewschoolcontends,“thescientificrevolution,aswecallit,waslargelytheimprovementandinventionanduseofaseriesofinstrumentsthatexpandedthereachofscienceininnumerabledirections.”

TheLawofCompetition

Underthelawofcompetition,theemployerofthousandsisforcedintothestrictesteconomies,amongwhichtheratespaidtolaborfigureprominently.Thepricewhichsocietypaysforthelaw,likethepriceitpaysforcheapcomfortsandluxuries,isgreat,buttheadvantagesofthislawarealsogreaterthanitscost---foritistothislawthatweoweourwonderfulmaterialdevelopment,whichbringsimprovedconditionsinitstrain.But,whetherthelawbebenignornot,wecannotevadeit;

oftheeffectofanynewsubstitutesforitproposedwecannotbesure;

andwhilethelawmaybesometimeshardfortheindividual,itisbestfortherace,becauseitinsuresthesurvivalofthefittestineverydepartment.Weacceptandwelcome,therefore,asconditionstowhichwemustaccommodateourselves,greatinequalityofenvironment;

theconcentrationofbusiness,industrialandcommercial,inthehandsofafew;

andthelawofcompetitionbetweenthese,asbeingnotonlybeneficial,butessentialtothefutureprogressoftherace.

竞争的法则

在竞争的法则下，拥有数千员工的雇主不得不实行一些最严厉的节约措施，其中节约支付给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。

社会为这个法则付出的代价如同为低廉的舒适条件和奢侈品付出的代价一样是巨大的。

但这个法则所带来的好处超过了代价，因为正是这个法则，我们才有了了不起的物质进步，其结果是生活条件的改善。

但是，不管这个法则是好是坏，我们无法回避，对任何建议替代它的新东西，其作用我们是不敢肯定的。

虽然这个法则有时对个人来说可能很残酷，但对人类来说则大有益处，因为它确保每个领域里适者生存。

我们接受并欢迎环境上的不平等，接受并欢迎让工商业经营集中在少数人的手里，接受和欢迎他们之间存在竞争的法则，我们把所有这一切看戍是我们必须适应的条件，看成对人类未来的进步不仅有益，而且是很有必要的。

•InEnglish,someexpressions（suchas“lessthan”、“morethan”、“asmuchas”）haveonlycomparativeforms,butnotcomparativemeanings.Thereforewhiletranslating,weshouldfirstlyidentifytheexactmeaningsofthoseexpressions.

comparativestructures

•Heisclevererthanhisbrother.

•Heislesscleverthanhisbrother.

•Eventhedullestworkistomostpeoplelesspainfulthanidleness.

1.Nomore…than

•Heisnomorecleverthanhisbrother.

他和他兄弟一样不聪明。

他不聪明正如他的兄弟不聪明一样。

•MoreandmoreAfro-AmericansseehimasatrickyenemywhohasnomoreloveforthemthanhewasfortheCongolese.

•KoreanscannomoreagreeonwhetherthechangeshavecometoofastortooslowlythantheycanonwhatKoreandemocracyisorshouldbe.

•韩国人对变革是否来得太快或太慢，意见不一，同样对韩国民主是什么样子或应是什么样子，也看法不一。

Nomore…than

•Ifmachinesreallythoughtasmando,therewouldbenomorereasontofearthemthantofearman.

•如果机器真的能和人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕它们，正如没有理由怕人一样。

2.not\never…anymorethan…

•not\never…anymorethan…（不…正如….不）

E.g.asanation,theFrencharenoteagertolearnabouttheirwartimefailuresanymorethanaretheJapanese.

asanation,theFrencharenomoreeagertolearnabouttheirwartimefailuresthanaretheJapanese.

•ExerciseP78-（3）（4）

•Therewasahugelibraryneartheriverfront,butIknewthatNegroeswerenotallowedtopatronizeitsshelvesanymorethantheyweretheparksandplaygroundsofthecity.

•ItwasneverintendedbyNature