高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习.doc

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高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习.doc

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高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习.doc

虚拟语气:

虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实,或者不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等,一般常用于正式的书面语中。

一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法:

1、a.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.

b.IfIlivednearmyoffice,Iwouldwalktotheoffice.

与现在事实相反,If条件从句谓语:

过去式(be用were)

主句谓语:

should/would/could/might+动词原形

2、a.Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,Youcouldhavepassedtheexam.

b.Ifyouhadturnedoffthegas,thehousewouldn’thavecaughtfire.

与过去事实相反,If条件从句谓语:

had+动词过去分词

主句谓语:

should/would/could/might+havedone

3、a.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

b.ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

c.Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

与将来事实相反:

If条件从句谓语:

过去式/should+v原形/were+todo

主句谓语:

should/would/could/might+do

二、混合虚拟条件句:

不同时间的虚拟,各遵守各的规则,如:

a.Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbequiteallrightnow.

从句叙述与过去事实相反(had+done),主句叙述与现在事实相反(would+v)

b.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.

从句叙述与现在事实相反(过去式),主句叙述与过去事实相反(wouldhavedone)

三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的适用:

a.Theydemandedthattheblackpeople(should)betreatedaswellaswhitepeople.

b.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffatonce.(建议)

Hissmilesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.(暗示,表明)

c.Iinsistedthatyou(should)givememymoneyback.(坚决(持),要求)

Mikeinsistedthathehadneverstolenanything.(坚持说/坚持认为)

这类动词有:

一坚持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建议(advise,suggest,recommend,propose),四要求(require,request,demand,desire)

d.IwishIwereabird.

Idowishyouwouldcomeearliernexttime.

IwishIhaddonebetterinmywork.

四、虚拟语气在主语从句中的适用:

1.Itwas/isimportant/vital/necessary/appropriate/proper/rightthat……

eg:

Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.

2.Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.

据建议/要求/命令……

eg:

Itissuggestedthatparents(should)spendmoretimewiththeirchildrenalone.

五、虚拟语气在表语从句中的适用(与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。

如:

suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement等)构成的表语从句常用should+do结构

eg:

Oursuggestionisthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.

六、虚拟语气在同位语从句中的适用(与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。

如:

suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement等)构成的同位语从句中常用should+do结构

eg:

Doctorsgiveussomeadvicethatwe(should)paymoreattentiontoourhealth.

七、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气:

由butfor(要不是),Without(要是没有),otherwise(要不然),but等引导

如:

butforthestorm,Iwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavepassedthedrivingtest.

Iwastoobusyatthattime.OtherwiseIwouldhavecalledyou.

Iwouldhavecometoseeyou,butIwastoobusy.

注意:

句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。

这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题。

八、虚拟语气的其他用法

1、It’s(high)timethat从句:

(从句用过去式或者should+动词原形

eg:

It’shightimethatyouwenttoschool.

2、Ifonly(要是……就好了……)用一般过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反,用过去完成的表示与过去事实相反。

eg:

IfonlyIwereafilmstar.

IfonlyIhadknownhisphoneunmber.

3、asif引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气:

eg:

HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.

ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadlearnedEnglishinAmericaforyears.

HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgoabroad.

4、wouldrather+that从句中的虚拟语气

eg:

Iwouldratherthatyoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratherthatyouhadn’tdoneitbefore.

5、虚拟语气也常用于“ifitwere/hadbeennotfor……”句型中,意为“要不是……”

eg:

Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.

Ifithadnotbeenforyouradvice,Iwouldnothaveacceptedthejob.

6、省略if的虚拟语气:

从句中有were,had,should等词语,省略if,将were,had,should提到句首,如:

a.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

b.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

→Wereittoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

c.IfIhadhadthemoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtthehouse.

→HadIhadthemoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtthehouse.

()1.Ifweadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.

A.haven’tmade B.wouldn’tmake

C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmade

()2.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathesomethinginsteadofjusttaking.

A.willdo B.hasdone C.do D.did

()3.Don’thandlethevaseasifitmadeofsteel.

A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeen

()4.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

A.havehad B.hadhad C.have D.had

()5.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewemoreplacesofinterestyesterday.

A.visited B.hadvisited

C.wouldvisit D.wouldhavevisited

()6.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.

A.lives B.wouldlive C.haslived D.weretolive

()7.Wethedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?

A.shouldface B.mightface C.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced

()8.Ifmycarmorereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainstead

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