Unit 2 King Lear 重点词语学习Word文档下载推荐.docx

Unit 2 King Lear 重点词语学习Word文档下载推荐.docx

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verb

1.[vn]tomakeasystem,methods,etc.moremodernandmoresuitableforuseatthepresenttimeupdate:

Thecompanyisinvesting$9milliontomodernizeitsfactories.2.[v]tostartusingmodernequipment,ideas,etc.:

Unfortunatelywelacktheresourcestomodernize.

burden

noun

1.the~（ofsth）|a~（on/tosb）aduty,responsibility,etc.thatcausesworry,difficultyorhardwork:

tobear/carry/ease/reduce/sharetheburdenThemainburdenofcaringforoldpeoplefallsonthestate.theheavytaxburdenonworkingpeopleIdon’twanttobecomeaburdentomychildrenwhenI’mold.

2.（formal）aheavyloadthatisdifficulttocarrybeastofburden

verb[vn]

1.~sb/yourself（withsth）togivesbaduty,responsibility,etc.thatcausesworry,difficultyorhardwork:

Theyhaveburdenedthemselveswithahighmortgage.Idon’twanttoburdenyouwithmyworries.tobeburdenedbyhightaxation

2.beburdenedwithsthtobecarryingsthheavy:

Shegotoffthebus,burdenedwithtwoheavysuitcases.

responsibility

noun（pl.-ies）

1.[U,C]~（forsth/fordoingsth）|~（todosth）adutytodealwithortakecareofsb/sth,sothatyoumaybeblamedifsthgoeswrong:

WearerecruitingasalesmanagerwithresponsibilityfortheEuropeanmarket.Theyhaveresponsibilityforensuringthattherulesareenforced.Itistheirresponsibilitytoensurethattherulesareenforced.totake/assumeoverallresponsibilityforpersonnelparentalrightsandresponsibilitiesIdon’tfeelreadytotakeonnewresponsibilities.tobeinapositionofresponsibilityIdiditonmyownresponsibility（=withoutbeingtoldtoandbeingwillingtotaketheblameifithadgonewrong）.Theresponsibilityfordoingthisrestswiththedepartmentmanagers.2.[U]~（forsth）blameforsthbadthathashappened:

Thebankrefusestoacceptresponsibilityforthemistake.Nobodyhasclaimedresponsibilityforthebombing.Wemustallbearsomeresponsibilityforwhathappened.3.[U,C]~（to/towardssb）|~（todosth）adutytohelportakecareofsbbecauseofyourjob,position,etc.:

Shefeelsastrongsenseofresponsibilitytowardsheremployees.Ithinkwehaveamoralresponsibilitytohelpthesecountries.

allocate

verb~sth（forsth）|~sth（tosb/sth）|~（sb/sth）sthtogivesthofficiallytosb/sthforaparticularpurpose:

[vn]Theyintendtoallocatemoreplacestomaturestudentsthisyear.Alargesumhasbeenallocatedforbuyingnewbooksforthelibrary.[vn,vnn]Moreresourcesarebeingallocatedtotheproject.Theprojectisbeingallocatedmoreresources.

adore

verb（notusedintheprogressivetenses）

1.[vn]tolovesbverymuch:

It’sobviousthatsheadoreshim.2.（informal）tolikesthverymuch:

[vn]Isimplyadorehismusic!

Don’tyoujustadorethatdress!

[v-ing]Sheadoresworkingwithchildren.

pray

verb

1.~（tosb）（forsb/sth）tospeaktoGod,especiallytogivethanksoraskforhelp:

[v]Theykneltdownandprayed.I’llprayforyou.toprayforpeaceSheprayedtoGodforanendtohersufferings.[v（that）]Weprayed（that）shewouldrecoverfromherillness.[vtoinf]Heprayedtobeforgiven.[alsovspeech]

2.~（forsth）tohopeverymuchthatsthwillhappen:

[v]We’reprayingforgoodweatheronSaturday.[vthat]Iprayedthatnobodywouldnoticemymistake.

adv.（olduseorironic）usedtomean‘please’whenyouareaskingaquestionortellingsbtodosth:

What,pray,isthemeaningofthis?

Praycontinue.

distribute

1.~sth（to/amongsb/sth）togivethingstoalargenumberofpeople;

tosharesthbetweenanumberofpeople:

Theorganizationdistributedfoodtotheearthquakevictims.Thenewspaperisdistributedfree.Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.2.tosendgoodstoshops/storesandbusinessessothattheycanbesold:

WhodistributesourproductsintheUK?

3.[oftenpassive]tospreadsth,ordifferentpartsofsth,overanarea:

Makesurethatyourweightisevenlydistributed.CasesofthediseasearewidelydistributedthroughEurope.

contradict

1.tosaythatsththatsbelsehassaidiswrong,andthattheoppositeistrue:

[vn]Alleveningherhusbandcontradictedeverythingshesaid.You’vejustcontradictedyourself（=saidtheoppositeofwhatyousaidbefore）.[alsovspeech,vnspeech]

2.[vn]（ofstatementsorpiecesofevidence）tobesodifferentfromeachotherthatoneofthemmustbewrong:

Thetwostoriescontradicteachother.Thisversionofeventswascontradictedbyeye-witnessreports.

flattery

noun

[U]praisethatisnotsincere,especiallyinordertoobtainsthfromsb:

You’retoointelligenttofallforhisflattery.

flatterywillgetyoueverywhere/nowhere（informal,humorous）praisethatisnotsincerewill/willnotgetyouwhatyouwant

forecast

astatementaboutwhatwillhappeninthefuture,basedoninformationthatisavailablenow:

salesforecastsItisdifficulttomakelong-termforecastsforafast-growingindustry.Theforecastsaidtherewouldbesunnyintervalsandshowers.Theshippingforecastgavewarningsofgales.weatherforecast

（forecast,forecast）or（forecasted,forecasted）tosaywhatyouthinkwillhappeninthefuturebasedoninformationthatyouhavenow;

predict:

[vn]Expertsareforecastingarecoveryintheeconomy.Snowisforecastfortomorrow.Temperatureswereforecasttoreach40°

C.Itisdifficulttoforecastthedemandforthenewtrainservice.[vthat]Thereportforecaststhatpriceswillriseby3%nextmonth.[alsovwh-]

oppose

1.todisagreestronglywithsb’splan,policy,etc.andtrytochangeitorpreventitfromsucceeding:

[vn]Thispartywouldbitterlyopposethere-introductionofthedeathpenalty.Hethrewallthosethatopposedhimintoprison.[v-ing]Iwouldopposechangingthelaw.[alsovn-ing]2.[vn]tocompetewithsbinacontest:

Heintendstoopposetheprimeministerintheleadershipelection.

fond

adj.（fonder,fondest）

1.~ofsbfeelingaffectionforsb,especiallysbyouhaveknownforalongtime:

Overtheyears,Ihavegrownquitefondofher.I’vealwaysbeenveryfondofyourmother.2.~of（doing）sthfindingsthpleasantorenjoyable,especiallysthyouhavelikedorenjoyedforalongtime:

fondofmusic/cookingWehadgrownfondofthehouseanddidn’twanttoleave.3.~of（doing）sthlikingtodosthwhichotherpeoplefindannoyingorunpleasant,anddoingitoften:

Sheila’sveryfondoftellingotherpeoplewhattodo.He’srathertoofondofthesoundofhisownvoice（=hetalkstoomuch）.4.[onlybeforenoun]kindandloving:

afondlook/embrace/farewellIhaveveryfondmemoriesofmytimeinSpain（=Irememberitwithaffectionandpleasure）.

5.[onlybeforenoun]~hopeahopeaboutsththatisnotlikelytohappen:

Iwaitedalldayinthefondhopethatshewouldchangehermind.

fondness

noun[U,sing.]~（forsb/sth）:

Hewillberememberedbythestaffwithgreatfondness.afondnessforanimalsItwasherfather’sfondnessfordrinkthatbroughtaboutthebreak-upofherparents'

marriage.

corrupt

adj.

1.（ofpeople）willingtousetheirpowertododishonestorillegalthingsinreturnformoneyortogetanadvantage:

acorruptregimecorruptofficialsacceptingbribes2.（ofbehaviour）dishonestorimmoral:

corruptpracticesThewholesystemisinefficientandcorrupt.3.（computing）containingchangesorfaults,andnolongerintheoriginalstate:

corruptsoftwareThetextonthediskseemstobecorrupt.

1.[vn]tohaveabadeffectonsbandmakethembehaveinanimmoralordishonestway:

Hewascorruptedbypowerandambition.thecorruptingeffectsofgreatwealth2.[vn][oftenpassive]tochangetheoriginalformofsth,sothatitisdamagedorspoiledinsomeway:

acorruptedformofBuddhism3.（computing）tocausemistakestoappearinacomputerfile,etc.withtheresultthattheinformationinitisnolongercorrect:

[vn]Theprogramhassomehowcorruptedthesystemfiles.corrupteddata[v]Thediskwillcorruptifitisoverloaded.

greedy

adj.（greedier,greediest）~（forsth）wantingmoremoney,power,food,etc.thanyoureallyneed:

Yougreedypig!

You’vealreadyhadtwohelpings!

Theshareholdersaregreedyforprofit.Hestaredatthediamondswithgreedyeyes.

storage

noun[U]

1.theprocessofkeepingsthinaparticularplaceuntilitisneeded;

thespacewherethingscanbekept:

tablesthatfoldflatforstorageThere’salotofstoragespaceintheloft.foodstoragefacilitiesWeneedmorestoragenow.coldstorage2.（computing）theprocessofkeepinginformation,etc.onacomputer;

thewayitiskept:

thestorageandretrievalofinformationdatastorage3.theprocessofpayingtokeepfurniture,etc.inaspecialbuildinguntilyouwantit:

Whenwemovedwehadtoputourfurnitureinstorageforawhile.

sacrifice

1.[C,U]thefactofgivingupsthimportantorvaluabletoyouinordertogetordosththatseemsmoreimportant;

sththatyougiveupinthisway:

Themakersoftheproductassuredusthattherehadbeennosacrificeofquality.Herparentsmadesacrificessothatshecouldhaveagoodeducation.tomakethefinal/supremesacrifice（=todieforyourcountry,tosaveafriend,etc.）2.~（tosb）[C,U]theactofoffering