届人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试 7.docx

届人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试 7.docx

《届人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试 7.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试 7.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

届人教版必修一Unit4earthquakes单元测试7

必修一Unit4earthquakes单元测试

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Whiletheworldisstilldebatingthesafetyofselfdrivingcars,Dubaiispreparingtolaunchanautonomousflyingtaxi.StartinginJuly,theworld'sfirstpassengerdrone（无人机）,theEHANG184,willbeavailabletopassengers.

Theshuttle,releasedinLasVegasinJanuary2016,weighs440poundsandcanflyatheightsofupto11,500feet.Theeggshapedvehiclehasroomforasinglepassengerweighingupto220poundsandasmallsuitcase.Thoughtheflyingtaxicanreachspeedsofupto100mph,itwilltypicallyoperateatabout62mph.

Passengerscanaskfortheflyingtaxitopickthemupfromappointedzonesusingasmartphoneapp.Passengersstrapintotheseat,selectadestinationonthetouchscreen,andenjoytheflight.Toensurethepassenger'ssafety,allflightsaremonitoredremotelybyacontrolroomontheground.

Intheunlikelyeventthatanyofthecomponentsmalfunctionordisconnect,thedronewillmakeanemergencylandingtoensurethecustomer'ssafety.It'salsoprogrammedtoensureitsroutewon'taffectthatofanotherdrone.Whilehavingnocontrolovertheremotelypilotedvehiclemayappearscary,theproducer,ChinabasedEHANG,says,“Itisthesafest,smartestandecofriendlylowaltitudeautonomousflyingvehicle.”Anydrawback?

TheEHANG184hasabatterylifeof30minutesandaflightrangeofjust31miles.Alsounknownisthecostofeachride.

Thoughtheflyingtaxiseemsadvanced,itisnotthefirstdriverlesstransportationoptionavailabletoDubai'sresidents.Aspartofitsgoaltohave25%ofthepublictransportationautomatedby2030,theauthoritieshavebuilttheworld'slongestdriverlessmetroandintroducedserfnavigatingshuttles.OfficialsrecentlyalsopartneredaUScompanytobuildsupersonicspeedpodstocarrypassengersbetweenDubaiandAbuDhabi.

篇章导读：

本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了一种迪拜正准备投入供公交出租使用的自动驾驶低空飞行器——EHANG184。

1．Whatcanwelearnabouttheflyingtaxi?

A．Apassengercancallforaflyingtaxionline.

B．Itcancarryaweightof220poundsatmost.

C．Apassengercantouchthescreentocontrolit.

D．Itusuallyfliesataspeedof100milesanhour.

答案：

A　细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句可知，乘客可以使用智能手机中的软件从指定地方乘坐EHANG184，故A项正确。

2．Howcantheshuttleguaranteethepassenger'ssafetyinanequipmentfailure?

A．Itlowersitsflyingspeed.

B．Itchangestoanotherroute.

C．Itgetshelpfromthecontrolroom.

D．It'sprogrammedtolandautonomously.

答案：

D　细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句中的“thedronewillmakeanemergencylandingtoensurethecustomer'ssafety”可知，当遇到紧急情况时，该飞行器可以自动着陆，以保证乘客的安全。

故D项正确。

3．WhatisthedrawbackoftheEHANG184?

A．It'stooscarytorideinit.

B．Itcostsalottotakearide.

C．Itrunsoutofpowereasily.

D．Itonlyfliesatalowaltitude.

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第四段倒数第二句可知，EHANG184只能连续航行30分钟，故C项正确。

B

[2017·北京高考]Hollywood'stheorythatmachineswithevil（邪恶的）mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence（AI）maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awellknownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics（控制论）,putitthisway：

“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere（干预）,wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”

Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings：

awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotinborn,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.

Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork：

wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.

SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmac