届人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试 7.docx

1、届人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试 7必修一Unit 4 earthquakes单元测试.阅读理解AWhile the world is still debating the safety of selfdriving cars, Dubai is preparing to launch an autonomous flying taxi. Starting in July, the worlds first passenger drone (无人机), the EHANG 184, will be available to passengers.The shuttle

2、, released in Las Vegas in January 2016, weighs 440 pounds and can fly at heights of up to 11,500 feet. The eggshaped vehicle has room for a single passenger weighing up to 220 pounds and a small suitcase. Though the flying taxi can reach speeds of up to 100 mph, it will typically operate at about 6

3、2 mph.Passengers can ask for the flying taxi to pick them up from appointed zones using a smartphone app. Passengers strap into the seat, select a destination on the touch screen, and enjoy the flight. To ensure the passengers safety, all flights are monitored remotely by a control room on the groun

4、d.In the unlikely event that any of the components malfunction or disconnect, the drone will make an emergency landing to ensure the customers safety. Its also programmed to ensure its route wont affect that of another drone. While having no control over the remotely piloted vehicle may appear scary

5、, the producer, Chinabased EHANG, says, “It is the safest, smartest and ecofriendly low altitude autonomous flying vehicle.” Any drawback? The EHANG 184 has a battery life of 30 minutes and a flight range of just 31 miles. Also unknown is the cost of each ride.Though the flying taxi seems advanced,

6、it is not the first driverless transportation option available to Dubais residents. As part of its goal to have 25% of the public transportation automated by 2030, the authorities have built the worlds longest driverless metro and introduced serfnavigating shuttles. Officials recently also partnered

7、 a US company to build supersonic speed pods to carry passengers between Dubai and Abu Dhabi.篇章导读：本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了一种迪拜正准备投入供公交出租使用的自动驾驶低空飞行器EHANG 184。1What can we learn about the flying taxi?AA passenger can call for a flying taxi online.BIt can carry a weight of 220 pounds at most.CA passenger can to

8、uch the screen to control it.DIt usually flies at a speed of 100 miles an hour.答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，乘客可以使用智能手机中的软件从指定地方乘坐EHANG 184，故A项正确。2How can the shuttle guarantee the passengers safety in an equipment failure?AIt lowers its flying speed.BIt changes to another route.CIt gets help from the contro

9、l room.DIts programmed to land autonomously.答案：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“the drone will make an emergency landing to ensure the customers safety”可知，当遇到紧急情况时，该飞行器可以自动着陆，以保证乘客的安全。故D项正确。3What is the drawback of the EHANG 184?AIts too scary to ride in it.BIt costs a lot to take a ride.CIt runs out of power easi

10、ly.DIt only flies at a low altitude.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，EHANG 184只能连续航行30分钟，故C项正确。B2017北京高考Hollywoods theory that machines with evil (邪恶的) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely goo

11、d at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a wellknown mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics (控制论), put it this way：“If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere (干预), we had better be

12、quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things：a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not inborn, nor is it something intro

13、duced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing

14、 anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a matc

15、h should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work：we have yet to invent a fi

16、rewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and mac