职称英语真题理工Aword完整版Word格式.docx

职称英语真题理工Aword完整版Word格式.docx

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3.Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswillexpiresoon.

A.shortenB.endC.startD.resume

4.Threeworld-classtennisplayerscametocontendforthistitle.

A.argueB.claimC.wishD.compete

5.Themethodsofcommunicationusedduringthewarwereprimitive.

A.simpleB.reliableC.effectiveD.alternative

6.Respectforlifeisacardinalprincipleofthelaw.

A.moralB.regularC.fundamentalD.hard

7.Thedrinkingwaterhasbecomecontaminatedwithlead.

A.pollutedB.treatedC.testedD.corrupted

8.Comeout,orI’llbustthedoordown.

A.shutB.setC.breakD.beat

9.Sheshedafewtearsatherdaughter’swedding.

A.wipedB.injectedC.producedD.removed

10.Theydidn’tseemtoappreciatethemagnitudeoftheproblem.

A.existenceB.importanceC.causeD.situation

11.Thetowerremainsintactevenaftertwohundredyears.

A.unknownB.unusualC.undamagedD.unstable

12.Manyexpertsremainskepticalabouthisclaims.

A.doubtfulB.untouchedC.certainD.silent

13.Theproposalwasendorsedbythemajorityofmembers.

A.rejectedB.submittedC.consideredD.approved

14.Rumorsbegantocirculateabouthisfinancialproblems.

A.sendB.spreadC.hearD.confirm

15.Thepolicewillneedtokeepawaryeyeonthisareaoftown.

A.nakedB.cautiousC.blindD.private

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）

NewUnderstandingofNaturalSilk’sMysteries

Naturalsilk,asweallknow,hasastrengththatman-madematerialshavelongstruggledtomatch.InadiscoverythatsoundsmorelikeanancientChineseproverbthanamaterialssciencebreakthrough,MITresearchershavediscoveredthatsilkgetsitsstrengthfromitsweakness.Or,morespecifically,itsmanyweaknesses.Silkgetsitsextraordinarydurabilityandductility（柔韧性）fromanunusualarrangementofhydrogenbondsthatareintrinsicallyveryweakbutthatworktogethertocreateastrong,flexiblestructure.

Mostmaterials—especiallytheonesweengineerforstrength—gettheirtoughnessfrombrittleness.Assuch,naturalsilkslikethoseproducedbyspidershavelongfascinatedbothbiologistsandengineersbecauseoftheirlightweight,ductilityandhighstrength（poundforpound,silkisstrongerthansteelandfarlessbrittle）.Butonitsface,itdoesn'

tseemthatsilksshouldbeasstrongastheyare;

molecularly,theyareheldtogetherbyhydrogenbonds,whicharefarweakerthanthecovalent（共价的）bondsfoundinothermolecules.

Togetabetterunderstandingofhowsilkmanagestoproducesuchstrengththroughsuchweakbonds,theMITteamcreatedasetofcomputermodelsthatallowedthemtoobservethewaysilkbehavesattheatomiclevel.Theyfoundthatthearrangementofthetinysilknanocrystals（纳米晶体）issuchthatthehydrogenbondsareabletoworkcooperatively,reinforcingoneanotheragainstexternalforcesandfailingslowlywhentheydofail,soasnotsoallowasuddenfracturetospreadacrossasilkstructure.

Theresultisnaturalsilksthatcanstretchandbendwhileretainingahighdegreeofstrength.Butwhilethat'

sallwellandgoodforspiders,beesandthelike,thisunderstandingofsilkgeometrycouldleadtonewmaterialsthatarestrongerandmoreductilethanthosewecancurrentlymanufacture.Ourbestandstrongestmaterialsaregenerallyexpensiveanddifficulttoproduce（requiringhightemperaturetreatmentsorenergy-intensiveprocesses）.

Bylookingtosilkasamodel,researcherscouldpotentiallydevisenewmanufacturingmethodsthatrelyoninexpensivematerialsandweakbondstocreatelessrigid,moreforgivingmaterialsthatarenonethelessstrongerthananythingcurrentlyonoffer.Andifyouthoughtyouweregoingtogetoutofthismaterialssciencestorywithouthearingaboutcarbonnanotubes（纳米碳管）,thinkagain.TheMITteamisalreadyinthelablookingintowaysofsynthesizingsilk-likestructuresoutofmaterialsthatarestrongerthannaturalsilk—likecarbonnanotubes.Super-silksareonthehorizon.

16.MITresearcherscarryoutthestudytoillustrateanancientChineseproverb.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.Silk’sstrengthcomesfromitsweakhydrogenbondsworkingtogether.

18.Biologistsandengineersareinterestedinunderstandingnaturalsilksbecausetheyareverylightandbrittle.

19.Ifthehydrogenbondsbreakduetoexternalforces,theybreakfast.

20.TheMITteamhadtrieddifferentmaterialsbeforetheystudiesnaturalsilkintheresearch.

21.Carbonnanotubesarecurrentlythemostpopulartopicinmaterialsscience.

22.Itisindicatedthatmaterialsstrongerthannaturalsilkcanbeexpectedinthefuture.

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

BlackHoles

1.Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum,suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel,andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational（重力的）force,hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.

2.Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen,othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass（恒星质量）blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough（shouldbebiggerthanthesun）fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare:

ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers,thentheEarthwouldbecomeablackholethat’sonlyafractionofaninch!

3.Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere,nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup（吞噬）objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole,butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbitsdonotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar,onlythistimeitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.

4.Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend,throughnumerousstudies,theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight,itisnearlyimpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetostudygalaxies,spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholesmightevolve.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears,andlatercontributetoabiggerprocessingalaxies,whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities.Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.

A.Isthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?

B.Whataredifferenttypesofblackholes?

C.Howareblackholesformed?

D.Howwereblackholesnamed?

E.Whathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?

F.Whatareblackholesmadeof?

23.Paragraph1

24.Paragraph2

25.Paragraph3

26.Paragraph4

27.Blackholesareformedafter.

28.Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto.

29.Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof.

30.AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove.

A.thecreationofnewentities

B.anexplosionofhugestars

C.thetiniestparticle

D.thesameamountofmass

E.theexistenceofblackholes

F.afractionofaninch

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大家论坛职称英语每日一练汇总

2014年职称英语考试热点问题及备考方法（如教材、词典等问题）

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇ForecastingMethods

Thereareseveraldifferentmethodsthatcanbeusedtocreateaforecast.Themethodaforecasterchoosesdependsupontheexperienceoftheforecaster,theamountofinformationavailabletotheforecaster,thelevelofdifficultythattheforecastsituationpresents,andthedegreeofaccuracyorconfidenceneededintheforecast.

Thefirstofthesemethodsisthepersistencemethod;

thesimplestwayofproducingaforecast.Thepersistencemethodassumesthattheconditionsatthetimeoftheforecastwillnotchange.Forexample,ifitissunnyand87degreestoday,thepersistencemethodpredictsthatitwillbesunnyand87degreestomorrow.Iftwoinchesofrainfelltoday,thepersistencemethodwouldpredicttwoinchesofrainfortomorrow.However,ifweatherconditionschangesignificantlyfromdaytoday,thepersistencemethodusuallybreaksdownandisnotthebestforecastingmethodtouse.

Thetrendsmethodinvolvesdeterminingthespeedanddirectionofmovementforfronts,highandlowpressurecenters,andareasofcloudsandprecipitation.Usingthisinformation,theforecastercanpredictwhereheorsheexpectsthosefeaturestobeatsomefuturetime.Forexample,ifastormsystemis1,000mileswestofyourlocationandmovingtotheeastat250milesperday,usingthetrendsmethodyouwouldpredictittoarriveinyourareain4days