职称英语真题理工Aword完整版Word格式.docx

1、3. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A. shorten B. end C. start D. resume4. Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.A. argue B. claim C. wish D. compete5. The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.A. simple B. reliable C. effective

2、D. alternative6. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.A. moral B. regular C. fundamental D. hard7. The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.A. polluted B. treated C. tested D. corrupted8. Come out, or Ill bust the door down.A. shut B. set C. break D. beat9. She shed a few

3、tears at her daughters wedding.A. wiped B. injected C. produced D. removed10. They didnt seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.A. existence B. importance C. cause D. situation11. The tower remains intact even after two hundred years.A. unknown B. unusual C. undamaged D. unstable12. Many ex

4、perts remain skeptical about his claims.A. doubtful B. untouched C. certain D. silent13. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.A. rejected B. submitted C. considered D. approved14. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A. send B. spread C. hear D. confirm15. The polic

5、e will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A. naked B. cautious C. blind D. private第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）New Understanding of Natural Silks MysteriesNatural silk, as we all know, has a strength that man-made materials have long struggled to match. In a discovery that sounds more like a

6、n ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough, MIT researchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness. Or, more specifically, its many weaknesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility （柔韧性） from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that ar

7、e intrinsically very weak but that work together to create a strong, flexible structure. Most materials especially the ones we engineer for strength get their toughness from brittleness. As such, natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because

8、of their light weight, ductility and high strength （pound for pound, silk is stronger than steel and far less brittle）. But on its face, it doesnt seem that silks should be as strong as they are; molecularly, they are held together by hydrogen bonds, which are far weaker than the covalent （共价的） bond

9、s found in other molecules.To get a better understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds, the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to observe the way silk behaves at the atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocry

10、stals （纳米晶体） is such that the hydrogen bonds are able to work cooperatively, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail, so as not so allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retain

11、ing a high degree of strength. But while thats all well and good for spiders, bees and the like, this understanding of silk geometry could lead to new materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture. Our best and strongest materials are generally expensive and di

12、fficult to produce （requiring high temperature treatments or energy-intensive processes）. By looking to silk as a model, researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing methods that rely on inexpensive materials and weak bonds to create less rigid, more forgiving materials that are nonetheles

13、s stronger than anything currently on offer. And if you thought you were going to get out of this materials science story without hearing about carbon nanotubes （纳米碳管）, think again. The MIT team is already in the lab looking into ways of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materials that are st

14、ronger than natural silk like carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon.16. MIT researchers carry out the study to illustrate an ancient Chinese proverb.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. Silks strength comes from its weak hydrogen bonds working together.18. Biologists and engineers are in

15、terested in understanding natural silks because they are very light and brittle.19. If the hydrogen bonds break due to external forces, they break fast.20. The MIT team had tried different materials before they studies natural silk in the research.21. Carbon nanotubes are currently the most popular

16、topic in materials science.22. It is indicated that materials stronger than natural silk can be expected in the future.第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。Black Holes1. Black holes can be best described as a sort of vacu

17、um, sucking up everything in space. Scientists have discovered that black holes come from an explosion of huge stars. Stars that are near death can no longer burn due to loss of fuel, and because its temperature can no longer control the gravitational （重力的） force, hydrogen ends up putting pressure o

18、nto the stars surface until it suddenly explodes then collapses. 2. Black holes come from stars that are made of hydrogen, other gases and a few metals. When these explode it can turn into a stellar-mass （恒星质量） black hole, which can only occur if the star is large enough （should be bigger than the s

19、un） for the explosion to break it into pieces, and the gravity starts to compact every piece into the tiniest particle. Try to see and compare: if a star thats ten times the size of the sun ends up being a black hole thats no longer than 70 kilometers, then the Earth would become a black hole thats

20、only a fraction of an inch!3. Objects that get sucked in a black hole will always remain there, never to break free. But remember that black holes can only gobble up （吞噬） objects within a specific distance to it. Its possible for a large star near the sun to become a black hole, but the sun will con

21、tinue to stay in place. Orbits do not change because the newly formed black hole contains exactly the same amount of mass as when it was a star, only this time its mass is totally contracted that it can end up as no bigger than a state.4. So far, astronomers have figured out that black holes exist b

22、ecause of Albert Einsteins theory of relativity. In the end, through numerous studies, they have discovered that black holes truly exist. Since black holes trap light and do not give off light, it is nearly impossible to detect black holes via a telescope. But astronomers continue to study galaxies,

23、 space and the solar system to understand how black holes might evolve. It is possible that black holes can exist for millions of years, and later contribute to a bigger process in galaxies, which can eventually lead to creation of new entities. Scientists also credit black holes as helpful in learn

24、ing how galaxies began to form.A. Is there proof that black holes really exist? B. What are different types of black holes?C. How are black holes formed?D. How were black holes named?E. What happens to the objects around a black hole?F. What are black holes made of?23. Paragraph 1 24. Paragraph 2 25

25、. Paragraph 3 26. Paragraph 4 27. Black holes are formed after .28. When a large star explodes, the gravity compacts every piece into .29. A newly formed black hole and the star it comes from are of .30. Albert Einsteins theory of relativity helps to prove . A. the creation of new entitiesB. an expl

26、osion of huge starsC. the tiniest particleD. the same amount of massE. the existence of black holesF. a fraction of an inch大家网首发2013年全国职称英语考试教材-理工类电子版下载大家网首发2013年全国职称英语考试教材-卫生类电子版下载大家网首发2013年全国职称英语考试教材-综合类电子版下载大家论坛职称英语每日一练汇总2014年职称英语考试热点问题及备考方法（如教材、词典等问题）第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题

27、。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇Forecasting MethodsThere are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method a forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situat

28、ion presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny an

29、d 87 degrees today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degrees tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usual

30、ly breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days