高考英语二轮复习训练10阅读理解词义猜测二.docx
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高考英语二轮复习训练10阅读理解词义猜测二
阅读理解-词义猜测二
1、 Supportivetextmessagescandoublethechanceofsomeonesuccessfullyquittingsmoking,accordingtoUKresearchers.
Thestudy,publishedinTheLancet,calledfortextstobeincludedinservicestohelppeoplekickthehabit.
Otherscientistssaidatextservicecouldbeofferedglobally.
Accordingtogovernmentstatisticstwo-thirdsofUKsmokerssaytheywanttostop.
Thisstudylookedat5,800ofthem.Supportivetextsweresentto2,915ofthesmokersforsixmonths.Therestreceivedonlymessagesthankingthemfortakingpart.
Theyweresentfivetextsadayforthefirstfiveweeksandthenthreeaweekforthenext26weeks.
Participantscouldalsotextbackforspecificadvicewhentheyhadstrongdesireorhadbeguntosmokeagain.
Salivatestsforcotinine,whichismadewhennicotineisbrokendownbythebody,weretakentodetermineifpeoplehadreallygivenup.
Aftersixmonths,10.7%ofthosereceivingtextshadquit—doubletheproportionamongthosedoingitontheirown.
DrCarolineFree,wholedthetxt2stoptrialattheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine,said:
"Textmessagesareaveryconvenientwayforsmokerstoreceivesupporttoquit."
"Peopledescribedtxt2stopasbeinglikehavingafriendencouragingthemoranangelontheirshoulder.”
"Ithelpedpeopleresistthetemptationtosmoke.
TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysnearlysixmilliondieeachyearbecauseofsmoking,mostlyinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.
“Thelessonslearnedfromthetxt2stoptrialcould…notonlyprovideanewapproachtostopinhigh-incomeandmiddle-incomecountries,butcouldalsoprovideausefulstartingpointforimplementingbehaviouralchangeinresource-poorsettings."
Ithasalsobeensuggestedsimilartextmessagescouldbeusedtohelppeoplemodifyotherbehaviour.
1.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.TextMessagesHelpSmokersQuit
B.HowtoQuitSmokingEffectively
C.SmokingIsVeryHarmfultoHealth
D.TheFunctionofTextMessages
2.Howdidtheresearchersjudgeifaparticipanthadreallygivenup?
A.Bysendingtextmessagestotheparticipant.
B.Bymakingsalivatestsforcotinine.
C.Byobservingtheparticipantforfiveweeks.
D.Bymakingaquestionnaire.
3.Theunderlined“It”inthepassagerefersto______.
A.afriend
B.txt2stop
C.anangel
D.quittingsmoking
4.Inwhichpartofawebsitemaythepassageappear?
A.Entertainment.
B.Advertisement.
C.Education.
D.Health.
2、 TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincreditcard(信用卡)fraud.Yourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsite(非法网站).
Websitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcare.
On-lineshopperswhoentertheircreditcardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber—orselltheinformationovertheInternet.Computerhackers(黑客)havebrokendownsecurity(安全)systems,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago,25,000customersofCDUniverse,anon-linemusicretailer(零售商),werenotlucky.Theirnames,addressesandcreditcardnumberswerepostedonawebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157,828togetbacktheinformation.
Creditcardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefraud.MastercardisworkingonplansforWeb-onlycreditcard,withalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingon-line.However,thereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheated(欺骗).
Askaboutyourcreditcardfirm'son-linerules:
UnderBritishlawtcardholdershavetopaythefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulent(欺骗性的)spending.
Andshoponlyatsecuresites;sendyourcreditcardinformationonlyifthewebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.
Ifthesecurityisinplace,aletterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.Thewebsiteaddressmayalsostarthttps:
//—theextra“s”standsforsecure.Ifindoubt,giveyourcreditcardinformationoverthetelephone.
Keepyourpassword(密码)safe:
Moston-linesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.Treatyourpasswordwithcare.
1.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassage?
A.AlotofstolencreditcardsweresoldontheInternet.
B.FraudontheInternet.
C.Manywebsitesaredestroyed.
D.ManyillegalwebsitesareontheInternet.
2.Whatisthemeaningof“fraud”?
A.Cheating.
B.Sale.
C.Payment.
D.Safety.
3.Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthepassagegivetoyou?
A.Four.
B.Three.
C.Five.
D.Six.
4.Youareshoppingonthesite:
http:
//www.Shopping,com,andyouwanttobuyaTVset,whatdoesthisarticlesuggesttodo?
A.OrdertheTVsetatonce.
B.DonotbuytheTVsetonthissite.
C.E-mailthesiteyourcreditcardinformation.
D.TellthesiteyourpasswordandbuytheTVsetforyou.
3、 Atschool,Iwasinthetopsetformaths.MyteachersrecommendedthatIstudyeconomicsandstatisticsasmyA-levelsubjects,butIhadmymindsetonalifefulfilledbythearts.
Infact,Iwasavictimofagenderstereotypemadestrongersincebirth,thatmendoscienceandmathsandwomendoartsorlanguages.Computerscience,technologyandphysicsjustdidnotfigureinmyteenageworldview.Nobodypopularinmyschoolchosetostudythosesubjects.
RealitystruckhardwhenIbeganattendingjobinterviewsandinterviewerswouldsay:
“It’sgreatthatyouspeakforeignlanguages,butwhatelsedoyoudo?
”Nobodyaskedmyfriendswhohadstudiedscienceortechnologythosequestions.
Asurveyrecentlyshowedthatthreeofthebest-paidjobsforwomenarcinthetechnologysector.It’sasectorthatreallycanchangetheworld.Wemustshowgirlsthattechnologyhasaneffectoneveryindustryoutthere,fromfashiontoarchitecturetojournalism.Anybodycanlearntocodeandthesedaysit’sasimportantasreadingandwriting.I’verealizedthatatuniversityI’dachievedthewrongkindofliteracy.Notbeingabletocodelimityourimpactontheworldfarmorethananignoranceofgreatliterature.
NowIhaveafive-year-olddaughter.Idon’twanthertoblindlyfollowgenderrolesthewayIdid.Iwanthertoknowthefactthatascienceortechnicaldegreewillnotlimithercreativitybutexpanditandbroadenherhorizonsfarmorethanmyartsbackgroundcould.I’mexposinghertoMinecraftandapps,whichhelpimproveanalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvingskills.I’mhopingthatmydaughterwilldiscoverandacceptherpotentialsinscienceandwanttochangetheworld.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“genderstereotype”inParagraph2referto?
A.Personallearningstyle.
B.Sexcharacteristic.
C.Conventionalsexconcept.
D.Professiondifference.
2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichmaybethebenefitoflearningscience?
A.Increasingjobpossibility.
B.Winningpopularity.
C.Improvinglanguagecompetence.
D.Enrichingimagination.
3.Howdidtheauthorfeelforhermajorchoice?
A.Satisfied.
B.Active.
C.Discouraged.
D.Regretful.
4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ArtorScience,EitherisOK
B.GoodSubjects,GoodFuture
C.Girls,ChooseMoreWisely
D.CatchChances,ChangetheWorld
4、 Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.
Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.
Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):
noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.
1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?
A.Theydevelopedveryfast.
B.Theywerelargeinnumber.
C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.
D.Theywerecloselyconnected.
2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?
A.Complex.
B.Advanced.
C.Powerful.
D.Modern.
3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?
A.About6,800
B.About3,400
C.About2,400
D.About1,200
4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.
B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.
C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.
D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.
5、Witharound100student