高考英语提高题专题复习阅读理解练习题及答案1Word文件下载.docx

高考英语提高题专题复习阅读理解练习题及答案1Word文件下载.docx

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Yusaid,addingthatitwillbeabletosupportawiderangeofapplicationsituations,includingsmartTVs,automobilesandwearables.

Theinternetofthingsreferstoanetworkofdevicesandotherobjectsthatcanconnectwitheachotherandexchangedata.

YusaidtheUSgovernment'

srestrictionshaveacceleratedthecompany'

smarketingofthesystem,whichnowhasabout4,000employeesworkingonit.

TheseniorexecutivesaidHarmonycanbeusedinitssmartphones.ButAndroidisstillHuawei'

spreferredchoiceforhandsetsifthecompanyisallowedtouseit.

ButwhenAndroidisnotavailable,Harmonycanbeappliedimmediatelytosmartphones.Harmonyisready,"

Yuadded.

JiaMo,ananalystatmarketresearchcompanyCanalys,saidevenifHuaweidoesnotuseHarmonyinitssmartphonesintheshortterm,itssmartwatchesandsmartTVscanbeequippedwithHarmonytowidenitsuseandaccumulatemoreexperienceinbuildinganecosystem.

Also,moreimportantly,HuaweichosetobuildHarmonyintoanopen-sourceoperatingsystemandallowittobecompatiblewithAndroid.ThusHarmonywillbemoreacceptedbycurrentAndroidusers.ThiswillpreventHuaweifromrepeatingthefateofMicrosoftinpromotingsmartphonesystems,"

Jiasaid.MicrosoftfailedtopopularizetheuseofitsWindowssysteminsmartphonesyearsago.

（1）WhatisthesignificanceoftheHarmonyOS?

A. 

ItsymbolizesHuaweihasfinisheditsownsoftwareecosystem.

B. 

ItmayreducethethreatfromUSgovernment'

srestrictions.

C. 

Itwillaccumulatemoreexperienceinbuildinganecosystem.

D. 

ItsuccessfullyborrowsfromMicrosoft'

sWindowssystem.

（2）Whichofthefollowingmaytaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword"

compatible"

inthelastparagraph?

Usedharmoniously. 

Operatedquickly. 

Resistedfiercely. 

Monitoredclosely.

（3）Wheremaywefindthisarticle?

Fashionmagazines. 

TVinterviews. 

Historicdocuments. 

Newswebsites.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了华为的鸿蒙系统的发布。

此系统的发布还有望削弱美国政府对华为在智能手机中使用谷歌Android操作系统的限制。

更重要的是，华为选择将鸿蒙系统构建为开源操作的系统，并允许它与Android系统兼容。

这样就可以阻止华为重蹈微软在智能手机系统推广上的覆辙。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“ThemoveisalsoexpectedtoweakentheinfluenceoftheUnitedStatesgovernment'

sAndroidoperatingsysteminsmartphones,analystssaid.”可知，华为希望鸿蒙操作系统能够削弱来自美国政府禁止华为在智能手机里使用谷歌安卓系统的影响。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的“Also,moreimportantly,HuaweichosetobuildHarmonyintoanopen-sourceoperatingsystemandallowittobecompatiblewithAndroid.ThusHarmonywillbeeasilyacceptedbycurrentAndroidusers.”鸿蒙是一个“open-sourceoperatingsystem”开源操作系统，华为选择将鸿蒙安装在一个对各种资源开放的操作系统中，就是让它能够与安卓系统兼容。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

这篇文章讲述的不是时尚、学术或科学问题，它的文体属于新闻，所以可以在新闻网站上找到。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

WhenIwassmallandmygrandmotherdied,Icouldn'

tunderstandwhyIhadnotears.Butthatnightwhenmydadtriedtocheermeup,mylaughturnedintocrying.

Soitcameasnosurprisetolearnthatresearchersbelievecryingandlaughingcomefromthesamepartofthebrain.Justaslaughinghasmanyhealthadvantages,scientistsarediscoveringthatso,too,doescrying.

Whateverittakesforustoreducepressureisimportanttoouremotionalhealth,andcryingseemstoworkwell.Onestudyfoundthat85percentofwomenand73percentofmenreportfeelingbetteraftercrying.

Besides,tearsattracthelpfromotherpeople.Researchersagreethatwhenwecry,peoplearoundusbecomekinderandfriendlierandtheyaremorereadytoprovidesupportandcomfort.Tearsalsoenableustounderstandouremotionsbetter;

sometimeswedon'

tevenknowwe'

reverysaduntilwecry.Welearnaboutouremotionsthroughcrying,andthenwecandealwiththem.

Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying-holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering-canbebadforphysicalhealth,Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don'

tfightit.It'

sanatural–andhealthy-emotionalresponse.

（1）Whydidn'

ttheauthorcrywhenhergrandmotherdied?

Theauthordoesn'

tgivetheexplanation.

Becauseshedidnotlovehergrandmother.

Becauseshewastooshytocryatthattime.

Becauseherfatherdidnotwanthertofeeltoosad.

（2）Itcaninferredfromthetextthat______.

therearetwowaystokeepmentalhealth

cryingdoesmoregoodtohealththanlaughing

cryingandlaughingplaythesamejobs

emotionalhealthhasacloserelationshiptophysicalhealth

（3）Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.

Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.

Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.

Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.

（4）Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

PowerofTears 

HowtoKeepHealthy

WhyWeCry 

ANewScientificDiscovery

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍哭对我们健康有益的几个方面。

根据第一段中的“WhenIwassmallandmygrandmotherdied,Icouldn'

tunderstandwhyIhadnotears.Butthatnightwhenmydadtriedtocheermeup,mylaughturnedintocrying.”当我小的时候，我的祖母去世了，我不明白为什么我没有眼泪。

但那天晚上，当我爸爸试图让我高兴起来时，我的笑变成了哭。

”可以得知作者并没有提到没有哭的原因，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Whateverittakesforustoreducepressureisimportanttoouremotionalhealth,andcryingseemstoworkwell.Onestudyfoundthat85percentofwomenand73percentofmenreportfeelingbetteraftercrying.”无论采取什么方法来减轻压力，对我们的情绪健康都很重要，而哭泣似乎很有效。

一项研究发现，85%的女性和73%的男性表示哭泣后感觉更好。

从文章可知情感健康与身体健康密切相关。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying-holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering-canbebadforphysicalhealth,Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.”正如哭泣是健康的，不哭泣——抑制愤怒、痛苦或苦难的泪水——可能对身体健康有害，研究表明，过度控制情绪可能导致高血压、心脏病和其他一些疾病。

可知B是明显正确的。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了哭的力量和作用，并且介绍了哭对我们健康有益的几个方面，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．（2019•天津）阅读理解

Howdoesanecosystem（生态系统）work?

Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?

Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?

Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.

Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食动物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（猎物）,thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;

whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction（灭绝）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.

Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.

Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.

Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（临界点）,itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.

（1）Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？

Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.

Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.

Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.

Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.

（2）Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______.

hasa