积极引导农民和农机社会化服务组织发展农业机械化文档格式.docx

积极引导农民和农机社会化服务组织发展农业机械化文档格式.docx

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本文通过对沛县农业机械化的发展与农民增收关系的调查分析，发现农民增收的根本是提高劳动生产率、农业机械是提高农业劳动生产率的关键，因此，农业机械化也是确保农民增收的一条重要途径。

而近几年，国家出台了一系列支农惠农政策，尤其是农机购置补贴政策出台后，沛县农业机械事业一路飞速发展，彻底改变了几千年的“面朝黄土背朝天，一年到头泥为伴”的传统农业生产方式，农民收入也实现直升式增长。

同时农民的增收让他们认识到机械化的好处，提高他们购买农机的热情，在某种情况下，又推动了农业机械化的进程。

这两者之间相辅相成，互相促进。

因此，推进农业机械化、促进农民增收要用科学发展观加以指导，依靠政府的支持的调控力度，使二者的关系和谐发展。

ComradeMAOzedongoncesaid:

"

thefundamentalwayoutforagricultureliesinmechanization.Generalsecretaryhujintaopointedoutthattospeeduptheagriculturaldevelopmentmodechangeandimprovethelevelofagriculturalmodernizationinanall-roundway.Thecentralfileno.1,pointsoutthattoimprovetheoverallequipmentlevelofmodernagriculture,promoteagriculturaldevelopmentmodechange,tospeedupthedevelopmentofagriculturalmechanization.Theparty'

s16thnationalcongressproposed"

overallplanningurbanandruraleconomicandsocialdevelopment,buildmodernagriculture,developruraleconomyandincreasefarmers'

income,isamajortaskofbuildingawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway"

.Peixiancountyisthemostlargeagriculturalcountyinthenorthofjiangsu,1.2millionpopulation,peasantsaccountedfor900000.Butin2007-2009,peixiancountypercapitanetincomeoffarmersinthreeconsecutiveyearsincreasesby15.0%,thefirstinnorthjiangsu.Thisarticlethroughtopeixiancountyagriculturalmechanizationdevelopmentofincreasingfarmers'

incomeinrelationtotheresearchandanalysis,findtherootofthefarmers'

incomeistoimprovelaborproductivity,agriculturalmachineryisthekeytoimproveagriculturallaborproductivity,somechanizationofagricultureisanimportantwaytoensurefarmers'

income.Inrecentyears,thestatehasstagedaseriesoffavorablepoliciesforsupportingagriculture,especiallyafterthefarmmachinerypurchasesubsidypolicy,peixiancountyagriculturalmachineryenterpriserapiddevelopment,allthewaycompletelychangedforthousandsofyearsof"

facingtheloessback,cultivatesthemudalltheyearround"

ofthetraditionalagriculturalmodeofproduction,farmers'

incomeandrealizeverticalgrowth.Atthesametimethebenefitsofthefarmers'

incometorealizemechanization,improvingtheenthusiasmofagriculturalmachinerytheybuy,insomecases,andpromotedtheprocessoftheagriculturalmechanization.Betweenthetwocomplementeachother,promoteeachother.Therefore,promotetheagriculturalmechanization,promotethefarmers'

incomewiththeconceptofscientificdevelopmenttoguide,relyonthegovernment'

scontrolpowersupport,makestheharmoniousdevelopmentoftworelations.

1提高农业机械化水平是促进农民增收的一条重要途径

1,improvethelevelofagriculturalmechanizationisanimportantwayofpromotingfarmers'

income

1.1农业机械化提高了劳动生产效率，促使农民增收先进的农业机械，替代了千百年来传统的手工劳动。

农业机械作业可以提高耕作质量、完成人畜力无法完成的作业，争抢农时，进而延长生长期，确保适时有效播种、收获，提高作物单位面积产量。

它既改善了劳动条件，减轻了劳动强度，又从根本上提高了劳动生产率，把大批农村劳动力从繁重的务农作业中解放出来，为调整农村产业结构，发展农村经济提供了充分条件。

发展农村经济的最终目的是为了增加农民收入，只有大批劳动力才能从田间生产中解放出来，农村经济才能全面发展，农民收入才能有效的增加。

1.1agriculturalmechanizationtoimprovethelaborproductionefficiency,increasingfarmers'

incomeofadvancedagriculturalmachinery,replacedinonethousandbythetraditionalmanuallabor.Agriculturalmachineryoperationcanimprovethequalityofcultivation,personsinvolvedanimalcan'

tdohomework,foraseason,andthenextendthegrowthperiod,toensuretimelyandeffectiveplanting,harvest,increasecropyieldperunitarea.Itimprovedtheworkingconditions,reducethelaborintensity,andfundamentallyimprovethelaborproductivity,thelargenumberofrurallaborforcefromheavyfarmingoperations,fortheadjustmentofruralindustrialstructure,providessufficientconditionsforthedevelopmentofruraleconomy.Theultimategoalofdevelopingtheruraleconomytoincreasefarmers'

income,onlyalargenumberoflaborcanbeliberatedfromthefieldproduction,ruraleconomytodevelopinanall-roundway,tobeeffectiveinthefarmers'

incomeincrease.

　　农业机械化生产大幅度提高了农业劳动生产率，为农村富裕劳动力多形式、多层次地向非农产业转移，增加收入创造了条件。

调查分析，近年来，沛县大批劳动力外出务工，农业劳动力季节性短缺问题愈来愈突出，排水板传统手工割麦、插秧农民中，年龄45～60岁的妇女占80.0%以上，平均每667m2手插秧费用150元，成本大，费工时。

因此，种植、收割机械化，解决了生产劳动力短缺问题，提高了沛县劳动生产率，减轻了劳动强度。

Greatlyimprovedtheagriculturallaborproductivity,agriculturalmechanizationproductionformulti-formandmulti-levelruralrichlaborshifttonon-agriculturalindustries,increasetheirincome.Peixiancountyisthemostlargeagriculturalcountyinthenorthofjiangsu,1.2millionpopulation,peasantsaccountedfor900000.Investigationandanalysis,inrecentyears,peixiancountylargenumberofmigrantworkerslaborforce,seasonalagriculturallaborshortageproblemincreasinglyprominent,thetraditionalmanualpassage,plantingfarmersintheageof45~60yearsoldwomenaccountedformorethan80.0%,onaverageevery667m2handplantingcost667yuan,thecostislarge,whenthework.Therefore,planting,harvestingmechanization,solvetheproblemoflaborshortage,theproduction,improvethepeixiancountylaborproductivity,reducethelaborintensity.

1.2农业机械化促进了农产品加工转化增值，促使农民增收沛县是江苏最北部的农业大县，近年来，沛县依据资源优势，因地制宜地创建了一批农副产品生产基地。

西部大沙河两岸建成了1.00万hm2红富士苹果、酥梨生产基地，东部微山湖畔建成了8个乡镇连片的优质无公害稻米生产基地和水产品养殖、浅水藕生产基地，中部市县公路和县乡公路两侧硅油建成了包括3万栋日光能温室、0.67万hm2大棚、0.40万hm2特菜，总面积达3.67万hm2的蔬菜生产基地；

还在各乡镇建成了上百个鸡鸭牛羊兔及特种养殖在内的养殖基地。

基地建设，使全县形成了多种特色经济规模化发展新优势。

1.2promotethetransformationoftheagriculturalproductsprocessingvalue-addedagriculturalmechanization,promptingpeixiancountyofincreasingfarmers'

incomeisthemostlargeagriculturalcountyinthenorthofjiangsu,inrecentyears,peixiancountyonthebasisofresourceadvantage,adjustmeasurestolocalconditionstocreateabatchofproductionbaseofagriculturalandsidelineproducts.ShahewestregionsacrosstheTaiwanstraitbuilt10000hm2Fujiapple,showedproductionbase,theeasternbeautifiulweishanlakebuilteightvillagesandtownsshallhigh-qualitypollution-freericeproductionbaseandaquaticproductsbreeding,JianShuiOuproductionbase,thecentralcitiesandcountiesonbothsidesoftheroadandcountyroadbuiltincluding30000focusthegreenhouses,greenhouse,06700hm204000hm2TeCai,atotalareaof36700hm2vegetableproductionbase;

Alsoinallthetownsbuilthundredsofchickens,ducksandspecialaquaculture,cattleandsheeprabbitbreedingbase.Baseconstruction,thecountyhasformedavarietyofcharacteristiceconomyscaledevelopmentnewadvantages.

　　为实现农副产品的就地增值，提高农民的人均收入，沛县人进行了大胆的探索。

泰安苗木沛县杨屯镇稻米加工基地，有6个稻米加工专业村，不仅县内的稻谷几乎全部从这里加工成稻米销往外地，还源源收购了苏南的大量稻谷。

龙固镇大立苇帘加工基地，本地芦苇已远远不能满足加工需要，芦苇来源已拓展到整个淮海经济区。

仅加工销售农副产品，沛县就涌现了6个龙头企业。

开拓市场，实现农副产品大流通，是沛县提高农业经济效益的关键措施。

全县组成了有上千人参加的农民经纪人队伍，遍布全国30多个大中城市，有50多个专业批发市场和大型农贸市场，还以全国唯一的县级身份加入全国农副产品销售网络，实现了“上网”卖菜。

Torealizeagriculturalandsidelineproductsinsitugrowth,increasethepercapitanetincomeoffarmers,PeiXianRenhascarriedontheboldexploration.PeixiancountytownofYangTunriceprocessingbase,therearesixZhuanYeCunriceprocessing,notonlyinthecountyofriceintoriceexportedtoabroad,almostallfromherealsoacquiredalotofriceinsouthernjiangsu.Longgutownbigreedscreenprocessingbase,thelocalreedhasfarcannotsatisfytheprocessingneed,reedsourcehavebeenexpandedtotheentirehuaihaieconomiczone.Processingandsalesofagriculturalandsidelineproductsalone,peixiancountysixleadingenterpriseshavesprungup.Developsthemarket,realizethegreatcirculationofagriculturalandsidelineproducts,peixiancountyisthekeytoimproveagriculturaleconomicbenefits.Countyofthousandsofpeopleattendedthefarmerbrokerteam,morethan30largeandmediumcitiesalloverthecountry,therearemorethan50professionalwholesalemarketandalargefarmersmarket,withtheonlyjoinedatthecountylevelofthenationalagriculturalandsidelineproductssalesnetwork,realizedthe"

Internet"

sellfood.

1.3农业机械化让农机手在作业服务的过程中脱贫致富奔小康，促使他们增收由于国家农机化政策的正确导向，农业机械化让沛县农机手在经营使用农机中得到了明显的经济实惠，他们很快走上了致富的道路，过上了富裕的生活，泰安太阳能成为沛县赫赫有名的“机老板”，脱贫致富奔小康的带头人。

截至目前，沛县农机总动力达84.4万kW。

沛县大中型拖拉机保有量达1402台；

小型拖拉机保有量达21675台；

联合收割机保有量达1991台（高性能机350台）；

水稻插秧机步进式保有量512台，乘座式保有量10台；

秸秆粉碎还田机和综合利用机械保有量达363台；

其他各种配套农机具2.5万余台套。

农机装备水平的快速发展，极大地提高了农业机械化作业水平，全县农机化综合作业水平达78.9%，其中小麦机收水平达99.0%以上，水稻机收水平达90.0%以上，玉米机收水平达40.0%。

全县主要农作物（稻、麦、玉米）耕、种、收、植四项环节综合机械化水平达到78.2%，高于全省约5百分点，高于全国约30百分点。

仅2009年，沛县参加农机跨区作业的机具达2020台次，电动吊篮作业面积9.72万hm2，作业收入7000余万元，占全年农机作业总收入的1/4。

参与作业的机具、作业面积、作业收入均创历年最高[1]。

1.3intheprocessofagriculturalmechanizationtoNongJiShouinoperationservicesaregrowingrichrush,encouragingthemtoincreaseduetothenationalagriculturalmechanizationpolicyofcorrectguidance,agriculturalmechanizationtopeixiancountyNongJiShouinbusinessuseoffarmmachinery,obtainedobviouseconomicbenefits,theyquicklytowardsalifeofrichandlivearichlife,becomepeixiancountyofthefamous"

boss"

runningoutofpovertytogetrichoffoftheleaders.Sofar,peixiancountyagriculturalmachinerytotalpowerof844000kW.Peixiancountynearly1,402largeandmedium-sizedtractorsownership;

Smalltractor'

s21,675;

Nearly1,991combineharvester'

shigh-performancemachine（350）;

Ricetransplanterstep-typeownershipin512,totakeownershipoftype10sets;

Comprehensiveutilizationofstrawcrushingreturningmachineandmechanicalquantitiesupto363units;

Otherkindsofformacompletesetofagriculturalmachineryandmorethan25000sets.Agriculturalmachineryequipmentlevel,withtherapiddevelopmentofagriculturalmechanizationlevelofoperation,greatlyimprovedthecountyag